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HISTORY OF THE CHUECH 



OF THE 



UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 



BY 



HENRY G 3PAYTH. 



Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life; he that cometh to 
me, shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me, shall never 
thirst. — St. John vi, xxxv. 



FIRST EDITION. ^'^^^'^ ' "^'^^j 



ferteilk, (!])liin: 



V' of Washier 



PUBLISHED AT THE CONFERENCE OFFICE OF THE 
UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 

1851 






^'cA 



TO 



THE CHURCH OF 



THIS WORK 



By the Author. 



IITRODUCTIOI 



That was a solemn caution introduced by Paul in 
his letter to the Hebrews, chap. 8th, verse 5th: " See," 
saith he, " that thou make all things according to the 
pattern shewed to thee in the mount." 

The light of history, in the past, and observation, 
in the present, will reveal to an impartial observer, 
how far the divine injunction, in the letter and in the 
spirit, has been complied with, in the Churches. In 
view of this, the author claims no pre-eminence for 
the Church, the rise and progress of which he has 
used his best efforts to sketch in the following pages. 
In the narration of facts and incidents he has consul- 
ted brevity, rather than extension. The Biographical 
Sketches wiU be found much condensed, without doing 
violence, to revered memory and the tribute of respect 
due to moral excellence, and the unblemished lives of 
the brethren presented in this work. We do not 
pretend that all are noticed, by whose instrumentality, 
ministerial abilities, and usefulness, the Church was 
raised. To notice all, and in connection with such 
notice, collect much other matter, which of necessity 



4 . INTR ODUCTION . 

we were obliged to pass over, would furnish sufficient 
material for a second volume. 

The author has not been forward in presenting the 
Church with this book. The General Conference held 
in Circleville, O., 1845, passed a resolution requesting 
him to write out a history of the rise and progress of 
the Church. But from certain causes, he did not set 
himself about the work, until the fall 1848. The 
General Conference held in Germantown, Ohio, 1849, 
renewed the demand. And because of this demand, 
and the urgent solicitations of many personal friends, 
your humble servant proceeded with the same; and 
now by the aid of a kind Providence, has been enabled 
to accomphsh the desired task, well satisfied that 
the public, — friends, and the Church, will be disposed 
to overlook the defects of execution. H. G. S. 

Tiffin O. Jan. 14th, 1850. 



CONTEITS. 



CHAPTER I. 

Civil History' — Sacred History — Scriptures — Sources of truth 
— Formal state of the Church — Declension of the Church — ■ 
God's reproof — Causes which induced our fathers to settle 
this coimtry — Their views were narrow — Religious liberty 
restricted — Reformation j'-et necessary, 9 

CHAPTER 11. 

Eighteenth century preparatory of events to be unfolded in the 
nineteenth — The gospel in the hands of a living ministry — ■ 
Biographic Sketch of Wm. Otterbein — his parentage — early 
life — education — ordination to the ministry — earnestness of 
his preaching — removal to America — settlement in Lancas- 
ter, &c., — Is full)'^ blessed — The germ of the work to which 
he was called, appears — His labors — Evening meetings — 
Opposition, . ^ 16 

CHAPTER III. 

Martin Boehm — parents — connexion with the Mennonite Soci- 
ety — his call to the ministry, and conversion given in his own 
words — Removal of Mennonite families to Ya. M. Boehm 
goes to Virginia. Converts of George Whitefield — A case to 
illustrate many — Encouragement received by Boehm in Va. — 
Years of joy — The word lost — Boehm's labors enlarged — 
The breaking out of the war — Boehm and Otterbein brought 
together — Assembly of christians of all denominations at a 
great meeting. "We are United Brethren," 27 

CHAPTER IV. 

William Otterbein in Baltimore organizing a Church — Church 
book of the Evangelical Reformed Church translated from the 



b CONTENTS . 

German — Faber — Wallauer — Call of Otterbein — Organi- 
zation, and articles of constitution and discipline — Comment 
on the articles — No German Reformed minister could officiate 
in the Church on Howard's Hill — Similarity between those 
articles, and the present discipline of the United Brethren 
Church — Points insisted on, 43 

CHAPTER V. 

First Conference — Second Conference — George Adam Gueth- 
ing — character of his preaching — his childlike humility — 
persecutions — his house Otterbein's home when out of Balti- 
more — Christian Newcomer — his conversion — call to the 
ministry — acquaintance with Otterbein and Guething — his 
burning zeal, industry and extensive labors in the ministry, ... 59 

CHAPTER VI. 

Biographical Sketch of John G. Pfrimmer — character of his 
preaching — his extensive labors — Sketch of John Neiding — 
birth — baptism — chosen by lot to preach — seeks a clean 
heart — finds experimental salvation — effect of his preaching 
the doctrine of the New Birth — his virtues — popularity of 
his preaching — his death — Remarks on the Biographic 
Sketches, 70 

CHAPTER VIL 

Spread of the brethren among the Germans in Pennsylvania, Vir- 
ginia and Maryland — They , preceded the Methodist — The 
reason Asbury loved Otterbein and the Brethren — Union of 
spirit between the Methodist and Brethren — Conference of 1800 

— Adoption of the name United Brethren in Christ — Elec- 
tion of Superintendents — Many large meetings held — Great 
manifestations of the power of God, 79 

CHAPTER VIIL 

Conference of 1801 — Otterbein's Conference sermon — Confer- 
ence of 1802 — The holding of great meetings a new measure 

— Love-feasts in the rise of the Church — their tendency to 
unite all Christians — Some cases of experience given — Sacra- 
mental occasions, 86 



CONTENTS . 7 

CHAPTER IX. 

Conference of 1803 — Meeting at Shopps — Removal west of the 
Allegheny mountains — The power of the spirit of God — The 
Brethren Church identified with a blessed work of grace — 
Conference of 1804 — Sacramental meeting at Antietum — 
Doctor Senseny of Virginia and family — Con. of 1805 — 
Election of Bishops, 96 

CHAPTER X. 

Review of an account of Wm. Otterbein and Martin Boehm, 
which will be found in the Methodist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 210 
249 — Stating that it was furnished at the special request of 
Bishop Asbury some time before his death, by his friend F. 
Hollingsworth who transcribed the bishop's journal; and which 
will also be found in the history of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, by Nathan Bangs, D. D., Vol II, p. 365 376, , 106 

CHAPTER XL 

Friendly correspondence with the Methodist Episcopal Church, . 113 

CHAPTER XII. 

Bro. Peter Kemp — his death — John Hershey — character — 
death — Death of Martin Boehm — Conference of 1812 — 
Close of the life of G. A. Guething, 127 

CHAPTER XIII. 

Remarks on the character of William Otterbein — he was no par- 
tisan — his purity — conversation — mode of living — kindness 
to the poor — closing scene of his life — his burial — Bishop 
Asbury's sermon in Otterbein's Church after his death — In- 
scription on his tombstone, 132 

CHAPTER XIV. 

After the death of Otterbein, the Pa. Conference supplied the Ot- 
terbein Church — Attempt to effect a union between the United 
Brethren and the Evangelical Association, 142 

CHAPTER XV. 

Discipline — various efforts to form and publish a printed disci- 
pline — First General Conference — The sky not entirely clear 



D CONTENTS. 

— clouds pass away ■ — Confession of faith and rules of disci- 
pline adopted — Remarks on the confession of faith — Remarks 
on the section in reference to Bishops — On Secret Societies — 
On Slavery, 145 

CHAPTER XVI. 

Why have the United Brethren remained in a great measure, un- 
known to the English community — • United Brethren labored 
first among the Germans — Success among the English — Gen- 
eral Conference of 1817 — General Conference of 1821 ■ — An 
act passed on Slavery — on ardent spirits — Election of Bishops 



CHAPTER XVII. 

'General Conference of 1825 — • Questions proposed to candidates 
for the ministry — Ordination of Bishops omitted — Salary of 
Bishops — Delegates appointed to attend certain Conferences of 
the M E. Church — Salary of preachers — Persecution — 
John G. Prifmer — close of his life — Biographical Sketch of 
Abraham Mayer, _. -. 1 64 

CHAPTER XVIII. 

General Conference of 1 829 — Presiding Elders to be elected for 
one year — Close of the life of Bishop Newcomer — General 
Conference of 1833 • — Affirmation — The Telescope — Consti- 
tution, 176 

CHAPTER XIX. 

.Christian Grosh — Felix Light — Martin Crider — Christian 
and Abraham Heshey — Christian Berger — Fourney — Ken- 
egy — Bortsfield — Crum — Lewis Cramer — J. C. McNamer 
A. Zeller — Jacob Baulus — D. Tryer — H. Kumler — Joseph 
Hoffman — Concluding Remarks — Confession of faith — Con- 
jstitution, .. • 187 



HISTORY OP THE CHURCH 



OF THE 



UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST 



CHAPTER I. 

Civil History*— Sacred History — * Scriptures — - Sources of truth — • 
Formal state of the Church — > Declension of th« Church — God's 
reproof— Causes which induced our fathers to settle tliis country— 
Their views were narrow — Religious liberty restricted - — Reform* 
ation yet necessary^ 

Civil History, which in the main treats of kingdoms 5 
and empires founded, and again destroyed; of Sages, 
Statesmen, a,nd Rulers, wise and unwise, virtuous and 
vicious ; some ruling with moderation and justice, 
others with a despotism and profligacy, which made 
the world groan with their oppression, and garments 
rolled in blood, — is, nevertheless, sought after, and 
read with interest and avidity. And why ? In it we 
behold clearly the great and important timth, thnt the 
Almighty Lord and Sovereign, in power, in justice, 
in wisdom, righteousness and goodness, governs this 
world. 

The pages of Sacred History furnish us with equal, 
if not with still more striking evidences of the divine 

9 



10 HISTORY OF THE CHUKCH OF 

majesty and power, and show in a much clearer 
light, the holiness of his attributes and character, the 
purity of his moral law and g-avernment. Sacred 
history, both ancient and modern, abounds with the 
sublimest truths, and the most indisputable evidences' 
that God ever presided in, and over his Church and 
chosen people on earth. That he knoweth all her 
counsels and deliberations, — her sorrows and her 
trials, and the afflictions which she has suffered or 
endured. Her pages testifi/ that his eye hath followed 
her through all her mutations, — that his great mercy 
and love have sustained and cheered her in her 
onw^ard course. And does not the same history 
record and perpetuate many displays, and interposi- 
tions of Divine Providence in behalf of the Church, 
which stand — ■ and will forever stand as memorable 
relations of His Almighty goodness, love and power? 
Nor can a reflecting mind revert to them for a moment ^ 
and not feel a sense of reverence and sacred awe. Ta 
make a reflection : In ancient history, see Moses 
before Pharaoh, — Elias before Ahab. In modern^ 
see Paul before Felix, — and still nearer, see Martin 
Luther before Charles the V. How visible, the invis- 
ible Divine Presence in each case. 

In this way we have presented unto us, as models 
of virtue and piety, those great and good men, the 
Lord was pleased to select at diff'erent periods, and as 
chosen vessels, armed with all the armor of the gospel^ 
and the power of the Holy Ghost, to go before in the 
glorious work of reformation. 

The investigation and dissemination of the scrip- 



THE UyiTED BRETHREy EN* CHRIST. 11 

lures of triitti. are among the noblest and best em- 
ployments of men. It is that labor, which yields a 
hundredfold; and to the great and incessant dissemi- 
nations of these truths, the Protestant Christian 
Churches in these United States are infinitely indebted 
for the exalted position which they have reached, 
during the last half century, and which they enjoy at 
this period of time. 

It may be observed, that truths may be gathered 
from many and various sources ; yet they are chiefly 
derived from, and found. 1st. In the volume of in- 
spiration: ^d. In the records of experience, and 3d. 
In the volume of nature. But to speak of the last, 
would be foreign to the present subject. The records 
of inspiration, and of experience are so intimately 
connected. that it is impossible to explain the one 
without the other. Between them there is a corres- 
ponding harmony ; for the author of the first, is the 
parent and ruler of the second. The moral laws of 
God's kingdom embodied in the blessed Word, are 
again experinuntally written out in the hearts of the 
obedient. 

This first book — theScriptura Sacra, (Holy Scrip- 
ture.) the Church may hold fast to, venerate and honor,, 
teach with solenmit^' and pomp, and maintain a close 
adherence to the external rituals which it imposes.. 
And yet, according to the doctruie of experience as 
taught in the same book, while the Church has a form 
of godhness, she may want the power, and the influ- 
ence of iliat word which enhghtens and purifies the 
hearts and minds of the children of men. Hence^ 



12 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

even in the absence of all other causes, such a Church 
must needs want a knowledge of her forma/ state, and 
if possible, be brought to see it, and to feel it, in order 
that she may repent — reti^ace her erring steps, and 
again be made alive unto God, by faith and good 
works unto salvation, in Jesus Christ. 

" The very term reformation is significant." Had 
the Church remained free from error, and the corrupt- 
ing influences of the world and worldly minded men, 
she would never have stood in need of reform. Men 
of weak minds, and of a still weaker faith, with a love 
of the forbidden things of this world, have always 
been easily led aside, by the insidious smiles of the 
deceitful and double minded ; and the fearful {cowardly) 
by the frowns, or menacing attitude of the direct 
enemies and opposers of God — the spread of right- 
eousness, holiness, and truth. 

Nor is this to be wondered at, when we consider the 
fallen state of man, and the reproof of Him whose 
Omniscient eye is equally upon all, and who has said, 
'" They err in their hearts.''^ Errors in the heart, may 
produce errors in faith and practice. 

The declension of the Church, and the reproof of 
Ike Spirit, is fully and awfully written out, and 
portrayed in the Apocalypse, and in language as 
pointed as it is humiliating on the side of the Church, 
or Chmxhes. The first decline noted and complained 
.of, is,. a want of love. Thou hast left thy first love. 
The &econd,false doctrine, which the spirit says, sedu- 
.cedsometosingreviously. 3d. Blinded by ease and 
affluence, they hecanne proud , and entertained a high 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 13 

opinion of themselves, saying, we need nothing, — 
need neither God nor the gracious influence of his 
Holy Spirit, any longer. Here the cup was full, and a 
Church is exhibited without God, Chiist, and the Holy 
Spu'it; yet she at the same time esteems herself 
complete, so much so, that she says — -I am rich, and 
have need of nothing. And why nothing? Because 
she was rich. Query. — Rich in what? Perhaps rich in 
numbers ; rich in the costliness of her temples ; rich 
in silver and gold ; and lastly, perhaps rich in power. 
Here we may learn, that a Church may have much 
to shine and dazzle in the eye of the world ; but what is 
she ? When weighed in the balance of the sanctuary, 
an unerring Judge pronounces her to be 1st. wretched; 
2d, miserable ; 3d, poor; 4th, blind, and 5th, naked — 
Rev. 3-17. Here is the personification of a Church, 
abject, destitute and afflicting to the highest degree. 
The Shepherds and the flock alike exhorted and 
reproved. And yet who ? What Pastors ? What 
Church or people, have ever acknowledged it as 
descriptive of their moral state and religious condi- 
tion ? 

Ah! memorable words, ^^ I have somewhat against 
theeV^ — " Remember therefore from whence thou art 
FALLEN, and repent !" 

'Tis true, intolerance and oppression, civil and 
ecclesiastical, were the causes which drove our fore- 
fathers to this land, at a period when the passage 
across the mighty ocean, was both hazardous and 
long, and at a time when on reaching this continent, 
they expected to be met by the red man, and the wild 



14 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

beast, and would of necessity have to forego many 
comforts, and endure many privations, dangers and 
toils. But these were sweetened by the hope of 
finding a home not overshadowed by the raven wing 
of a cruel Priesthood, nor the oppressive laws of 
bloody Princes; and where they might enjoy the wor- 
ship of God with the freedom of angels, and their 
posterity possess — 

" A land of corn, and wine, and oil, 
Favored with God's peculiar smile, 
With every blessing blest." 

But notwithstanding the fact, that they had so 
recently ^^^ from persecution and bondage, and as 
it were, been brought from darkness to light, it would 
appear they entertained no enlarged views of relig- 
ious freedom, and spiritual liberty; nor of an enlarged 
christian liberality towards each other, as various 
Churches. None sought to make advances in fellow- 
ship and brotherly love, beyond the precincts of 
their own. It is not meant here to show up the 
christian Churches of that now distant period, in an 
unfavorable light ; but merely to afford the reader 
some faint idea, how creeds, forms and customs, 
when held sacred and inviolate as they have been 
held and viewed, and watched with a jealous eye, 
not only kept Churches far apart, but deprived them, 
both pastors and people, of the sweet enjoyments 
and social delights, which a spirit of reciprocal 
friendship will produce, and which when cultivated 
^nd felt, gives a pleasing foretaste of that future 
state of blessedness, reserved for the righteous, and 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 15 

which friendship and love is so essential to the 
prosperity and success of the cause of God and 
truth, and the conversion of the people. * 

What reformation will yet have to take place, 
in the christian Church in general, and in particular, 
until she is free — free from partiality — free from 
bigotry and sectarianism — free from the shackles of 
human creeds and traditions — freeivora the blighting 
influence of the dogmas and cold formalities of by- 
gone ages — free from being rent and torn asunder 
^ — ''^free to harmonize," to love and flow together, 
until it will be said again in verity and in truth, see 
how these christians love. And yet we shall soon 
introduce the reader to the dawn of a reformation 
embracing the ground work of the just named par- 
ticulars, and to scenes and exhibitions of divine 
grace, love and power, manifested in the conversion of 
men, — the joy and friendship of these converts, in 
social and divine worship, and in the common walks 
of life, to a degree which had not been witnessed for 
a long succession of years, and which again wrung 
the characteristic expression from a gazing world, 
see ! how these love ! 



* [This an important remark. The union of the people of God is 
essential to the success of truth, and the conversion of the world. The 
blessed Jesus in the awful night before his crucifixion, in that solemn 
and ever memorable prayer, — said: Neither pray I for these alone ; 
"but for them also that shall believe on me through their word, that 
they all may be one ^ * * * That the world may believe that tJiou 
kastsentme.] [Ed. 



16 HISTORY OP THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER II. 



Eighteenth century preparatory of events to be unfolded in the nine- 
teenth — The gospel in the hands of a living ministry — -Biographic 
Sketch of William Otterbem — his parentage ■ — early life — educa- 
tion — ordiaiatimi to the ministry — earnestness of his preaching — - 
removal to America — settlement in Lancaster, &c., ■ — Is fully 
blessed — ■ The germ of the work to which he was called, appears — ■■ 
His labors — Evening meetings — Opposition. 

The eighteenth century was every way preparatory 
of events to be more fully unfolded in the nineteenth. 
These events have signally displayed the excellency 
of the moral government of God, in the exhibitions 
of divine grace, and the great and glorious results 
of that grace in its blessed effects upon the hearts 
and minds of men, quickening their faith, making 
alive their experience, giving consistency to their 
practice, and causing the gospel to be preached, as 
it were afresh by the " chosen vessels of the Lord." 
And they have tended to dispel and roll away moral 
darkness — that thick and gross darkness, which 
had enshrouded churches, pastors and people too 
long. And through the men raised up and the means 
employed, the springs of heavenly grace were open- 
ed anew, and additional light was brought from the 
word, furnishing unerring guides to ignorant and 
benighted minds, leading them " to the light and 
wisdom of the just." Reforming thousands and thou- 
sands, and reclaiming from the vices, and prevailing 



THE UNITED BEETHREX IN CHRIST. 17 

sinful practices, which had enchained too many. 
This exhibition of gi-ace, was the means of convey- 
ing to all classes of men. a new stream of heavenly 
light, and raised up that host of living ^^itnesses, 
who were ever ready on all suitable occasions, to 
testify that God had power on earth to forgive sins, 
and to shed his love abroad in the hearts of the 
children of men. The preaching of the gospel, in 
the hands of this hving ministry, was attended with 
great power. Indeed no one could be an idle, or 
uninterested spectator, of that which was passing 
before him. Such a mingling of cries — of weeping 
— and of joy, caused a heart believing in God"s 
converting power, to bear witness, and to join in 
the Apocalyptic exclamation: — •• And I heard as it 
were, the voice of a great multitude, and as the 
voice of many waters, saving Alleluia, the Lord God 
Omnipotent reigneth."' 

To this important work, the great Head of the 
Church, was pleased to call with others, the Rev. 
Wilham Otterbein, and Martin Boehm. the first an 
ordained minister in the German Reformed Church ; 
the second en^re achev in full staiiding in the Mennoite 
Society'. 

Wilham Otterbein was born in Nassau, Dillenburg, 
in Germany. March 6th, A. D. 1726. His parents 
were eirdnently pious. Love to God — reverence and 
obedience to Ms holy law and precepts, were char- 
acteristics of the Otterbein family, as also the holy 
office of the ministr}-. A brother older than WiUiam, 
was a minister, and the author of a book on experi- 



18 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

mental and practical religion. To his parental train- 
ing, and to the breathing of a heavenly atmosphere 
from a child up, it is but just to trace the early piety 
of Mr. Otterbein, and which we are authorized to 
say, never left him ; but like a stream, grew deeper 
and wider as life advanced. 

The divine impress — "holiness to the Lord," was 
so strongly marked on the man, as to inspire the 
beholder with that respect, which true greatness, and 
a heart full of benevolence commands, as a tribute 
of praise — • not, it is true, to the individual who is 
but man, — but to Him who is thus pleased to set his 
seal on the brow of a faithful and beloved servant. 

It was said of a certain crowned head, that the 
King was visible in him, even in a beggars dress — 
even so the preacher, the man of God, was visible 
in him of whom we speak. He was one of those 
whose very lineaments appear to be illuminated, as 
from a light within; and whose presence bespeaks 
the anointed of the Lord. 

Devoted to the Lord, as a son, his parents, in 
order that on their part nothing might be wanting, 
afforded him a classical education, embracing accor- 
ding to the rigid rules of the German divines; Latin, 
Greek, Hebrew, Philosophy and Divinity. These 
being accomplished to the satisfaction of his Seniors 
in Theology, and in the Church, he was admitted to 
holy orders, and solemnly ordained and set apart to 
the work of the ministry, in the Church in which he 
had been brought up. 

This brings us to the threshhold of a mostimpor- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 19 

tant period of his life; and we find Mr. Otterbein 
making his first essay in preaching and discharging 
the duties of the pastoral office, in his native town. 
It was soon seen, that no ordinary measure of grace 
was committed unto him. The zeal, the devotion, 
the earnestness, with which he met these new duties, 
surprised his friends, and astonished the hearers. In 
reproof he spared neither rank nor class. His zeal, 
his devotion, his earnestness, and with all his free- 
dom in preaching the word, was not without effect. 
It gave room to censure and applause. While some 
approved and encouraged the young preacher, 
others would say — " No ! — such a sermon, such 
burning words, and from so young a minister ! To 
be reproved, admonished, and exhorted by him, ! ! 
and in such a way ! What does he mean by faith? 
justification by faith ? Does he mean that we are 
no christians? Oh ! ! !" His friends advised him to 
speak more cautiously, more calmly ; to moderate 
his voice, his fervency, until he had become more 
exercised in the pulpit ; with intimations that they 
nevertheless loved him and his manner of preaching. 
This was especially true of his pious mother. Op- 
position and clamor, however, had but a tendency to 
add force to his arguments, in directing his hearers 
from a cold formality, to the life and power of our 
holy religion. To witness the good impressions this 
made on some, was encouraging. But with it came 
also fiery trials, and heavy exercises of mind. The 
high in power, and from whose decision there was 
no earthly appeal, united their authority, with those 



20 HISTORY OF THE CHUECH OF 1752 

who felt themselves too sharply reproved, and dropped 
some hints concerning the danger of incurring their 
displeasure, recommending at the same time a more 
reserved mode of preaching. To these Mr. Otter- 
bein paid no attention at the time; the rather 
he waxed stronger in spirit and love of preaching 
Christ. Under preaching, some wept, in silence, till 
he himself could not suppress a tear. * This in- 
creased the opposition, and the authority was pri- 
vately solicited to arrest his preaching for a season; 
" Ah !" said his beloved mother, " I expected this, 
and give you joy. This place is too narrow for you 
my son ; they will not receive you here ; you will 
find your work elsewhere." She was often heard to 
say, " My William will have to be a missionary, he 
is so frank, so open, so natm'al, so prophet like." 
*' But misssionary where ? To what land, what 
people, mother, shall I go ?" Oh ! she would reply. 
^' Be patient, preach us another sermon, — will wait 
the Lord's time." And it came sooner than they 
could have wished. 

Be it remembered that at that period, the Churches, 
i. e. Lutheran and German Reformed, in this country, 
were nearly, if not altogether dependent, for a supply 
of preachers, on the parent country. One day his 
elder brother received a pressing solicitation for 
help, from a friend in this country, (Pennsylvania,) 
stating the destitution of ministers here ; and that the 

* The German divines, as a school, had ere that time acquired hard- 
ness of heart sufficient to enable them not to drop a tear officially. To 
them the gospel of Jesus Christ is a tearless theme to this day. "Jesus 
wept" that man might weep. 



1752 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 21 

people were in many places, as sheep without a 
shepherd; and if possible to send them spiritual 
help, (Geistliche Huilfe.) 

This was enough. But to part from that mother, 
or rather that mother to part with her beloved son, 
was after all rather too much for her maternal heart. 
She hastened to her closet, and after being relieved 
by tears and prayer, she came from her chamber 
strengthened, and taking her William by the handy 
and pressing that hand to her bosom, she said, " Go, 
the Lord bless thee, and keep thee — the Lord cause 
his face to shine upon thee, and wnth much grace 
direct thy steps. On earth I may not see thy face 
again, after we part, — but go." 

In the year 1752, William Otterbein's ministry 
commenced in the Borough (now City.) of Lancaster, 
State of Pennsylvania. For the sake of order, we 
will take some brief notice of the first years of his 
ministerial labors in the German Reformed Church, 
and location of the several congregations over which 
he assumed the pastoral care. 

1st, Lancaster; 2d, Tulpahocldng, Berks Co., Pa, 
3d, Fredericktown, Maryland; 4th, Little York; 
and 5th, in the city of Baltimore ; where we find him 
in the year 1774, organizing a separate and indepen- 
dent Church. This work was interrupted by the 
war-, which broke out about the same time ; but was 
again resumed, and consummated by adopting a con- 
stitution, and disciplinary form, for their Church 
government in the year 1785, as will be shown here- 
after. 



22 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Of Mr. Otterbein's time in Lancaster, little is now 
known, except from testimony collected by the writer 
many years since, from then yet living witnesses, in 
Lancaster and vicinity. Those witnesses in Lan- 
caster county, several of whom were the fruits, if 
not the very first fruits of his gospel labors, gave 
evidence to the distinguished zeal and devotion 
which he manifested in his Master's work in that 
place. One of whom it is notimproperto introduce 
in this place, viz; Rev. Frederick SchaefFer, who 
subsequently became a useful preacher, and who for 
many years, and to the close of his life, at advanced 
age, stood firm as a preacher in the Brethren Church. 

One circumstance of Otterbein's life in Lancaster, 
merits a special notice here. It may well be con- 
ceived, and from what we have said of his early 
piety, and his manner of preaching, that if not 
already fully blest with the pardoning love of God 
when he came to this country, the time could not be 
distant, when the Lord would add to his seal the 
baptismal gift of the Holy Ghost. And this was no 
doubt, for an all-wise purpose, destined to take place 
where it did, in Lancaster, not long after he came to 
that place. 

How strange, yet true : From this important 
circumstance in his life, may be dated, a dissenting 
from him, of some of his ministerial and other breth- 
ren in the Church, gradually taking place. And 
this dissenting increased and widened as time ad- 
vanced, and as he contended earnestly, not so much 
for the formularies of the Church, as for the faith, 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 2S 

the living justifying faith once delivered to the saints, 
(Lebendigen, rechtfertigenden Glauben^ dei^ einmal den 
Heiligen vorgegehen ist.) 

From Lancaster we find him next in Tulpahock- 
ing, Berks county, Pa., where his field of labor was 
much enlarged; "and here it is, where more efiec- 
" tually and deeply the out lines and germs, became 
" apparent, and took root through his instrumentality, 
" and which, though he knew it not, would in time, 
" separate him from a Church which he venerated 
*' and loved, and by the force of circumstances, 
" cause him with the assistance and co-operation of 
''Brethren converts, which the Lord gave him, to 
" gather living stones, which were in due time to be 
"built up into a Church, to the living God. Yea." 

*' The living stones shall sing and rise, 
And reach a City in the skies, 
The new Jerusalem." 

Not content with preaching on the Sabbath only, 
he made it his duty between the Sabbath days, to 
visit the families who attended his preaching, con- 
verse with them on religion, advise, admonish, 
reprove or encourage and cheer, as circumstances 
would demand ; and then to sing and pray before 
leaving the house. Next to this, he would hold 
meeting on evenings in the week. On these occa- 
sions, his custom was to read a portion of Scripture 
— make some practical remarks on the same, and 
exhort all present, to give place to serious reflections. 
He would then sing a sacred hymn, and invite all by 
kneeling, to accompany him in prayer. At first, 



24 HISTORY OF THE CHUUCH OF 

and for some time, but few, if any, would kneel, and 
he was left to pray alone. This item in the history, 
although small, affords a glimpse of the low state 
of religion, and the moral darkness, united with 
ignorance, he had to contend with. After prayer, 
he would endeavor to gain access to their hearts, by 
addressing them individually, with words of tender- 
ness and love. As might be expected, the seed thus 
sown and watered, God would sooner or later own 
and bless, and cause it to spring up and bear fruit. 

But as the effects began to appear by some man- 
ifesting a serious concern for the salvation of their 
souls, by weeping and mourning on account of their 
lost estate, these special and new meetings began to 
be called in question. Some approved of them, — oth- 
ers shunned them. "What," said they! ''The preach- 
er, and men and women, kneel and pray, and weep, 
and call upon God and Jesus, to have mercy on 
them ! Who ever heard of such a thing ?" And yet 
it was heard and seen now in a small way, and by a 
small beginning. Thank God it teas begun. It 
brought blessings from heaven, and reproaches from 
men, including some preachers and pastors. 

That these meetings, if they ever had a place in 
the primitive Churches, which no christian will be 
willing to doubt or deny, had been lost to the christian 
Church, for many long years, is true. And now they 
were about to be revived, and like a long lost treasure, 
restored again, creating no small joy and comfort to 
the true believer in Jesus Christ. 

How could the Protestant Churches and Societies, 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 25 

have forgotten the Scriptures on prayer? Yet it 
appears they had forgotten them, or neglected them 
sadly. We said pastors, preachers, and people, did 
not relish these social meetings for prayer : they 
viewed them as an innovation, and a custom not 
known to the Churches. In answer to these objec- 
tions. Scripture authority was introduced, some of 
which we will notice. " O come let us worship and 
bow down — let us kneel before the Lord our Maker." 
(Psalms 95: 6.) " Even them will I bring to my holy 
mountain, and make them joyful in my house of 
prayer ; for mine house shall be called a house of 
prayer for all people." — (Isaiah. 56: 7.) " That at 
the name of Jesus every knee should bow ;" " For 
this cause I bow my knee unto the Father." " I will 
therefore, that men pray everywhere." — (Paul.) 
" Where two ot three are gathered together in my 
name." — -(Jesus:) "Which are the prayers of the 
saints." — (Rev. 5:8. 8:3.) Nevertheless this kneel- 
ing, this praying, met with much and decided 
opposition, and from none more decided fhan those 
who from their office and calling, shoufld have given 
it their undivided support. 

Reflection. Social and vocail prayer in the 
"Churches, and Societies of christians, — praying with 
the spirit of meekness and pure love, w^ill produce 
one of the strong cords of the bond of union, and 
communion of the saints on earth. It is one of the 
connecting links between the creature and Creator, 
the receiver and the Benefactor, the Saviour and sav- 
ed. It is the solaceof a troubled spirit, for it dispels the 

S 



26 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

clouds that hang over us so frequently. By prayer 
the mind anticipates its future destiny in peace. 
It stimulates to a life of virtue and piety, and to the 
performance of acts of kindness to our fellow men. 
Social as well as private prayer, affords some of the 
sweetest and best supports, amidst the trials and 
sorrows of life. In losses, in bereavements, deep, 
dark, and desolate; wealth gone, friends gone, health 
gone, comforts fled, — prayer, sustained by hope, tar- 
ries with us, and afi'ords substantial comfort. 

" 'Tis the christian's vital breath, 

The christian's native air ; 
His watchword at the gate of death, 

He enters Heaven by prayer." 

These meetings, with the sanction of scripture 
and the practice of primitive Christianity, afforded 
important advantages to the rise and progress of 
this reformation among the people. This truth is 
most strongly attested by witnesses on earth, and 
saints in heaven ; and it remains yet to be proven, 
whether the reformation of the world can be prose- 
cuted with any degree of success, or a Church how- 
ever well established, maintain her vitality, continue 
a light to the world, and be instrumental in the 
conversion of sinners, in the absence of these meet- 
ings as secondary means of grace. 



TEE UNITSD BRETHI^EN IN CBRIST. 27 



CHAPTER III. 



Martin Boehm — parents — connexion with the Mennonite Society — 
his call to the ministry, and conversion given in his own words — 
Removal of Mennonite families to Va. M. Boehm goes to Virginia. 
Converts of George Whitefield ■ — A case to illustrate many — En- 
couragement received by Boehra in Va. — Years of joy — The word 
lost — Boehm's labors enlarged — The breaking out of the war — • 
Boehm and Otterbein brought together — Assembly of christians of 
all denominations at a great meeting. "We are United Brethren. "^ 

Before we proceed to notice more fully the provi- 
dential circumstances under which the Church of 
the United Brethren in Christ was eventually formed, 
it is important to give some particulars of the life 
and labors of Brother Martin Boehm, as having 
been one of the chief instruments in carrying for- 
ward the purpose of God, in purifying his Church, 
-and awakening sinners. 

Martin Boehm was born in Lancaster county Pa., 
A. D. 1725, of religious parents; they ^being members 
of the Mennonite society. His parents were pious 
and strict observers of the rules of the society to 
which they belonged. Martin was accordingly rais- 
ed and brought up under the same religious influ- 
ence ; and in due time, by baptism and partaking 
of the Lord's supper, was made a member of the 
Mennonite Church. 

Fully contented with his brethren, and religious 
profession, he Kved blameless; that is, without sinning 
knowingly according to the light he then had ; until 



28 HISTOEY GF THE €HURCH OF 1758' 

in the thirty-second year of his age, a preacher was 
to be chosen in the immediate society of which he 
was a member, according to the custom of the 
Mennonites, that is, by lot. 

The writer will now give M. Boehm's own relation 
and as nearly in his own words, as the idiom of 
language will allow in translating: He went on to 
say that when nominated, he had neither desire nor 
wish, that the lot might take him. That he earn- 
estly besought his brethren to nominate some other 
one, better than himself. This however, was not 
done, and the moment came when each nominee was 
to step forth, and take a book. " I stepped out with 
trembling, saying inwardly. Lord not me, I am too 
poor." The books were opened and the lot or token 
was his. Believing as he did, that this lot falls by 
divine appointment, he did not feel himself at liberty 
to dissent or refuse, but felt constrained to take upon 
himself the office of the ministry, as best he could, 
— (Acts 1: 26. 

" According to our usage, it was not expected from 
me to preach immediately thereafter, because our 
elder preacher was stilL able to preach ; t)ut it was 
my duty to assist him in preaching and exhortation; 
as God would give me ability. I had been reading 
the Scriptures much, but now read them still more, 
and with care, in order to impress their reading on. 
my memory, so that I might have something where- 
with to preach or exhort. Sunday came, the elder 
brother preached, and in attempting to follow him 
by a word of exhortation, I failed, although for some 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 29 

awo years past, I had been giving testimony at the 
Kjlose of the sermons, and frequently concluded the 
meeting. I continued reading. The next Sabbath 
I was requested to take part, and rose up, but could 
say little or nothing. I had charged my mind and 
memory, with some Scripture passages, but when 
wanted, could not bring them to my recollection. I 
prayed to the Lord to assist me in retaining his word, 
and strengthen me in my great weakness, that to 
some extent at least, I might answer ' his call.' 

" Some months passed in this way, but it came not. 
This state began deeply to distress me. To be a 
preacher, and yet have nothing to preach, nor to 
-say, but stammer out a few words, and then be obhged 
to take my seat in shame and remorse! I had faith 
in prayer, and prayed more fervently. While thus 
engaged in prayer earnestly for aid to preach, the^ 
thought rose up in my mind, or as though one spoke 
io me, saying, ^ You pray for grace to teach others 
the way of salvation, and you have not prayed for 
your own salvation.' This thought or word did not 
leave me. My salvation followed me wherever I 
went. I felt constrained to pray for myself, and 
while praying for myself, my mind became alarmed. 
I felt and saw myself a poor sinner. I was lost. 
My agony became great. I was ploughing in the 
field, and kneeled down at each end of the furrow, 
to pray. The word lost, lost, (verlohren,) went every 
round with me. Midway in the field I could go no 
further, but sank behind the plough, crying, Lord 
save, I ^m lost ! — and again the thought or voice 



30 HJSTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 17SS 

said, * I am come to seek and to save that which' is 
lost.' In a moment a stream; of joy was pom*ed 
over me. I praised the Lord, and left the field, and 
told my companion what joy 1 felt. 

" As before tMs, I wished the Sabbath far off, now I 
wished it was to-morrow. Sunday came: the elder 
brother preached, I rose to tell my experience, 
since my call to the ministry. When speaking 
of my lost estate^ and agony of mind, some began 
to weep in the congregation. This gave me en~ 
com-agement to speak of our fall and lost condition, 
and of repentance. The Sabbath following it was 
the same, and nrnch more. Before I was done, I 
found myself in the midst of the congregation, 
where some were weeping aloud I 

" This caused considerable commotion in our 
Church, as well as among the people generally. It 
was all new; none of us had heard or seen it before. 
A new creation appeared to rise up before me, and 
around me. Now Scripture, before mysterious, and 
like a dead letter to me, was plain of interpretation, 
'was all spirit, all life,' {cdles geistund lehen.) 

*' like a dream, old things had passed away, and it 
seemed as if I had awoke to new Ife, new thoughts, 
new faith, new love. I rejoiced and praised God 
with my whole heart. This joy, this faith, this love, 
I wished to communicate to those around me, but 
when speaking thereof, in public or in private, it 
made different impressions on different persons. 
Some gave a mourful look, some sighed and wept, 
and would say, ' Oh I Martin, are we indeed lost ?' 



1761 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 31 

" Yes, man {der mensch) is lost ! Christ will never 
find us, till we know that we are lost. My wife was 
the next lost sinner that felt the same joy, the same 
love. " 

It was a rich treat, to hear this father in Israel, tell 
of his call to the ministry; how he shrank from it 
when proposed, and how it resulted in his finding 
Jesus, the lost sinners' friend, and the joy he felt 
when the burden of sin was taken away. Of this 
he loved to speak in his old age, and would recur to 
it with an animation peculiar to himself. To see 
his eyes light up and his whole countenance assume 
for the time a youthful appearance, in contrast with 
his snowy locks, and rich white beard, was a 
sight, a pen dipt in liquid light could not describe : 
it had to be seen to be appreciated. " Now I am," he 
would say, " a servant and a child of God. When this 
took place, I knew of no one who had felt, and enjoy- 
ed the sweet influence of the love of God in the heart, 
but Nancy Keagy, my mother's sister. In our fam- 
ily connection and in her immediate neighborhood, 
she was known as a very pious woman, and she was 
pious." This is the Martin Boehm, chosen of God, 
to whom, second to William Otterbein, the rise of the 
United Brethren Church is justly due. 

M. Boehm's call to the ministry, and his conver- 
sion soon after, took place in the year 1758. 

From the year 1750, to 1760, numerous Mennonite 
families removed from the State of Pennsylvania, to 
what was then called New Virginia, and dispersed 
themselves through Frederick, Shenandoah, Rock- 



32 HISTORY OF THE OHFROH OF 1761 

ingham, and Augusta counties. Owing to their 
disper&ed state, and the newness of the settlements, 
they were destitute of preaching generally, and par- 
ticularly of their own choice. Of this they had 
little but what was afforded by preachers visiting 
them from the State of Pennsylvania. In the year 
1761, brother M. Boehm was called to Virginia, by 
some of his Mennonite brethren, who resided there. 
But previous to his being called to that place, some 
converts of the eminent George Whitefield had 
reached New Virginia, and commenced preach- 
ing a present salvation. With others, some mem- 
bers of the Mennonite families became seriously 
affected, through the preaching of these " new- 
lights," so called for the want of a name. 

Now here the Germans were in a dilemma, which 
in their opinion, and according to the light they had, 
required the presence and advice of those in whom 
they had confidence, that is, their own preachers. 
Hence the call of Martin Boehm at this particular 
time. To illustrate, we will select a case which will 
answer in place of many, characteristic of the 
state and views of religion among the Germans at 
that period. 

The daughter of a brother Keller had become 
much affected, by hearing. the "new lights" preach 
on one or two occasions. There in that house of 
Bro. K.'s you see a young person apparently in 
deep distress, although surrounded by kind parents, 
neighbors, and friends, who in. their turn, endeavor 



1761 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 33 

by words and arguments, to cheer, chide, or laugh 
the mourner into a pleasant mood. 

" Well," said the kind father, for he was in his 
way of thinking a good man, and a good christian 
in the Mennonite sense of the word, " well my child, 
what ails you ? Are you sick ? Do you wish to have 
a physician? 

" No, dear father, no doctor, my heart is sick." 

" Say not so, your heart is not sick." 

" O my heart, my heart is sick. God is displeased 
with me. O my father what shall I do. I am lost!" 

This agony of mind, distressed the good parents 
much ; but how the daughter should be sick at heart 
— why God should be displeased with their child, 
and why or how this dear daughter could be lost, 
was in no way clear to them. Yet evidently she 
was suffering not unlike a criminal about to be de- 
livered into the hands of justice, crying for mercy, 
often saying, " O is there no mercy for me ?" The 
best and the only reply she received was, " you are 
not lost. God loves you. Mercy — what do you 
mean by mercy ? You are not wicked — never 
was. You are a believer. Come now, no more 
crying. Why ? Wherefore do you weep ?" 

This was repeated to her so often, that she finally 
sat in silence, and the fountain of tears either be- 
came exhausted, or refused to come to her relief. 
No one came to pray with her, and direct her mind 
to the blessed Saviour. 

At this crisis Boehm arrived. After salutations 
had passed, and refreshments taken, Boehm in con- 



34 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1761 

versation with Keller, inquired how matters stood in 
religion. K. replied, " Most of us are doing well, 
but some new doctrine has of late been preached by 
men here about, which has caused some disturb- 
ance among us." 

" And what do those men preach ?" 

" What they preach is rather more than I can tell 
you, but it is different from what we have ever 
heard. Our daughter about two months since, was 
to their meeting, and has not been like herself 
since. 

" And for two months she has been to no preach- 
ing?" 

" No, we could not think of letting her go, and have 
wished she had never heard those people. And as 
we have wrote to you, there are others of our people 
just like her, melancholy and dejected, and all we 
can get them to say is, we are lost, (verlohren,) we 
have no true religion ; and for this reason we have 
sent for you, believing that they would be advised 
by our own preachers, and dismiss their gloomy 
thoughts." 

" And where is that daughter of yours ?" 

" Why," answered the mother, " there you see she 
is, and has not spoken a word to any of us to-day." 

Boehm said, he now moved his chair by her side, 
and sought to draw from herself the state and exer- 
cises of her mind. She listened to him for some time 
in silence, breathing at intervals a deep sigh. Soon 
the fountain of her tears was opened again, and she 
began to weep aloud, saying is it possible, you a 



1761 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 35 

stranger, know what I have felt and suffered for 
weeks^ and you believe that I am a sinner, that I am 
lost? 

" Yes, I know this my daughter, but I know Jesus 
came to seek and to save that which is lost; and he 
is come to find you, and to save you to night yet. 
Do you believe in Jesus ?" 

" Yes I believe there is Jesus Christ ; but have I 
not offended him ? Will he not come and judge the 
world and me ? Oh that he would but save me !" 

"Come," said Boehm, " we will kneel down and 
pray. They kneeled down. The agony of Miss K.> 
was great. She "cried. Lord save or I perish!" 

" Yes," said B., "hold to that, he will save, and 
that speedily;" and so it was. She was blest, and all 
her sorrow was gone, — dissolved in joy. 

Seeing this, her mother cried out, " Martin, Martini 
what have you done ? why did you come ? what will 
become of us now?" 

"Yes," replied her husband, " what will become of 
us? We too are lost !" 

That night was a night of maurning, and a night 
of joy for that house, for the morning light found 
them all rejoicing in the love of God! This scene 
proved a great blessing to Bro. Boehm. Before he 
left Virginia, many more were brought under the 
saving influence of the gospel of Jesus Christ. And 
thus the families speaking the German language in 
that valley, saw the dawn of that light, which since 
then, and to this day, 1850, has shone with a pecu- 
liar splendor upon the people at large in that happy 



36 HISTORY G¥ THE CHURCH <3F 1761 

region, from whence a cloud of witnesses has abeady 
passed into happier climes. 

The author himself was favored to spend a few 
happy years in that charming part of the great State 
of Virginia. A land rich in the productions of the 
earth, but more eminently rich in much that is great 
and good in the moral, social, and religious relations 
combined. From the Point of Rocks, to the Natural 
Bridge, has been formed a spanning arch-way, of 
spiritual heroes, and illustrious saints. This arch 
being one in continuation of many ; and the ever to 
be remembered camp-meetings held under that bril- 
liant arch, sending upward from thousand hearts 
and voices, the hymning praises of our great Re- 
deemer, and from whence as many more have dated 
their heavenly birth-right: and behold, and see, stili 
they come ! ! To cast back a look to the place 
whence we started, to that home of a single mourn- 
er, who for about sixty days, was left to mourn her 
lost estate, ere she received the blessing ! What a 
contrast, the present with the past ! My reader can 
you span it? O!! Virginia, what hath not God 
wrought and done for thee! 

To return toBoehm in Virginia where we left him. 
How providential, how wisely arranged are all things 
which God arranges and plans. Had Boehm came 
sooner, he would not have found so many hearts pre- 
pared to hear and receive the word of life from him. 
Had his coming been delayed, the help might have 
eome to some at least, too late. 

And as before remarked, this coming of his, at 



2761 THE UNITET> BEETHREN IN CHRIST, 27 

this time, was of great importance to himself; it 
was learning a lesson of experience from the great 
Master, which he couldnotso soon nor so effectually 
have learned at home. Hence we can well fancy 
with what feelings, with w^hat inspired thoughts and 
hopes he returned to his own. Timidity, and the 
fear of offending his elder brethren, he said, was 
much removed. He was confirmed in the truth and 
correctness of his own experience. He became sat- 
isfied that men everywhere must repent, and that 
this repentance must be accompanied by a godly 
sorrow, deeply felt; and that there can be no rest, 
no peace, no hope, and no faith, without it. He 
further remarked with much earnestness, that after 
his return, he felt " an impression, or a presentiment 
that God would visit his people, and give them re- 
pentance unto life." He had news to tell his friends 
at home, of what he had witnessed in Virginia ; that 
there too, he found and saw persons, some youngs 
and some advanced in life, w^ho felt themselves lost, 
some of whom had nearly despaired of obtaining 
grace and mercy, believing themselves the chief of 
sinners ; that many had been blest, and rejoiced in 
Jesus Christ their Saviour, before he left. He could 
tell them how affecting their parting was, — what 
sympathy, what brotherly love, what melting of 
hearts ! He never had witnessed such scenes in his 
.life before, — the simple relation of which carried 
convicted to some at the time of his return home. 

This year as well as the two years following, were 
years of joy to Bra, Boehm, while preaching repen- 



38 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1764 

tance in the spirit, and from experience. God was 
with him, and he did not preach without effect. The 
Spirit accompanied the word with power. Pungent 
convictions extorted the cry, lost, which were fol- 
lowed by happy conversions. 

Sabbath preaching was not sufficient now to sup- 
ply the wants of the many who were inquiring, — 
" What must we do ?" Hence meetings began to 
be held on week days, and some by candle-light. 
This was another step towards the great reformation; 
and here we remark as we pass, the similarity and like- 
ness of the manner in which Otterbein and Boehm 
were led on by the spirit, and providential circumstan- 
ces as they presented themselves ; and how each laid 
hold of those circumstances to promote the cause of 
God, and meet the w^ants of the people, who thirst- 
ed for salvation, and a deliverance from bondage, 
and from sin ! 

The better to satisfy our own minds of the events 
of the past, it is not sufficient simply to trace them 
historically, nor view them by the light and experi- 
ence which we now possess. In order to see them 
as they were, to know the prominent actors in these 
EVENTS, we must transfuse the shade and light, and the 
zeal of the minds of those men into our own. By 
doing this, we may realize their position, and thus 
while we read, be moved to make their thoughts, 
words, and actions, our own. If so, we can enter 
into the feelings and expressions, as they actually 
did occur, in relation to the past. Boehm himself, 
and the persons who through his instrumentality were 



1764 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 39 

blessed, had been brought to feel and know that 
they were without hope, and without God in the 
world. And as remarked before, and will be here- 
after, " This was something new." Not one of 
them had heard it, nor seen it in their lives before, 
neither in their Church nor out of it. To the distressed, 
whose conviction, remorse, the sense of guilt and 
condemnation was neither transient nor light; 
those portions of Scripture which are threatening 
and condemnatory, seemed to rise up in array before 
them ; the recollections of the past embittered the 
present ; and the present cast a shade of dismay on 
the future with, light enough to enable the mind to 
survey her dangerous position, " behind an abyss," 
" before the Judge !" Do we wonder then at the 
word lost ? An exclamation not much heard at 
present from the penitent. It was the word suitable 
to the sinner's case, and peculiarly suited to the 
time, to the benighted state, and to the sleep, the 
deep sleep, which the people without exception, 
slept. What more appropriate, more startling, than 
to hear a person in an agony of soul, and eyes suffu- 
sed with tears, cry lost! lost!! The time which 
many had to mourn, deserves likewise to be no- 
ticed. As in the case of Miss Keller, if awakened 
by the preaching of the word, the opportunity to 
hear again, like angels visits, however good, were 
few and far between. Hence the want of a proper 
guide. Friends and neighbors, kind in themselves 
in these cases, frequently proved the tormentors of 
the distressed, for they having no religious expert- 



40 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1764 

ence, believed in none. Yet beyond a doubt, there 
was still another cause. The Dispenser of all our 
blessings, knows when, and how to give. The bless- 
ing lightly obtained, might not in all cases have 
been satisfactory to the recipients, and might have left 
room for the tempter to perplex the mind, as to 
whether indeed they had passed from death unto 
life. But in these cases, the work was so clear, that 
the inexperienced and unbelieving, were constrained 
to admit that it was the work of God. 

Here is a person well known in society, of a 
cheerful disposition, and a happy temper, as to re- 
ligion, holding it in light esteem: this person becomes 
alarmed, is serious, and dejected, hiding himself to 
pray, — lay the pleasures, riches and honors of the 
world at his feet, — he refuses, he loathes them all. 
This the people must see, must know; time must be 
afforded them, to make trial of their skill in healing 
the wounded spirit, and to sound the depth of that 
sorrow, that dejection, that refusing to be comforted 
by any gift of man. " Lord save, or I perish." Such 
an one now, full of joy praising God. Such is the 
testimony of prophecy, such are the witnesses of 
Jesus Christ. 

From this time brother Boehm pursued the tenor 
of his way, preaching the gospel, and enlarging his 
labors, as much as the circumstances with which he 
was surrounded, and his situation in life would per- 
mit. But the breaking out of the war in 1775, em- 
barrassed, and hindered the spread and progress of 
this well begun work. The public mind becoming 



tHE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 41 

much agitated and absorbed in the events of the 
war, enhanced by the sufferings and privations 
which our soldiers and people had to endure, thfe 
LONG TDiE this confllct, these sufferings lasted j the 
cruelty practised by the foreign foe, prostrated the 
energies of the people to a great extent. 

It was deemed best not to interrupt the Biography 
of Boehm, after it was commenced, up to this period-. 
We find ourselves now at liberty to return to brothel 
W. Otterbein. 

But first, we mil bring Boehm and Otterbein 
together. A gresit meeting (grosze versammlung^) had 
been appointed to be held at Bro. Isaac Longs^ 
Lancaster county. Pa. Here perhaps for the first 
time on a like occasion, an assembly of christians, 
met together from far and near, — -Lutherans, Ger- 
man Reformed, Mennonites, Dunkers and others, 
coming as with one accord, and with one mind. 
Many were thus for the first time, happily brought 
together. Bro. Boehm was a man of small stature, 
wearing his beard long, and was dressed in the true 
costume of a Mennonite. Wm. Otterbein was a 
large man, showing a prominent forehead, on which 
one might see the seal of the Lord impressed. 
Boehm preached the first sermon, at the close of 
which, and before he had time to take his seat, Otter- 
bein rose up, and folding Boehm in his arms, said 
with a loud voice, " We are brethren." At this 
sight some praised God aloud, but most of the 
congregation gave place to their feelings — weeping 
for joy. This meeting, and the peculiar circum- 

4 



42 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

stances attending it under the harmonizing influence 
of the divine spirit, which operated so wonderfully 
in uniting a people of so many pre-existing orders, 
in one common bond of brotherhood under the Great 
Head of the Church, free from party strife and 
feeling, gave rise to the name of " United Brethren 
in Christ,^^ a name which the Church some time 
after, thought proper to adopt. * 

The great meetings, so called at the time, will be 
more fully noticed as we progress. 

*f This event in the rise of the Church of the United Brethren in 
Christ, has been noticed by the author in the Appendix written for 
the He Pasa Ekklesia, published by Clyde and Williams, Harrisburg, 
Pa., and subsequently republished by the Rev. John Winebrenner. In 
each a typographical error occurs in the name of the author. H. G. 
Spoyih, should read, H. G. Spayth. 



THE UNITED BRETKREN Df -CHUrST-. 



CHAPTER lY. 



43 



William Otterbein in Baltimore organizing a Chuych — Church book 
of the Evangelical Reformed Church translated from the German — 
Faber, — Wallauer — Call of Otterbein — Organization, and articles 
of constitution and discipline — Comment on the articles — No 
German Reformed minister could officiate in the Church on Howard's 
Hill — Similarity between those articles, and the present discipline 
of the United Brethren Church — Points insisted on. 

In the year 1774, as already noticed, we find Wm. 
Otterbein in the City of Baltimore, organizing a 
Church, separate and apart, in doctrine and discipli- 
nary rules from the G-erman Reformed Church, as 
will appear from what follows : 

Translated^om the original German manuscript. 

THE CHURCH BOOK OF THE EVANGELICAL REFORMED 
CHURCH. 

Howard's Hill, Baltimore. 

IN THE N'AME OF THE TRIUNl: GOD: AMEN. 

In the year 1771, there stood in the Reformed 
Church in Baltimore, a preacher by the name of 
Faber; but for as much as said Faber, not being in 
fellowship with the Reformed preachers in Pennsyl- 
vania, i. e. he was no member of the Coetu Penn- 
sylvanu,and likewiseled an offensive life, a division 
took place in this Church. In the month of October 
of said year, met the said Reformed preacher in 
Reading, Pa., where deputies from both parties of 
this divided Church attended \ here it was resolved to 



44 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

dismiss said Faber, which was done. Both parties 
agreed now unitedly to call a preacher from the 
Coetus, and offer this call to Mr. Bluhmer, but not 
accepted by him. The Coetus now resolved to send 
to the Baltimore Church, a preacher from among the 
four, which at that time, according to letters from' 
Holland, were on their way, and now daily expected. 
In the mean time, there came to Pennsylvania W. 
\'y'aUauer, but whom the Synod of Holland had not 
sent. The opposite party, without saying a word to 
the other party, contrary to the agreement and the 
resolve of the Coetus, brought him away, and re- 
ceived him as their preacher. But at the next 
Coetus, which was held in the year 1772, deputies 
from both parties attended ; and the Coetus protes- 
ted against Wallauer, and the conduct of his party, 
and that they could take no further notice of them. 
Scarcely any hope being now left for a re-union, 
the remaining members of this Church, found them- 
selves under the necessity to consider of another 
preacher, and to form a Church for themselves. 
This call was made to William Otterbein, who there 
stood in the Reformed Church in York ; but he refu- 
sed because of the disorganized circumstances; but 
after repeated solicitations, was willing, provided the 
Coetus should give consent. At the next Coetus, 
deputies from both parties appeared again, and 
before a final action in the matter with Otterbein, a 
union took place, and William Hendel proposed as 
preacher, to which the deputies of both parties con- 
sented. But a few days after the return home of the 



11774 THE UNITEB BRETHRE]^ IN CHRIST. 45 

deputies, the opposite party rejected the proposition 
and all, to which their deputies had pledged them- 
selves. The division was now greater than ajt any 
former period, ^nd the prospect of a re-union entire- 
Jy vanished, and the members of this Church, who 
had before addressed Wm. Otterbein, saw the abso- 
lute necessity to form a Church for themselves, and 
give W. Otterbein a new call, which he finally accep- 
ted, and subsequently i^ the year 1775 by the Coetus 
held in Lebanon, confirmed. Article 14. 

After due consideration, the Coetus deems it prop- 
er, (good,) that Domi?ie Otterbein continue in his 
pastoral office; from report, it appears that his 
.labors are blest, and the opposing party cease the 
strife. 

CONRAD BUCHER, Sec. Pro Tern. 



CHURCH BOOK. 

William Otterbein came to Baltimore, May 4th, 
1774, and commenced his ministerial office. With- 
jOut delay, and by the help of God, he began to 
organize a Church, and as far as it was possible for 
him, to bring it within the letter and the spirit of the 
gospel. Such disciplinary Church rules as were 
needful, were therefore from time to time adopted, 
made known, and the importance of "keeping them 
earnesfy enjoined. 

But the afl[licting and long continued war, and the 
.dispersion on account of the same of many of its 
members into the interior of the country, prevented 



46 HISTORY OF THE. CHUR©H OF 1785 

those rules from being written in a book for their 
preservation. 

But through, and by the goodness of God, peace 
and quietness being restored, and the gathering to- 
gether of former members, with a considerable addi- 
tion of new members, the Church finds herself at this 
time, considerably increased. Therefore it is unani- 
mously considered and ordained by the whole Church,, 
to bring the Constitution and ordinances of this 
Church, into the following form, which we hold as 
agreeing with the word of God, and for their perma- 
nency and perpetual observance herewith record 
and preserve. 

By the undersigned preacher and members which 
now constitute this Church, it is hereby ordained 
and resolved, that this Church which has been brought 
together in Baltimore, by the ministration of our 
present preacher W. Otterbein, in future consist in a 
preacher, three elders, and three deacons, an almo- 
ner and church members, and these together shall 
pass under and by the name — The Evangelic Reform- 
ed Church. 

2d. No one, whoever he may be, can be preacher 
or member of this Church, whose walk is unchristian 
and offensive, or who should live in some open sin. 
— (1 Tim. 3: 1-3. 1 Corinth. 5: 11-13.) 

3d. Each Church member to attend faithfully the 
public worship on the Sabbath day, and at all other 
times. 

4th. This Church shall yearly solemnly keep two 
days of humiliation, fasting and prayer, which shall 



1785 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 47 

be designated by the preacher, one in the spring, the 
other in the autumn of the year. 

5th. The members of this Church, impressed with 
the necessity of a constant rehgious exercise, suffer- 
ing the word of God richly and daily to dwell among 
them — (Col. 3: 16. Heb. 3: 13. 10:24, 25,) each sex 
shall therefore meet apart once a week, for which the 
most suitable day, hour and place, shall be chosen, 
for the males as well as the females, for the first an 
hour in the evening, and for the last an hour in the 
day time, are considered the most suitable. In the 
absence of the preacher, an elder or deacon shall 
lead such meetings. 

(a.) The rules for these special meetings are 
these: No one can be received into tliis society, who 
is not resolved to flee the wrath to come, and by 
faith and repentance, to seek his salvation in Christ, 
and be resolved willingly to obey the disciplinary 
rules, which are now observed by this Church, for 
good order, and the advance in godliness, as well as 
such as in future may be added by the preacher 
and Church vestry; yet always excepted that such 
rules are founded on the Word of God, which is the 
only unerring guide of faith and practice. 

(b.) These meetings to commence and end with 
singing and prayer, and that nothing be done, but 
what will tend to build up and advance godliness. 

(c.) That such w^ho attend these special meetings 
but indiff'erently, sickness and absence from home 
excepted, after being twice or thrice admonished, 



48 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1785 

without manifest amendment exclude themselves 
from the Church, (versambung .) 

(d.) Every member of this Church should fer- 
vently engage in private worship; morning and 
evening to pray with his family; himself, and his 
household to be induced to attend divine worship at 
all times. 

(e.) Every member shall sedulously abstain from 
all back-biting and evil-speaking of any person, or 
persons, without exception, and specially not of his 
brethren in the Church. — (Rom. 15: 1-3. 2 Cor. 12: 
20. 1 Peter 2: 1. Ja. 4: 11.) The transgressor shall 
in the first instance be admonished privately, but 
the second time he shall be openly rebuked in the 
class meeting. 

(/.) Every one to avoid all worldly and sinful 
company, and to the utmost shun all foolish talking 
and jesting. — (Ps. 15: 4. Eph. 5: 4-11.) This of- 
fence will meet with the severe Church censure. 

(g.) No one shall be permitted to buy or sell on 
the Sabbath, nor attend to worldly business, not to 
travel far or near, but each spend the day in quiet- 
ness and religious exercises. — (Isa. 58: 13, 14.) 

^ That each member willingly attend to any of the 
private concerns of the Church, when required so to 
do by the preacher or vestry, and that each one strive 
to lead a quiet and godly life, lest he give offence, 
and fall into the condemnation of the adversary. — 
(Math. 5: 14-16. 1 Pet. 2: 12.) 

6th. An}^ person expressing a desire to commune 
with us at the Lord's table, although they have not 



1785 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 49 

been members of om- Church, shall be admitted by 
consent of the vestry, provided that nothing justly 
can be alledged against their walk in life, and more 
especially when it is known that they are seeking 
their salvation. After the preparation sermon, such 
persons may declare themselves openly before the 
assembly; also, that they are ready to submit to all 
wholesome discipline; and thus they are received 
into the Church. 

7th. For as much as the difference of people and 
denominations, end in Christ. — (Rom. 10: 12. Col. 
3: 11,) and availeth nothing in Him, but a new crea- 
ture — (Gal. 6: 13-16.) it becomes our duty accor- 
ding to the gospel, to commune with, and admit 
professors to the Lord's table, irrespective of what- 
ever order, or sort, of the christian Church. 

8th. All such persons who may not attend our 
class-meetings, nor partake of the holy sacrament 
with us, but attend our public worship, shall be visi- 
ted by the preacher in health and in sickness, and on 
all suitable occasions, admonish them, baptize their 
children, attend to their funerals, impart instruction 
to their youths, and should they have any children, 
the Church shall interest herself for their religious 
education. 

9th. The preacher shall make it one of his high- 
est duties, to watch over the rising youth, diligently 
instructing them in the principles of religion, accor- 
ding to the word of God. He should catechise 
them once a week, and the more matured in years, 
who have obtained a knowledge of the great truths 



50 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1785 

of the gospel, should be impressed with the impor- 
tance of striving through divine grace, to become 
worthy recipients of the holy sacrament. And in 
view of Church membership, such as manifest a 
desire to this end, should become fully instructed for 
a time, be examined in the presence of their parents 
and the vestry, and if approved, after the prepara- 
tion sermon, to be presented before the Church and 
be admitted. 

10th. The Church to establish and maintain a 
German School, as soon as possible; the vestry to 
spare no effort, to procure the most competent teach- 
ers, and devise such means and rules as will promote 
the best interest of the school. 

11th. That after the demise or removal of the 
preacher, the male members of the Church shall 
meet without delay in the Church edifice, and after 
singing and prayer, one or more shall be proposed 
by the Elders and Deacons, a majority of votes shall 
determine the choice; and a call be made accordingly; 
but should the preacher on whom the choice fell, 
decline the call, then as soon as possible, others shall 
be proposed, and a choice gone into, but here it is 
especially reserved, should it so happen; that before 
the demise or removal of the preacher, his place 
should already have been provided for by a majority 
of votes, than no new choice shall take place. 

12th. No preacher shall stay among us, who is 
not in unison with our adopted rules, and order of 
things, and class - meetings, and who does not 
diligently observe them. 



1785 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 51 

13th. No preacher can stay among us, who 
teacheth the doctrine of predestination, {Gnaden- 
wahl,) or the impossibility of falhngfrom grace, and 
who holdeth them as doctrinal points. 

14th. No preacher can stay among us, who will 
not to the best of his ability, care for the various 
Churches in Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, 
which Churches under the superintendence of Wm. 
Otterbein, stand in fraternal unity with us. 

15th. No preacher can stay among us, who 
should refuse to sustain with all diligence, such 
members who may have arisen from this or some 
other Churches, or who may yet arise as helpers in 
the work of the Lord, with preaching and exhorting, 
and to afford unto them all possible encouragment 
so long as their life shall be according to the gospel. 

16th. All the preceding items (punckte,) shall 
be presented to the preacher chosen, and his full 
consent thereto obtained, before he enters on his 
ministry. 

17th. The preacher shall nominate the Elders 
from among the members who attend the special 
meetings, and no others shall be proposed, and their 
duties shall be made known unto them by him, be- 
fore the Church. 

18th. The Elders so long as they live in accor- 
dance with the gospel, and shall not attempt to intro- 
duce any new act contrary to this constitution and 
ordinances, are not to be dismissed from their office, 
except on account of debility or other cause: should 
any one desire it, then in that case, or by reason of 



-S2 HiSTORY OW THE €HURCH OF 1785 

death, the place shall be supplied by the preacher as 
already noticed. 

19th. The three Deacons are to be chosen yearly 
on new years day, as follows: 

The vestry will propose six from among the mem- 
bers who partake with us of the holy sacrament. 
Every voter shall write the names of those three 
whom he desires for Deacon, on a piece of paper, 
and when the Church has met, these papers shall be 
collected, opened and read, and such as have a ma- 
jority of votes, will be made known to the Church 
and their duties made known unto them by the 
preacher, in presence of the Church. 

20th. The Almoner shall be chosen at the same 
time and manner as the Deacons, who at the next 
election will present his account. 

21st. The Preacher, Elders and Deacons, shall 
attend to all the affairs of the Church, compose the 
Church vestry, and shall be so considered. 

22d. All deeds, leases and other rights concern- 
ing the property of this Church shall be conveyed 
in the best and safest manner to this Church vestry, 
and their successors, as Trustees of this Church. 

23d. Should a Preacher, Elder or Deacon be ac- 
cused of any known immorality, and upon the 
testimony of two or three creditable witnesses, the 
same should be proven against him, he will be im- 
mediately suspended; and until he gives sure proof of 
true repentance, and makes open confession, he 
remains excluded from this Church. The same rule 
shall be observed and carried out against members 



1785 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRlSf. 5S 

of the Church, who shall be found guilty of immoral 
conduct. — (1 Cor. 5: 11-13. 1 Tim. 5: 20, Tit.3:10.> 

24th. All offences between members, shall be 
dealt with in strict conformity with the precepts of 
our Lord,— (Math. 18: 15-18.) No one is therefore 
permitted to name the offender, or the offence, except 
in the prescribed order of our Saviour. 

25th. No member is allowed to cite his brother 
before the civil authority, for any cause. All differ- 
ences shall be laid before the vestry, or each party 
may choose a referee from among the members of 
the Church, to whom the adjustment of the matter 
shall be submitted. The decision of either the 
vestry or referees, shall be binding on each party; 
nevertheless should any one believe himself wrong- 
ed, he may ask a second hearing, which shall not be 
refused. This second hearing may be either before 
the same men, or some others of the Church ; but 
whosoever shall refuse to abide by this second 
verdict, or on any occasion speak of the matter of 
dispute, or accuse his opponent with the same, ex- 
cludes himself from the Church. 

26th. The Elders and Deacons shall meet four 
times in the year viz: the last Sabbath in March; 
the last Sabbath in June ; the last Sabbath in Sep- 
tember, and the last Sabbath in December, in the 
parsonage house, after the afternoon service, to take 
the affairs of the Church into consideration. 

27th. This constitution and ordinances, shall be 
read every new years day before the congregation^ 
in order to keep it in special remembrance, and that 



54 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1785 

it may be carefully observed, and no one plead igno- 
rance of the same. 

28tli. We, the subscribers, acknowledge the above 
written items and particulars, as the ground work of 
our Church, and we ourselves as co-members by our 
signature, recognize and solemnly promise religious 
obedience to the same. 

WILLIAM OTTERBEIN, Preacher, 

LEHARD HERB AC H,) 
HENRY WEITNER, \ Elders, 
PETER HOFMAN. ) 

PHILLIP BIER, ) 

WILLIAM BAKER, ) Deacons. 

ABRAHAM LORSH. ) 
Baltimore, January 1st, 1785. 



The foregoing record of the cause and subsequent 
rise of the Otterbein Church in Baltimore, portrays 
in sombre colors, the unhappy condition of a single 
Church, ending in the withdrawal of some of its 
members, and in their making choice for their preach- 
er, of a man in whom they could confide and trust. 
This record incontrovertibly proves, that the Church 
on Howard's Hill, organized under the auspices of 
Bro. William Otterbein, by the name of the Evan- 
gelical Reformed Church, (gemeinde,) was, and is in 
doctrine and disciplinary rules, different and distinct 
from the so called German Reformed Church, and 
this, the history of that Church, will clearly prove. 

The reader will please to compare the foregoing 
constitution of the Otterbein Church, with a few 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 55 

quotations from the He Pasa Ekklesia, History of 
the German Reformed Chm'ch, by Lewis Mayer, D. 
D., which coming as it does from the best authority, 
and written as late as 1844, may be regarded as 
reUable. 

He Pasa Ekklesia, page 337, Rev. L. Mayer saya: 
" The founder of this Church, was Ulric Zwingle." 
Page 340, " After the death of Zwingle and Eco- 
lampadiusin 1531, none of their associates enjoyed 
so decided a superiority over his brethren, as to give 
him a commanding influence over the whole Church, 
and to secure to him the chief direction of her coun- 
cils. This honor was reserved for John Calvin." 
Page 342, " Zwingle taught the doctrine of abso- 
lute Predestination, as well as Calvin." — ibid. Page 
343, " The doctrinal system of the German Reform- 
ed Church, is contained in the Heidelberg catechism." 
Page 344, " The catechism in its general character 
is Calvinistic." Page 345, " The Heidelberg cate- 
chism is the only symbolical book of the Church in 
the United States." Mr. Mayer goes on to state, on 
the same page and book from which we quote, 
as follows: "Subscription to the catechism by 
candidates for the ministry, is not required at their 
ordination: a verbal profession of the doctrine of 
the Church being deemed sufficient."* 

Now, the constitution of Otterbein's Church in 
Baltimore, expressly provides (item 13,) that a 

Note.— Query. Which is most binding on the conscience of man, 
subscribing with the pen, or professing with the lips, in the ordination 
vow ? 



66 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OP 

preacher holding the above as doctrinal points, can 
not stay among us. It is evident from the quota- 
tions made above, that the German Reformed Church 
is in doctrine Calvinistic. The conclusion therefore 
is irresistible, that no minister of the said G. R4 
Church, can ever officiate as pastor in the Otterbein 
Church in Baltimore, vv^ithout directly violating the 
constitution upon which it was established. 

Items 14, and 15, expressly provide that no one 
can be a pastor of that Church, who does not sustain 
a ministerial relation to the various Churches in Penn^ 
sylvania, Maryland and Virginia^ under the guidance 
of William Otterbein. 

And that he must diligently assist the preachers 
v\rho had been raised up in those Churches, or who 
should in future rise up in them as preachers, &c. 
To meet these provisions, the preacher in Otterbein's 
Church in Baltimore, must of necessity stand in full 
connection with the preachers and churches of the 
United Brethren in Christ ; for these are the only 
preachers and churches in Pennsylvania, Maryland 
and Virginia, in which William Otterbein had a 
chief direction, and ordained Elders in and for the 
same. 

This constitution should be viewed as a discipli- 
nary rule for the Church at large, except so much 
as was peculiarly applicable to the Church in 
Baltimore. From the second paragraph to the 
sixth, including the letter g, we have presented to us 
in a concise and scriptural form, all that is most 
essential in constituting a Church, and the rules 



1785 THE UmTED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 57 

^which should govern the same, individually and 
collectively. As such they were acceptable to all 
the Churches, from and after the first Conference 
'held in the City of Baltimore 1789, up to the time 
iof the General Conference in 1815, v^hen they 
•entered with little variation, under their appropriate 
sections, into our present discipline. 

We like the spirit which pervades that document 
throughout. Being written in the sententious style, 
it must be read with care. In the original, it is one 
of the most compact, and at the same time, one of 
the most comprehensive productions of the pen. 
Take it is a whole, and in view of the time and the 
prevailing prejudices, it bears the impress of amas- 
.ter mind, and does honor to the author. 

POINTS INSISTED ON. 

The purity of the ministry ; the piety of members ; 
the necessity of attending faithfully on the means 
•of grace, in public and in private ; the propriety of 
class and prayer meetings ; the sacredness of the 
Sabbath, and how to be spent ; the doctrine of the 
"Church ; that preachers must harmonize and sustain 
^ach other in the work of the Lord, to the best of 
their ability. These points enter essentially into the 
elementary rules of a christian Church, and upon 
the observance of them rests the usefulness and 
perpetuity of Churches. As to the age of the dis- 
cipline of the United Brethren Church in Christ, it is 
of little importance, whether it be of yesterday or a 
century past; but it is all important that it be of the 

5 



58 HISTOBY OF THE CHURCH OF I78& j 

riglit character, and in the letter and spirit of the j 

scriptures. In whatever light our present discipline i 

may be viewed, and however favorably adjudged by i 

an intelligent community, we find its original traced | 
^ut by Wm. Otterbein, as early as 1785« 



1789 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 59 



CHAPTER V. 



First Conference" — Second Conference — George Adam"Guething=^== 
character of his preaching ^— his childlike humility^ — persecutions 
— his house Otterbein's home when out of Baltimore -^^^ Christian 
Newcomer — his conversion -=^ call to the ministry-^ acquaintance 
with Otterbein and Guething — his burning zeal, industry, and ex, 
tensive labors in the ministry. 

The first Conference was held in Baltimore in the 

^-ear 1789. 

PREACHERS PRESENT. 



George A. Guething, 1 Adam Lehman, 
Christian Newcomer, ] John Ernst, 



William Otterbein, 
Martin Boehm, 
Henry Weidner. , 

PREACHERS ABSENT. 



•Benedict Swoap, 
Henry Baker, 
Simon Herre, 



Frederick Schaifet, I Christopher Grosh, 
Martin Kreider-, Abraham Draksel. 



From some conscientious scruples, no record had 
been kept of the number of Churches nor members 
in general. 

The second Conference was held in Paradise town- 
ship, York county, Penn., at the house of Brother 
Spangler, in the year 17b 1. 

PREACHERS PRESENT. 



William Otterbein, 
Martin Boehm, 
G. A. Guething, 



Christian Newcomer, 
Adam Lehman, 
John Ernst, 



J. G. Pfrimmer, 
John Neiding, 
Benjamin Sauder. 



Thus, giving an increase of three brethren in the 
ministry. 
We now proceed to take notice of the third name 



60 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1791 

■on the Conference list; George Adam Guething, 
who became connected with Otterbein and Boehm 
in the year 1772. His residence was on the Antie- 
tum, Washington county, Maryland. 

The talent and ministerial graces of these three 
brethren in chief, when brought together, cannot now 
be well conceived; and it is beyond our ability to con- 
vey a just idea of them to the reader. Otterbein 
was argumentative, eloquent, and often terrible. In 
the elucidation of scripture, he was very clear, and 
full, few being his equal. 

Boehm was the plain, open and frank expounder 
of God's word ; being all animation, all life ; often 
irresistible, like a mighty current, carrying his hear- 
ers into deep water. 

But brother Guething was more like a spring sun 
rising on a frost silvered forest, gradually affording 
more heat, more light, till you could hear, as it were, 
the crackling in the forest, and the icy crust begin- 
ning to melt and fall away, and like a drizzling 
shower ending in a clear and joyous day: such was 
Guething. He was the St. John of this clover leaf; 
;always soft and mellowing ; of good parts, having a 
well cultivated mind ; in conversation cheerful, inter- 
esting and pleasing, and every w^ay a desirable com- 
panion. Brother Guething preached often, and 
traveled much. His bland manners, his affability 
and shining talents, secured for him universal res- 
pect and esteem, good congregations, and what was 
much more important, access to the hearts and con- 
sciences of those who came to hear him. He would 



1791 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 61 

follow the sinner in his devious paths; showing the 
severity of God's holy law in a manner which made 
stout hearts to quail and tremble, and then with feel- 
ings and language peculiar to himself, present to the 
stricken-hearted a loving Saviour, and in tones so 
beseechingly sweet, that the effect was invariably a 
congregation in tears. Here was the secret power 
which he possessed over an audience. All that ever 
heard him, saw it — felt it — he alone seemed to be 
unconscious of it ; but love and a childish good na- 
ture, like the rays of an evening sun, resting quietly 
on his round face, was all that could be seen of the 
great mind, in the midst of sinners crying for mercy, 
or saints shouting for joy. Many were awakened 
under the preaching of brother Guething in Penn- 
sylvania, Maryland and Virginia. 

But withal, he was not left without opponents in 
the course of his gospel labors, and journeyings. 
Having been brought up in the German Reformed 
Church, that Church was held dear in his affections, 
nor was this without a return from many members 
in that Church, to whom the preaching of Guething 
had been made the power of God to their sal- 
vation. He likewise enjoyed the friendship and 
esteem of some of her preachers ; but from that 
Church came also some of his trials, by way of op- 
position to the work of grace, and the conversion of 
the people. Opposition or persecution from those 
with wiiom we have been associated or united, in 
natural, social and religious relations, comes with a 
keener edge, and wounds deeper than when directed 



62 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

against us from any other source. When speaking 
of these things, while the big tear dropped from his 
eye, he would say " For the hurt of the daughter of 
my people, am I hurt.. Oh ! what a Saviour we 
have, and yet the healths of my people is not recov- 
red !" 

Big meetings were held at an early day in his 
immediate neighborhood, probably as early as 1786 
or 87, and so continued from time to time while he 
lived, and long after the time of his earthly life. Ot- 
terbein was nearly always present at these meetings, 
until infirmity and age forbade attendance. Bro. 
Guething's house was Otterbein's retreat ; his head 
quarters when out of Baltimore. Perhaps never 
loved two men better, nor for a longer period of time, 
than Otterbein and Guething loved each other. 
Brother Guething's was also the council house for the 
preachers, far and near. He was much looked to 
for counsel, for advice and instruction, and such was 
the love towards him, and the confidence in him, 
that his word had much, of the authority of law, and 
his counsel was as the counsel of the ancients ; and 
this was given on his part with: such humility and 
tenderness of love, that the impression could never 
be forgotten nor eff*aced. But Bro. Guething was a 
man, nor is it meant that he was faultless ; but such 
as he was, God had raised him up for a great work. 
How faithfully he performed the work, allotted to him, 
in the history of the Brethren Church was exempli- 
.fied in the forty years of his illusti^ious life, spent 
j.oyfully in the service of his Divine Master. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 63 

The time when, and where, and the circumstances 
and manner of the d^ath of G. A. Guething, Martin 
Boehm, and William Otterbein, with other ministe- 
rial brethren, will be noticed in this work in due 
time. 

The next name in order, claiming our attention, 
and deserving more than a passing notice on our 
pages, is Christian Newcomer. Although more is 
known of him to some brethren now living, than of his 
three predecessors, yet ere long, C. Newcomer will 
be also a stranger to the living generation, and all 
that may remain of him on earth — be what history 
records. 

Christian Newcomer was born in Lancaster Co., 
Pennsylvania, January 21st, 1749. He was raised 
and brought up by his parents in the Mennonite 
Society. After suffering severe trials and deep dis- 
tress of mind, from a consciousness of his lost estate, 
(verlohrnen Zustand,) by prayers and supplications 
at a throne of grace, he experienced religion in his 
eighteenth year. Of this he speaks in his journal: — 
*'The anguish of soul was removed. I did not 
know what had happened unto me; my heart felt glad ; 
my soul was happy; my mouth was filled with 
praises and thanksgiving to God, for what He had 
done for me, a poor unworthy creature. I thought 
if ever a being in this world had cause to praise the 
Lord, I was that being. For some nights, tears of 
gratitude and joy moistened my pillow ; and I pass- 
ed many happy hours. This state of mind contin- 
ued for some time, my soul was happy , when I aro&e 



©I HISTORY OF THE CHITRCH OF 

in the morning, to me all nature loved and smiled — » 
all things had become new, I was made to rejoice all 
the day long. But by degrees I lost this joy, thia 
peace of mind ; fear returned again, and took pos- 
session of my heart. In this situation I consulted a 
preacher in the Mennonite Church: He advised me 
to be baptized, join the Church, and take the sacra- 
ment. I followed his advice, and did as he directed 
me, but found no peace," He used to say, when^ 
speaking: of this period of his life, that this state of 
mind, he believed, was caused by refusing to comply 
with the convictions resting with much weight upon 
his mind, to tell his experience in meeting, and ex- 
hort the people to flee the wrath to come. 

In this unhappy condition he passed several years, 
experiencing alternately, great joy, and againpassing 
days and nights in distress and agony of soul. He 
remarks, "I do sincerely believe, if I had been obe- 
dient to the call of God, I should have been, saved 
much distress of mind. But the office of a preacher 
appeared to me too important, too great, and myself ' 
less than nothing." 

He was solicited to make the effort, and preachy 
which the grace that was in him, constrained him to 
do. He made the effort to speak at a meeting, rela- 
ting his own experience, and the painful exercises 
of his mind, in reference to warning others of their 
danger, how he had resisted this call, until it burned 
in his bones like a fire, and why ? "I stammered 
this out as well as I had ability, and could not res- 
train my tears, beseeching the people to embrace in 



1791 THE UNITED BRETHREN M CHRIST. 65- 

Christ the offered mercy. This had a good effect, 
many tears were shed, and convictions ensued. la 
this discharge of my duty, which I believe I owed to- 
God and my fellow men, a sense of the divine appro- 
bation rested on my mind." 

Hence he was requested to exhort and speak 
in public. But previous to this time, and soon after 
his removal to Maryland, he had become acquainted 
with Otterbein and Guething. He writes in his 
journal — " Frequently I had heard them preach in 
my own vicinity, their preaching making lasting im- 
pressions on the hearts of their hearers. They in- 
sisted on the necessity of a genuine repentance and 
conversion to God, in the knowledge and pardon of 
sins past. Their preaching appeared to be owned 
and blessed of God. Many were awakened from 
their sleep of sin and death, were brought from dark- 
ness to lighty and from the power of sin and satan 
to God, found the pearl of great price, and adhered 
to, and followed the doctrine which they preached. 
These they formed into societies, and for the time^ 
being, were called by some, ' Otterbein's people.' 

" Whereas these men preached the same doctrine 
which I had experienced, and which, according ta 
my views and discernment, perfectly agreed with the 
doctrine taught by Jesus Christ and his Apostles; — • 
therefore I associated myself with them, and joined 
their society, and was blessed. Although I withdrew 
myself from the Mennonites, on account of the want of 
life and power of religion among them, I never felt in 
any wise accused in my own mind for so doing ; — - 



t»b HISTOEY OF THE CHURCH OF 

on the contrary, have received many blessings of 
Ood when assembled with my new brethren." 

The history of Bro. Newcomer as far as we have 
taken notice of it, furnishes another evidence of the 
fact, that whatever religion the people professed at 
that period, 1767, it was a religion of form, with 
little or no experience of heart. In him we have a 
youth of sixteen years of age, under deep convic- 
tion, distressed with the thoughts of eternity, and of 
being lost for days, and weeks, and months, and 
knowing no one to whom he might make known the 
religious exercises of his mind. The spirit of the 
Lord without human agency, led him on in repen- 
tance and in secret prayer, until the love of God 
was shed abroad in his heart. 

The second period in Newcomer's life, is his call 
to preach the gospel. In the twenty-seventh year 
of his age, a measure of grace is committed unto 
him to preach Christ, but he hesitated. When urged 
to speak, he would shrink from the task, and let the 
opportunity slip. For this dereliction of duty, he 
felt inwardly condemned, the spirit saying, ^' behold I 
have given thee a knowledge of sin, and made 
known unto thee the way of salvation ; if thou re- 
fuse to warn thy fellow men, — wo to thee if thou 
preach not the gospel P^ But he said the office of a 
preacher, struck him to be of such vast importance, 
and awful responsibility — and then the thought that 
he was insufficient for these things, restrained him 
again. Being thus pressed and enjoying no peace 
of mind, to deliver himself, — ■ like Jonah, he sought 



THB UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 67 

safety by flight. He sold his plantation in Penn- 
sylvania, and removed into the State of Maryland. 
His reluctance to preach was of himself, his remov- 
al to Washington county, Maryland, undoubtedly 
was of the Lord. Here he met with Otterbein and 
G. A. Guething, and in their preaching he found a 
response in his own heart. A friendship ensued, 
which soon united their hearts and affections, in one 
common interest and cause, and which remained 
unbroken, till death severed the bond on earth. 

The doubts on his part, as to the validity of his 
call to preach, were now happily removed, and an 
effectual door was opened before him to preach the 
unsearchable riches of Christ. He indeed, was a 
chosen vessel of the Lord, as his subsequent labors 
most amply prove. Though in some respects, less 
than Otterbein, Guething or Boehm, nevertheless 
take him as he was, we are justified in saying of him, 
that the grace of God was not bestowed on him in 
vain, for he labored more abundantly, journeyed 
more, preached more frequently, and visited more 
extensively. He was just the man by nature and 
by grace, for his place ; without him the cluster would 
have been incomplete. Tall in stature, of a com- 
manding figure, and a keen visage, a voice moder- 
ately strong, and if at times impeded for a moment 
by some natural defect, it but heightened the effect 
of his preaching, drawing the attention of the au- 
dience only nearer to the speaker, affording him an 
opportunity to draw the gospel net more effectually 
around them, and thus secure a larger draft. From 



6B HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1791 

first to last, and for many years, Bro. Newcomer 
made good proof of his ministry, in all things show- 
ing himself a pattern of good works. In doctrine 
he was pure, grave, and sincere. He was successful 
in winning souls to Christ, and unremitting in his 
labors, being often and suddenly called upon to 
attend meetings appointed without his knowledge, 
to reach some of which, he had to travel one hun- 
dren and more miles. These protracted meetings, 
with all other meetings which he attended, required 
much time, neglect of business at home, beside trav- 
eling expenses: and this was done without receiving 
the least remuneration. To do this, required on his 
part, much self-denial and sacrifice of domestic in- 
terests, which brought him often into great straits, 
and sore conflicts. But he said he had promised to 
be obedient to God, and the brethren, so none of 
these things moved him from his purpose of preach- 
ing Christ. His burning zeal would give him no 
rest, in season nor out of season ; neither in summer 
nor winter. He was sometimes heard to say, — 
" Well this is hard, but the salvation of one soul out- 
weighs it all — let me go." Often he was compelled 
to make forced rides, to expose his person in the 
most inclement season of the year, and the stages 
of high water; but none of these things could 
check him in his course. The writer, when traveling 
Susquehanna Circuit in the year 1812, in the depth 
of winter, of cold and snow, had meeting in Berks 
county. While preaching, Bro. Newcomer's tall 
figure made its appearance at the door. I beckoned 



1791 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 69 

to him to come to the stand, but the room being 
crowded, he remained where he was, and without 
leaving the door, closed the meeting with a very im- 
pressive exhortation, and sang and prayed. I pro- 
nounced the benediction. The audience made a 
move to leave. Now was Xewcomers time ; he 
shook hands with one, and then with another, ad- 
dressing some by name — exhorted all young and 
old, with a voice and visage as spiritual and holy, 
as if he had just come from the court of heaven. 
Many began to weep, and we had a gracious and 
powerful blessing. 

Thus often when it was thought that he was far 
away, he would come upon meetings unexpectedly 
andunlooked for, — but his coming was ever3"where, 
and always hailed with joy. For of a ti'uth, God 
was with him, and had made him a blessing to the 
Church and to the people. 

The deixdse and closing scene of his life, will be 
aoticedindue time. 



70 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH Of 



CHAPTER VI. 



Biographical Sketch of John G. Pfrimmer — character of his preach- 
ing — his extensive labors '-^-Sketch of John Neiding -^ birth •— 
baptism — chosen by lotto preach — seeks a clean heart— finds 
experimental salvation — ' effect of his preaching the doctrine of the 
New Birth — his virtues -^ popularity of his preaching — his death 
— Remarks on the Biographic Sketches. 

Of the preachers who attended the Conference in 
1791, two are yet to be noticed before we can pro- 
ceed, viz: John G. Pfrimmer, and John Neiding. 

Brother Pfrimmer was a native of Alcace, in France 
— was born 1762, and brought up in the German 
Reformed Church. He emigrated to the State of 
Pennsylvania, in 1788, soon after which, he was 
made a partaker of divine grace. Having received 
a good education, and believing it to be his duty to 
preach, he began to exhort and to. preach Christ and 
him crucified. His fitness to preach, manifested 
itself in the deep impressions which his discourses 
made, and the display of talent, promised a degree 
of usefulness in the ministry, which was much 
needed, and which at this very time was a great ac- 
cession to the strength and influence of the rising 
Church. He was a fluent speaker: with a mind pos- 
sessing strong intellectual powers : a nervousness run 
through all his discourses, which were full of origi- 
nal thought and expression, bringing things new 
and old from the treasury of the Lord. His sermons 



THE UNITED BRETHREN W CHRIST. 71 

were highly impressive, instructive and abiding in 
their effects. He had a comprehensive knowledge 
of the sacred scriptures, well knowing how to apply 
them to the hearts and consciences of men. He 
loved to say, *■ Thus saith the Lord^^ which was at- 
tended with power. 

By his ardent and efficient labors, many heard 
and received the joyful sound of gospel grace. The 
work of God w^as multiplied, and greatly spread by 
this energetic servant of the Lord, through a great 
part of Pennsylvania; first east, and then in the 
vallies of the Susquehanna, till the year 1800, when 
he crossed the Allegheny mountains, preaching with 
various success through the counties of Somerset, 
Westmoreland and Washington ; from w^hence in 
1808, he followed the emigration west, through the 
State of Ohio, and finally settled himself in Har- 
rison county, in the State of Indiana, without how- 
ever, discontinuing his itinerant labors, and visiting 
the Churches east as far as Pennsylvania and Mary- 
land. He attended the General Conference held in 
the State of Ohio, 1825. May 13th, 1797, a great 
meeting was held at the Sinking Spring, Pa., w^here 
Bro. Pfrimmerwith Bro. Boehm, Newcomer, Drak- 
8 el and other brethren, w'ere present. Bro. Pfrimmer 
preached the first sermon on the Sabbath. And 
October 14th, game year, a great meeting was held 
at Bro. M. Boehms, where Bro. Pfrimmer, with Gue- 
thing and Newcomer, attended. The meeting at 
the Sinking Spring, was as the harvest is before the 



72 HISTORY OF THE -CHURCH OF 

reapers; there was a reaping and a gathering of fruit 
unto eternal life. 

John Neiding was born in Berks county, Pa., 1765; 
soon after which, his father removed into the neigh-- 
borhood of Harrisburg, Dauphin county, where 
John was raised, and brought up by his parents in 
the Mennonite Church. Being of a serious turn of 
mind, and reserved habits, while yet quite a youth, 
lie was received by baptism into the said Church. 

In his twenty-fifth year, he was selected and 
chosen to be a preacher, by lot, — while at the sam^ 
time, and previous thereto, he had been earnestly 
seeking and praying for a clean heart, and for a 
token of God's love. Being now set apart as a 
preacher, the desire for a clean heart, and a token 
that he was a child of God, ( as he expressed it, ) 
pressed the more heavily upon him, and he pray- 
ed more frequently and more fervently. Beside this, 
he felt the necessity and importance of preaching an 
experimental salvation from sin ; and this salvation 
he soon found, and was made to rejoice. And as it 
always follows, the preacher will declare those scrip- 
ture truths which he has learned to know by his 
own experience. So it was with Bro. Neiding ; h^e 
began to preach with much force and energy, the 
cause, the nature, and the necessity of the new 
birth. " Ye must be horn again J^^ This was more 
than his Mennonite brethren expected from him, and 
more than they as a Church, were willing to receive. 

One instance we will relate in few words: Some 
time after his conversion, whilst he was preaching 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 73 

and exhorting with much feeling, many in the con- 
gregation began to be moved, and some were crying 
loud enough to be heard. The old preacher caught 
brother Neiding by the arm, saying — " O ! not so 
brother ! You press the subject too far I" To this 
he quietly replied — " There is no stopping this side 
of heaven. I will press it — yet more earnestly." 

Of ail the brethren we have yet, or may hereafter 
notice, brother Neiding was the Nathaniel; a man 
possessed of an excellent spirit, meek, gentle, just, 
having a good report of them that were without ; as 
a, steward of God, blameless ; as a teacher, he was 
able by sound doctrine, both to exhort and to con- 
vince the gainsay ers. The virtues and the graces 
so pre-requisite of an Elder in the Church of God, 
shone all around him with a clear and steady light, 
{ and what may safely be deposited here as a memora- 
ble relation,) that light, and those virtues and graces 
shedding so much luster around his path, were never 
be-clouded, nor suffered a momentary eclipse by any 
false step on kis part, in his long and eventful life. 

His language was select and chaste, in the pulpit, 
and out of it. His manner of preaching, taking 
the words, the sound and sweetness of his voice in 
harmony with the actions of his body, and the use 
of his hands and fingers, was, to use a figure, like 
the chiming of silver bells, producing on the audi- 
ence the various impressions which the gospel theme 
affords. The sinner when hardly dealt with, was 
obliged to listen and to hear, while the bells sounded 
a painful alarm through every avenue of his guilty 

6 



74 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

soul ; to the broken hearted, the disconsolate, the 
embittered spirit, he chimed a hosanna from the man 
of woe, with tones as heavenly and sweet, as if they 
really came from celestial climes. As a builder of 
the Church edifice, the materials in his hands, were 
gold, and silver, and precious stone. 

If a meeting house or Church was to be dedicated, 
be it Lutheran, German Reformed, or otherwise, 
brother Neiding received the most friendly invitation 
to participate in the services and solemnities thereof. 
His fame was in all the Churches. Yet such as he 
was, be it remembered, or rather in charity be it for- 
gotten, the Mennonite Church thrust him out from 
among them, as they had thrusted Boehm. 

Such was brother JohnNeiding and J. G. Pfrimmer 
as noticed above, whose names eminently deserve 
to be fully associated with those illustrious men, 
whom the Great Head of the Church honored with 
a holy call, to raise his Zion among the German 
Churches from the dust, and to whom the Lord said, 
" Arise and shine." Thousands have seen the light, 
and thousands have walked in it ! 

In noticing his demise, it will be seen that he 
spent a long and useful life. Having obeyed the 
ministerial call in the morning hour, he endured the 
heat and burthen of the day, with undiminishing 
diligence, not shrinking in the duties and onerous 
tasks which the day brought forth. The frost of 
many winters had whitened his head to a snowy 
whiteness, yet he labored and preached to the last 
hour and minute of his eventful life. 

His last sermons, especially those preached at 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 75 

camp -meetings, are still fresh in the minds of those 
who heard them, and continue to wake up the 
sweetest recollections of the past, and this past is 
casting its silver rays of light beyond the borders 
of the tomb, revealing to the enraptured vision, a 
pathway of the purest light, leading to immortality 
— where saints, where God and Christ are found to 
dwell, — 

" The saints secure abode." 

JOHN NEIDING, 

DE-PARTED THIS LIFE 

JANUARY, A. D. 1844. 

IN THE SEVENTY-NINTH YEAR OF HIS AGE, 

AND FIFTY-THIRD TEAR OF HIS MINISTRY, 

WHICH HE EXERCISED WITH AN ABILITY NEVER TO BE FORGOTTEN. 

But a few days before his departure being met by 
a friend, saying, " Bro. Neiding will you allow your- 
self no rest?" To which he replied with tender- 
ness, ^^ I do wish not to be found idle when the Lord 
cometh.^^ 

How striking the fidelity, how noble the expres- 
sion, worthy to be engraven on imperishable mon- 
uments ! What more fitting, more suitable senti- 
ment for a watchman in Israel, and minister of the 
gospel to express. What sublime emotions swell 
the breast of those who have Jesus and his merits, 
to widen the circle of their now setting sun, with a 
purple flood of light. 

To see friends depart with whom we were wont to 



76 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

hold sweet communion on earth, watching with a 
sad heart the departure of the crimson wave of 
light, we see, or think we see, the messenger of 
death approach, but to dim our tearful vision at the 
moment when the golden fringe begins to brighten 
again, growing clearer and rising higher, as the 
emancipated spirit is about to pass through the 
gates into the City of the living God ! 

In a very brief and concise manner, have we 
endeavored to sketch or delineate the ministerial 
character, first of William Otterbein, secondly of 
Martin Boehm, thirdly of George Adam Guething, 
fourthly of Christian Newcomer, and fifthly and 
sixthly of John G. Pfrimmer and John Neiding. 
This has been more than an ordinary task for the 
writer, from one or two considerations. 

The first is found in the men themselves, of whom 
we should give and preserve a correct knowledge in 
this book. As men, and as good men, they were 
but men in common with others. But all should be 
aware, that they had no ordinary work assigned 
them in the vineyard of the Lord; and the graces, 
abilities, and talents with which they were endowed, 
were commensurate with the duties which they were 
required to perform. And these servants of God, 
we have seen, and have enjoyed a personal acquain- 
tance and ministerial relation with them ; and we 
have seen them descend into the tomb ; still we must 
confess, that we find not the ability to delineate suf- 
ficiently, either the character of the men, — the 
extent of their labors, or their resplendent virtues. 
Of this I am confident, the Biographic Sketches 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST, il 

fall much below the true standard; although I 
have endeavored to the best of my limited capacity, 
to give a faithful representation or portraiture, of 
each individual character, so that the reader may 
see them separate and apart, and then in his mind 
view them in a circle. 

My second reason is, I am aware, that there are 
those who are dear to me, as the surviving relatives 
and friends, and others as brethren in the Lord, of 
all those men of God, who are jealous for the honor 
of the deceased, and whose memory is sacred unto 
them, and this honor, this memory being no less 
sacred and dear to our entire Church, and all those 
friends would be ready witnesses, should my pen 
for a moment wander from the truth, or attempt to 
exaggerate in any one point. We may be below 
their true merit, above it we cannot rise. These 
brethren justly occupy the fore-ground as instru- 
meets in chief, guided by a wise and overruling 
Providence in the work of reformation, and the rise 
and progress of the Church of the United Brethren 
in Christ. 

Nothing could be more just, than to portray the 
character of the men whom the Lord was pleased 
to employ in the glorious reformation, and to afford 
a condensed view of their conversion, and espousal 
to God; of their call to the ministry, and their obe- 
dience to that call. Without this., the history itself 
would not only be very incomplete, but it would be 
found deficient in an essential point and the inquirer 
after truth, would be deprived of some of the mate- 



78 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



rial evidences, bearing direct testimony on the ques- 
tion, whether the raising up of the United Breth- 
ren in Christ, was the work of men, or the work of 
God. 



1785 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 79 



CHAPTER VII. 



Spread of the brethren among the Germans in Pennsylvania, Virginia 
and Maryland — They preceded the Methodist — The reason Asbury 
loved Otterbein and the brethren — Union of spirit between the 
Methodist and Brethren — Conference of 1800 — Adoption of the 
name United Brethren in Christ — Election of Superintendants 
Many large meetings held Great manifestations of the power of 
God. 

For the sake of order, and not to interrupt the 
Biography of brethren v/ith which we had commen- 
ced, it was beheved to be as well to notice the men 
first, and then to resume the thread of our narrative 
of the work, and the extension of the same, if it 
should take us back some years. It does not come 
within the range, we have allowed ourselves in 
this work, to trace out the same in its progress min- 
utely. We may take up a period, not of one, but 
of several years, which we deem all-sufficient for 
our purpose. 

In the year 1785, but a few years after the war, we 
find numerous congregations ^nd societies of breth- 
ren, in the States of Pennsylvania, Maryland and 
Virginia, i. e. as far as the German population was 
found in those States. In most, if aaot in all those 
places, the Brethren preachers preceded the Metho- 
dist, and were in advance of them some years. 
When the Methodist preachers first pushed their 
way into the German settlements and towns, the 



80 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1785 

Brethren were the first people who received them ta 
theu' houses, and afforded them opportunities and 
facihties to preach the gospel, and to extend the 
Redeemers kingdom among them. And this they 
did gladly, because they found that the preachers 
called Methodists, preached with much power and 
assurance, a living gospel, a living and heart-felt 
religion, in common with themselves. And though 
many understood the English language but indiffer- 
ently, yet they could see with their eyes, and feel in 
their hearts, that God was with those preachers ; and 
when they saw souls converted to God by their 
preaching, their joy knew no bounds, and they call- 
ed them their brethren in the Lord. This v\7ill ex- 
plain the reason why Bishop Asbury loved Otter- 
bein, and loved the brethren as he did ; and why 
Otterbein was requested to take part in his (Asbu- 
ry's,) ordination. The Bishop was too noble minded 
to be capable of being insensible to the debt of 
gratitude, which he himself and many others of his 
brethren owed to Otterbein and his German breth- 
ren. 

Hitherto, the brethern had been alone, for none- 
else as yet, had come up to the help of the Lord 
with them. Now came Francis Asbury, with some 
of his brethren, who upon acquaintance are found 
to hold the same doctrine, have the same living faith, 
drink of the same spiritual fountain, were baptized 
with the same spirit, urging sinners to repent, and 
withal, being humble and holy men, loving God 
with a pure heart, fervently, and raising up societies 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 81 

of devoted people. And these English men, call- 
ed Methodists, found in the United Brethren the 
same spirit of grace, and truth and love; hence they 
were drawn, and flowed together. A mutual friend- 
ship and confidence ensued. This friendship, this 
pure disinterested love, was of great advantage to 
the cause of religion, and the extension of the reign 
of grace. These brethren when met, for a time, 
knew no difference, — had many happy seasons, — 
saw powerful conversions, and extraordinary dis- 
plays of the outpouring of the spirit of God upon 
many people, as a result of their united labors. 

Wesley's rules, as far as they came in conflict 
with, or would for a moment have interrupted or 
marred the festive joy, were either suspended, or held 
subject to the higher law of the love of Christ, as 
now seen, and happily enjoyed by a people speak- 
ing different languages, and being independent 
of each other in their denominational character. 
But being, as already noticed, one in faith, in hope, 
and one in love. 

Would it were so now, 
Will it be so again ? on earth. 
And when ? 

I confess it is hard for me to get away from this 
sunny spot. The love, I trust, still burns within my 
breast. I can look back, and yet see the smiles and 
cordial shakes of the hand, {hands now cold in deaths 
while mine writes and trembles^ the hearty and joyous 
welcome, when Methodists and United Brethren 
met. Their songs, their voices, their shouts of Hal- 



83 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1800 

lelejah. Hallelujah, continued to ring — rings and 
vibrates in my nervous system, while I write, and 
thrills my very soul afresh. Whenever the mind 
dwells on the loveliness of those past scenes, an 
Angel seems to wisper, it was then, 

That the morning stars sang together, 
And all the sons of God shouted for joy : 

We are constrained to say — 

" What happy hours we once enjoyed. 
How sweet their memory stilL" 

" Then there was no iniquity in Jacob, 

Nor perverseness in Israel ; 

The Lord his God was with him, 

And the shout of a king was among them." 

Conference was held September 25, 1800, in Fred- 
erick county, Maryland, at the house of Bro. Peter 
Kemp, 

PREACHERS PRESENT. 



William Otterbein, 
Martin Boehm, 
G. A. Guething, 
C. Newcomer, 
Adam Lehman, 



Abraham Draksel, 
J. G. Pfrimmer, 
Christian Crum, 
Henry Crum, 
John Hershey, 



J. Geisinger, 
Henry Boehm, 
D. Aurauf, 
Jacob Bowlus. 



PREACHERS ABSENT. 

John Neiding, Frederick Shaffer, Martin Krider, Chris. Grosh, 
Abraham Mayer, G. Fortenbaugh, David Snyder, Adam Reigle, A. 
Hershey, Ch. Hershey, Pa,, John Ernst, M. Thomas, Md., S^mon 
Herre, Daniel Strickler, John Senseny, Abraham Hiestand artel I- 
Niswander from Virginia. 

At this Conference there being a good represen- 
tation of the Church in general, the name United 
Brethi-en, with the addition, in Christ, was adopted. 
The appellative. United Brethren, had characterized 
the Brethren as a distinct body of Christians for a 



1800 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 83 

considerable time, previous to the setting of this 
Conference. 

But it was suggested, (and not without reason) that 
the name United Brethren, when used in papers of 
record partaining to the Church, in property, be- 
queaths, legacies or otherwise, might raise a legal 
inquiry as to who, or what Church was intended by 
United Brethren, forasmuch as the Moravians, un- 
der Count Zinzendorf, 1727, had formed their first 
society, under, and by the name United Brethren, or 
Unitus Fratrum. To avoid a misapplication in 
consequence of the similarity of the name, which it 
was now too late to change — in Christy was added, 
and since then, has been written and known as The 
Church of the United Brethren in Christ. 

The next step the Conference took, was to elect 
two brethren to the office of superintendant, or bish- 
op, and William Otterbein and Martin Boehm were 
elected. By this, it is not to be understood that the 
Church had been without a chief. The office of 
superintendant had been exercised by Otterbein, up 
to this time, — not by right of election or choice, 
but by the force of circumstances, inseparately con- 
nected with the rise and progress of the Church. 
All eyes had been directed to him to lead in counsel; 
the preachers, not one excepted, paid this deference 
to him ; the care of all the Churches had been rest- 
ing upon him, and such was the love of obedience 
to him, that if he said to one go, he went; if to an- 
other come, he came. 

Some additional circuits, were also formed this 



84 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1800 

year, in Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia. The 
appointments of these were regularly kept up, and 
carefully attended to. To do this, however, requi- 
red that some of the brethren tax themselves to the 
fullest extent of their ability. This they did cheer- 
fully. 

The proceedings of this Conference, were the 
means of giving an increased impulse to the cause 
of religion. Ten great meetings were held in this 
Conference year, some of which were distinguished 
with great blessings. Many conversions, and some 
very powerful, took place at these meetings, partic- 
ularly at the Antietum, and at Abraham Mayers. 
Here grace triumphed, and Satan raged, to the per- 
secution of some of the converts. 

And in Virginia the meetings, we are rejoiced to 
write, were attended with the rich effusions of divine 
power and grace. At some of these, the people fell 
like mown grass before the Lord. The cry and dis- 
tress of soul manifested, was great, and great was 
the succeeding joy. 

But the preachers for want of time, were hurried 
away from these scenes, their battle fields, while yet 
sinners trembled, mourners were crying, we are lost, 
and tears were still falling fast and free. We said 
the preachers were hurried away, because the next,, 
and then the next appointment was pressing on. 

Painful and laborious as these frequent meetings 
were, having but few hours for refreshment and rest, 
they were nevertheless attended with good effects 
upon the people. The reluctance felt to see the 



1800 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 85 

preachers depart, cast a melancholy shade over the 
minds of the convicted, and but sunk their convic- 
tions the deeper, and made the wounded spirit cry 
more bitterly, " / am lost ! Lord have mercy ! so 
that the parting hour was often made the time of 
deliverance and rejoicing, to mourning souls. To 
the preachers it was a trial of faith, for when the time 
to leave came, here was the work apparently half 
done. How can they leave ? They themselves 
weep. Their souls are oppressed with intense feel- 
ings. They pray once more. Faith grows strong. 
Blessings descend. A shout bursts forth, — glory 
— glory — ! They go, and are happy i 

" On thy Church, power divine, 
Cause thy glorious face to shine ; 
Till the nations from afar, 
Hail her as their guiding star. 

^' Then shall God with mighty hand. 
Scatter blessings o'er the land ; 
And the world's remotest bound, 
With the voice of praise resound. 

** Lord thy Church hath seen thee rise 
To thy temple in the skies ; 
God my Saviour ! God my King I 
Here thy ransomed people sing. 

*'When in glories all divine, 

Through the earth thy Church shall shine ; 

Kings in prayer and praise shall wait, 

Bending at thy temple's gate. — Pleyel's Hymn. 



86 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1802 



CHAPTER VIII. 



Conference of 1801 — Otterbein's Conference sermon — Conference of 
1802 — The holding of great meetings a new measure — Love- 
feasts in the rise of the Church — their tendency to unite all 
Christians — Some cases of experience given — Sacramental occa- 
sions. 

September 23d, 1801, Conference was held at Bro. 
Peter Kemps, Frederick county, Md. 

There were present nineteen preachers. 

The statements made by the preachers, coming 
from the various parts of the Church in reference 
to the progress of the work, were very encouraging. 
Prosperity and success in winning souls, had atten- 
ted the labors of the brethren pretty generally the 
past Conference year. There were several conver- 
sions during Conference. In the Conference, great 
unanimity and brotherly love prevailed. 

Brother Otterbein preached, as it was his custom, 
a Conference sermon, from the Epistle of Jude, verse 
20, to 25, inclusive. The reader will not be displeas- 
ed to find the whole text quoted here: 

20. " But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on 
your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost. 

21. " Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking 
for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal 
life. 

22. " And of some have compassion, making a 
difference: 



1802 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 87 

23. " And others save with fear, pulling them out 
of the fire ; hating even the garment spotted by the 
flesh. 

24. " Now unto him that is able to keep you from 
falling, and to present you faultless before the pres- 
ence of his glory with exceeding joy, 

25. " To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory 
and majesty, dominion and power, both now and 
ever: Amen." 

The leading features comprised, 

I. The SANCTITY OF THE MINISTERIAL OFFICE. 

II. The servants of this office to be men op faith, 

OF PRAYER, AND OF THE HoLY GhOST. 

III. The duties of the office. 

IV. Its great responsibilities. 

While treating on the responsibilities of the min- 
isterial office, tears flowed in abundance^. — preach- 
ers and people wept together. The discourse left 
impressions not soon to be forgotten. 

Conference met at the house of Bro. John Cronise, 
Frederick county, Md. October 6th, 1802. 

William Otterbein and Martin Boehm presiding. 

The Conference was opened with singing and 
prayer by Bro. Boehm, and an address by brother 
Otterbein. 

The preachers present, as usual, according to rule, 
were all examined separately, and to their comfort 
andjoy, no circumstances had occurred to mar their 
deliberations, and the session of the Conference was 
closed on the evening of the second day, with a 



88 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1802 

sermon preached by Otterbein, from Hebrews 13: 
17, and exhortation by Bro. Boehm. 

Nineteen great meetings were held during this 
year. The times selected for holding these meetings, 
were the months of May, June, August, September 
and October. The holding of these meetings form- 
ed another link in the chain of reformation. It was 
a new measure, but one which was productive of 
much good, and resulted in the best of consequences. 
They afforded an enlarged field of action, and a 
wider spread of the knowledge of true religion, and 
a fit opportunity to enforce the practice of its mor- 
al precepts. Hundreds, and we may say thousands, 
by these means came to hear, who in the ordinary 
way of holding religious or divine worship, would 
not have been brought under the saving influence 
of this dispensation of life. Prejudices which had 
taken possession of the minds of many, accompa- 
nied by a sectarian spirit, were thereby more or 
less removed or shorn of their strength, and the 
best of all was, many experienced a change of 
heart. 

On the Sabbath day, the concourse of people was 
frequently such, as to render the administration of the 
holy sacrament on that day, impracticable. When 
this was the case, the love-feast and the sacrament 
were held on Monday. 

Those love-feasts in the early days of the rise of 
the Church, were peculiar to the time, and charac- 
teristic of the progress of a glorious reformation, 
wrought by Him who holds the seven stars in his 



1802 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 89 

right hand, and who said, " behold I have set before 
thee an open door." The distinctive divisions which 
embraced the German population and Churches, 
(as stated eleswhere,) consisting of Lutheran, Ger- 
man Reformed, Mennonite and Dunkards, had pre- 
vious to this, and at this very period, little or no 
christian fellowship or communion with each other 
as Churches. But here at these meetings they were 
seen and found worshipping God together, from the 
four divisions. We say in those love-feasts, the 
Dunkard, the Mennonite, and the high churchman, 
were alternately seen to rise and tell their christian 
experience. Men whose heads had become silver- 
ed by age, with the middle aged and the youth, 
testified for the first time, that God had bestowed 
upon them his mercy, and had pardoned their sins. 
The simplicity, the earnestness with which this tes- 
timony was delivered, could not fail to carry convic- 
tion with it. These witnesses showed how hard it 
was to give up all, in the midst of persecution, and 
the derision of friends, and false comforts of pastors, 
and to persevere in faith and prayer, until the blessr 
ing came. 

Two or three cases we will state in words, nearly, 
and we might say,, word for word as they passed. 

One arose and said, " I was brought up in the 
Church, I was catechised and confirmed — have 
been a member of the Church for twenty years, and 
yet, now only do I know by experience, the realities 
of religion." 

Another arose and said, " I was raised a Mennon- 
7 



90 HISTOKY OF THE CHURCH OF 

ite, — was received into that society in my eighteenth 
year. I am now forty years old. I led amorallife^ 
and was frequently told by my teachers, all was 
safe. But six months ago, I found myself a poor 
lost sinner. O I saw myself a great sinner, con- 
demned by the word of God, and the tribunal of my 
own conscience. My distress was great, but God 
has had mercy upon me, and blessed me. Christ 
died for me. I love the Lord, I love his people. O 
come, you are all my brethren ! You Presbyterians, 
you Lutherans, you my Mennonite brethren, who 
have not yet experienced the love of God. I was 
like you — ^ you know it, Oh come seek Jesus!" 

And yet another arose tremblingly, and the tears 
were rolling down his face. " Brethren," said he, " I 
came fifty miles to this meeting. I was raised in 
the Church. I was catechised, and was praised for 
learning the questions and answers so well. I was 
confirmed, partook of the holy sacrament — was a 
member in the Church — attended preaching faith- 
fully, and paid the preachers. I was considered by 
my neighbors and friends a good christian, although 
they knew I sometimes used profane language, with 
other conduct, unbecoming a christian. Some of 
the preachers w^ho are now in the stand, came and 
preached in my neighborhood. I would not go to 
hear them myself. The man who invited them to 
his house to preach, had been a particular friend of 
mine, until he had preaching at his house. He tried 
to reason with me, but I would listen to no reason. 
I said to him, you and I have been confirmed togeth- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 91 

er, and are members of one Church, what do you 
want with preaching at your house ? Is the preach- 
ing we have, not sufficient ? I hope you are not 
going to forsake the religion of your fore-fathers. 
What do you mean by saying we must be conver- 
ted, and pray to be saved? This is a new religion, 
I want none of it. Why should / jjray ? The 
preacher prays for me, and I pay him for it. I was 
angry and left him. 

" But it so happened that some of my family went 
to hear the brethren preach. One evening news 
was brought me, that my son was praying for mer- 
cy. Now my wrath for a time, knew no bounds, 
but I hoped I could soon cure him of it. I invited 
our preacher to visit us, believing he would soon 
talk my son out of his praying notions. But he 
referred the preacher to the Bible, and the promise 
he had made in confirmation, which he had not kept 
and could not keep, except God would give him a 
clean heart, and renew a right spirit within him. 
The preacher became thoughtful and left, I followed 
him out to the gate. Well what do you say of my 
son ? ' O it is best not to talk with him about relig- 
ion at this time. He had better not read much in 
the Bible or Testament. Give him money, and 
keep him out of the way of those preaching and 
prayer meetings,' &c., &c. But my son continued 
praying, and I kept my wrath. I now began to hate 
my neighbor, and wished those preachers and all 
of them were dead. I cursed them in my heart. 
Some time after this, the word was circulated that 



92 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1802 

a big meeting was to be held at my neighbor Mil- 
lers. We were cautioned from the pulpit not to go 
near it, nor to hear, lest the false prophets which 
should come in the last time, might deceive us, and 
I resolved not to go. But when the time for the 
meeting came, on Sabbath morning, I thought I 
might safely go, and hear a false prophet, for I had 
never heard one preach. I determined to be on my 
guard, and to keep just in hearing distance. When 
I first saw the preachers on the stand, my anger 
was somewhat raised against them ; after preaching, 
however, I felt calm, and addressed a friend, saying, 
wh}^ these men are like other men, only they would 
make one feel like a guilty sinner in the course of 
their preaching. 

" Monday morning, from a mere desire to see the 
end of this meeting, I went again, and when one and 
then another rose up, to tell their experience, I was 
surprised to hear men and women stand up in the 
congregation, and speak and talk about Jesus. But 
while some were telling how they had sinned against 
God, how they had been awakened and alarmed, 
how they had wept and mourned, and how the Lord 
had blessed them, and how they hoped to meet their 
christian friends in heaven, this cut me to the heart. 
I went home, and what I had heard and seen in that 
meeting, followed me night and day. Mourn and 
pray — meet friends in heaven — can I say so ? No. 
Next day when my wife looked at me, I thought 
she said to me, in heaven; my son too, I thought 
said, in heaven; and the wind which btew sharply that 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 93 

day, seemed to whisper, in heaven ! My peace was 
gone, I saw and felt that I was a great sinner, and 
what to do I knew not, or I did not want to know. 
I consulted our preacher again, and all the comfort 
which I received from him was, ' you had no business 
at that meeting, you was cautioned not to go, and 
now if you be foolish enough to make ship-wreck 
of your faith, which, however, he hoped I would not 
do, he had cleared his skirts of my blood. I, and those 
preachers might see to it.' 

" But said I, if the half is true of what I heard at 
that meeting, then I have no religion, my own 
heart condemns me. But you are our preacher, 
and you should know best. 

" He replied, ' you have a religion, and you promi- 
sed to live and die in this faith, and this religion ; 
what do you want with another religion ?' 

" I don't want another religion; I asked you, {Hci'r 
Pfarrcr, ) Mr. Pastor, what I should do ; I am a 
sinner and feel condemned. Many at the meeting, 
said they had experienced great distress of mind, 
but God had blessed them, pardoned their sins, and 
they were happy; but I am unhappy — miserable, 
tell me, am I in no danger, am I not lost ? 

" He gave a deep sigh, but said, ' we are all poor 
sinners in this world,' 

" I felt a desire to open the Bible, and the first 
verse I read was, ' Come unto me all ye that are 
weary and heavy laden, andp will give you rest.' 
Light sprang up in my mind, fear vanished, I felt, 
and now feel joy and peace in my Redeemer." 



94 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1802 

Many others related their christian experience in 
few words ; but the shortest of them was interesting 
and instructive, and was heightened by the reflec- 
tion, that many, of these witnesses were persons 
more or less advanced in life, and they were rendered 
the more impressive from the fact, that nearly all 
who had so lately obtained a practical experi- 
ence, had been members of some Church ; but by 
cold formalities, and the unsocial and repulsive no- 
tions of sectarianism, had hitherto been kept apart. 
The joy which they now felt, the baptism of love in 
Christ, with which they had been baptized, made 
them a people of one heart, one mind, one aim, one 
hope of their calling in Christ ; and the same free 
spirit of heavenly grace, ruled all hearts. In the 
administration of the sacrament, distinction of Sects 
and Churches appeared for the time, to be lost in 
christian fellowship and love. For as one, they 
were seen approaching the Lord's table as sons and 
daughters of one Father — even their Father in 
heaven, and celebrating the dying love of Jesus 
Christ, their glorious Redeemer. 

These meetings, however long they have been in 
use in the Church, have not lost in interest and vital- 
ity to this day. They have been most signally own- 
ed and blessed as a means of grace, by the Great 
Head of the Church, and there is no doubt, but that 
tliere are many in heaven who have dated their con- 
viction and conversion to them, 

" Oh ! great is Jehovah, and great be his praise. 
In the City of God he is King ; 



1802 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 95 

Proclaim ye his ransomed in heavenly strains, 
On the mount of his holiness sing. 

The joy of earth, from her beautiful height, 

Is Zion's most glorious hill ; 
The Lord in her temple still taketh delight, 

•God reigns in her palaces stilL 

Let the daughters of Judah be glad for thy love. 

The mountain of Zion rejoice ; 
For thou wilt establish her seat from above. 

Wilt make her the throne of thy choice. 

•Go walk about Zion and measure her length, 
'Her walls and her watchman, mark well ; 

Behold her palaces, how glorious In strength. 
In her towers — Immanuel reigns. 

Then say to your children— Our refugo is tried, * 

This God is our God to the end ; 
Sis people forever his counsels shall guide, 

His arm shall forever defend.— Montgosiery-. 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1803 



CHAPTEH IX. 



Conference of 1803 — Meeting at Shopps — Removal west of ther 
Allegheny mountains — The power of the spirit of God — The 
Brethren Church identified with a blessed work of grace — Confer- 
ence of 1804 — Sacramental meeting at Antietum — Doctor Senseny 
of Virginia and family — Con. of 1805 — Election of Bishops. 

Conference met at the house of Bro. David Sny- 
der, Cumberland county, Pa., October 5th, 1803. 

Present, William Otterbein and Martin Boehm.. 

How many preachers attended at this Confer- 
ence, we are not prepared to state. The preachers 
present were all examined, and their character and 
usefulness particularly inquired into. Bro. Chr. 
Grosh preached at candle-light, second day of the 
session. Father Otterbein delivered a very interest- 
ing discourse. M. Boehm followed him. In the 
evening Bro. Christian Berger addressed the congre- 
gation. 

On the 7th Conference closed its session. 

" On the 8th, a meeting commenced at Br. Shopps; 
father Boehm opened the meeting, and preached 
with great power. The word reached the heart; 
many were deeply affected. The slain of the Lord 
were found lying in every direction, lamenting and 
crying aloud for mercy.. Many obtained peace with 
God in the pardon of their sins. 

Love-feast held on Sabbath morning ; the breth- 
ren and sisters spoke very feelingly, and with great 



1803 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 97 

liberty of the dealings and mercies of God. It was 
a refreshing season. Father Otterbein preached 
with great power and energy. The grace of God 
wrought powerfully among the people. A man fell 
suddenly to the ground, and cried for mercy ; others 
were so affected, that they were unable to move 
from where they were sitting or standing ; and at 
the close of the meeting, some had to be led, and 
some carried away." — Newcomer's Journal. 

A gracious revival of religion took place this 
year, 1803, west of the Allegheny mountains, espe- 
cially in what is called the Glades, also in West- 
moreland and Washington counties, under the 
preaching of Bro, J. G. Pfrimmer and Christian 
Berger. Bro. C. Newcomer who visited those parts 
that year, writes under date of Nov. 10th: — 

" Preached at John Bonnets. I had not spoken 
long, before some of my hearers fell to the floor, 
others stood trembling and crying so loud that my 
voice could not well be heard. 

" On the 11th, we had meeting at Swope's, and 
here the power of God was displayed in a most 
marvelous manner. The whole congregation was 
moved, and seemed to wave like corn before a 
mighty wind. Lamentation and mourning was 
very general. Many were the wounded and slain* 
Some of the most stubborn sinners fell instantly be- 
fore the power of God. The meeting continued the 
whole night, and some were enabled to rejoice in 
the pardoning love of God. 

" On Sunday we had a Pentecost. From three to 



98 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1803 

four hundred persons had collected ; more than the 
barn in which we had assembled for worship, would 
contain. The congregation was remarkably atten- 
tive to the word. Though it rained, those that had 
no shelter in the barn, kept their stand in the rain. 
During the time of preaching, the exhibition of God's 
power for the salvation of the people, was seen and 
felt. Many fell from their seats, some laid as if they 
were dead. The weeping, and crying, and praying, 
came from all parts of the congregation." 

From the time of this meeting, twenty years had 
passed away, when the writer had the happiness to 
become acquainted with brethren and sisters, who 
at that meeting had espoused the cause of religion, 
and who were still faithful servants of the Lord. 
Some of these have I met in the far west, to which 
they had emigrated, and where they had raised the 
standard of the cross. 

And though years had fled away since that blessed 
period in their life, and being now far distant from 
the place where God had first spoken peace to their 
then troubled souls, their memory still lingered with 
delight around that happy scene. And more than 
this, we have seen some of them spend their last 
hour on earth, heard their last prayer, and have 
seen them die in peace. 

And some we have seen and conversed with, 
whose recollection of that meeting had not faded 
from their mind, but that recollection was now 
painful, because they had backslidden, and for years 
had been cold andprayerless, and strangers to grace. 



1803 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 99 

But these confessed that they had once enjoyed 
religion, and knew when and where it had been, and 
the preachers who ministered unto them at that time, 
the word. Recollection, what is it? How sweet to 
the former — how condemnatory, how bitter to the 
latter. 

In future we may probably say but little on the 
present subject, and therefore before we discontinue 
the same in our history, we will revert to it in this 
place, which we think will be sufficient for our pur- 
pose. 

What subject? 

That of which we have been writing in the preced- 
ing pages — "the power of the spirit of God" in the 
conviction and conversion of the people. And how 
in preaching and other devotional exercises, that 
power manifested itself in the effects it produced in 
the assemblies. Not a simple assent to the truth, 
and coming with a tearless eye, and wish to the 
altar of prayer, there to obtain mercy and pardon; 
but with a heart awakened and alarmed by the ter- 
rors of God's holy law, — overcome with a sense 
of remorse, and feeling pierced with the arrows of 
conviction, and the soul of the guilty sinner, agita- 
ted and apparently lost, weeps, and prays, and la- 
ments its lost estate, and asks the question, what 
shall I do to be saved ? 

Now, should we see ten, or twenty, or fifty, or one 
hundi'ed and fift}^ persons thus affected, agitated 
and alarmed, and fearful of the just sentence of the 
Judge, praying and weeping tears of the deepest 



100 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1803 

sorrow ; what hope and fear would not spring up 1 
what noise, what commotion, what intense feelings, 
what excitement this would cause in all directions: 
and without these there never was, and while men 
are sinners, never will be a true reformation. And 
what are the benefits and advantages which we 
may expect to reap from religious meetings, distin- 
guished and marked by such effects upon the as- 
sembled multitude, through the preaching of the 
gospel and the agency of the Holy Ghost. 

We put the question again, and ask — and all 
who will, may ask, with serious and candid reflec- 
tions, 

What are the Benefits, the Advantages, the Re- 
sults ? 

Let those best competent to judge, answer. Let 
those who have been the immediate subjects of this 
excitement, of this divine power, ansiver. Let those 
who have been benefited by the conversion of others, 
answer. Let the illustrious trophies of the blessed 
gospel in the hands of an itinerant mmistry , answer . 
Let prayer-meetings, class-meetings and love-feast- 
meetings, answer; above all let the Word of God, 
the song of the Redeemed in heaven, and the fruit- 
less remorse of lost souls, answer! 

In view of this momentous and sublime subject, 
few indeed, if any, will be found, who will be so 
suicidal as to desire a Church that is silent or rejects 
this part of the economy of grace, and whose min- 
istration is performed year in, and year out, in the 
absence of sinners trembling because of sin, mour. 



1803 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 101 

ners weeping, and crying to God for mercy and 
pardon, and where the shout of the blessed of the 
Lord, is never heard within her walls. 

That the Brethren Church has been identified 
with a blessed work of grace, from the reception of 
the first ray of gospel light, which she was permitted 
to reflect, and which has from that period to the pres- 
ent day, continued to shine around her with increasing 
strength, her present position amply sustains ; and 
in a retrospect of the past, will be equally sustained 
by the best of testimony. 

From father Newcomer's Journal, dated Glades, 
Somerset county, Pa., Nov. 19th, 1803, we will make 
some extracts which come in place here: 

" Preached this day at Michael Sterner 's, to a nu- 
merous congregation. Rode to Zug's, followed by 
many of the persons whom we had addressed at 
Sterner's. Here we met with a still larger congre- 
gation. I gave an exhortation, the hearts of the 
hearers were immediately touched, all young and 
old began to cry and pray. A man fell to the floor 
and laid a considerable time as if lifeless. 

"Sunday 20th. This forenoon the meeting was 
very full. Addressed the audience from 1st Peter, 1: 
3, 4, 5. Bro. Ch. Crum spoke also, and it pleased 
God to accompany the word with power, and many 
cried aloud for mercy. We dismissed the people, but 
they had no desire to depart. I addressed them 
again. We met again at candle-light, and the 
presence of the Lord continued with us. On every 
side the people fell to the floor. Among these, was 



102 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1804 

a youth of about 13 years of age. Some were 
struck with awe, others flew into a passion, taking 
hold of their friends and carrying them out of the 
house, saying this was the work of the deviL I en- 
deavored to persuade them with meekness, to let the 
distressed alone, to have a little patience, that God 
would bless their friends, and restore them to con- 
sciousness again ; adding, if it is the work of the 
devil, or the powers of darkness, your friends will 
curse when they revive ; and if the work is of God, 
they will pray and praise the Lord. They had car- 
ried the youth up stairs, and there laid him on a bed, 
watching him with great anxiety. When he came 
to himself he began to praise the Lord, and exhorted 
all around him in so wonderful a manner, that a 
number of them came in distress, confessing with 
tears that they had sinned against God, and saying 
' what shall we do to be saved.' They sent for me 
to come and pray for them, for said they, ' we are 
lost and undone forever.' And some of these also 
obtained mercy and pardon ; and now they again in 
turn, exhorted their friends to fly to the outstretched 
arms of sovereign mercy." 

This year Conference was appointed to meet at 
the house of Bro. David Snyders, Cumberland Co., 
Pa., Oct. 3d, 1804. 

But an epidemic fever prevailing to a great extent, 
(such as had not been known,) in Maryland and in 
the vicinity where the Conference was to sit, but five 
brethren came to attend, to wit: 



1804 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 103 

Martin Boehm, Frederick SchaiFer, C. Newcomer, 
Abraham Mayer, and Matthias Bortsfield. 

The brethren thus met, examined the letters, sent 
into the Conference, and no more brethren arriving, 
adjom-ned the meeting, after resolving that the next 
Annual Conference should be held at Bro. Jacob 
Baulus', near Middletown, Maryland, on the Wed- 
nesday before White-Sunday, 1805. 

May 19th, a sacramental meeting commenced at 
the Antietum, (Bro. G. A. Guething's house.) at 
which father Otterbein was present, and preached 
on Saturday, from Isaiah 51: 7, 8. 

On the Sabbath Bro. Otterbein preached again^ 
from Psalms 72, wdth his usual energy, perspicuity, 
and divine power. Under preaching, and at the 
communion table, tears of sorrow and of joy flowed 
abundantly, and the wells of salvation furnished a 
rich supply. 

Brother Doctor Senseny of Winchester Virginia, 
died this year. Bro. Senseny had been an early 
member in the Brethren Church, and for some years, 
and up to the time of his death, an acceptable and 
useful preacher. 

His business was the medical profession, in which 
he was very successful, possessing much skill and 
talent for usefulness in that department. 

In his attendance on the sick, he had made it his 
constant practice to say a word to the patient, of 
Jesus, the great Physician of souls, and often was 
seen to kneel at the bed side of the sick, and pray 
fervently. His exemplary life, his humility, his love 



104 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1804 

and kindness, his piety and charity to the poor, se- 
cured to him the respect, esteem and love of all who 
came within the sphere of his acquaintance. His 
last illness was very brief. He had but a few days 
notice of his approaching death. Surrounded by a 
dearly beloved family — wife, and sons and daugh- 
ters, and dear brethren in the Church, and wealth 
and friends. But Bro. Senseny met this sudden call 
of his Divine Master, with christian resignation, and 
was enabled to leave this world with joy and peace, 
saying — " Lord Jesus I come !" 

Some of the Doctor's children followed their 
Father in life, as he had followed Christ. Saints^ 
consistent and eminently pious, especially his son 
John Senseny, and his daughter, Mrs. Danner, of 
Middletown, Frederick county, Va. Bro. John was 
a happy man, raised a numerous family of children. 
These, I have reason to believe, all of them in due 
time, became subjects of divine grace; and some of 
them we know, have ere this passed away, and have 
been taken to their home in heaven, and some are 
yet with us on earth serving the Lord. John Sen- 
seny himself, and his dear companion, have also 
been removed to that rest which awaits the peo- 
ple of God. They left a glorious testimony behind. 

John's house was a preaching place, and the 
preacher's friendly home for many years. And 
there poor unworthy I had one of the best New 
Year meetings, A. D. 1815. We had enjoyed a 
glorious revival, and nineteen grown persons were 
baptized on that memorable occasion. As it were, 



1805 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 105 

I see Bro. Senseny yet, and hear his clear and joyous 
voice. His — " O ! who is like Jesus — Hallelujah," 
would sweep across the lyre of the soul, in notes 
growing sweeter and sweeter as the repetition came. 
So much for the biographic sketch of Doctor Sen- 
seny, his children, and children's children, who in a 
line of succession have belonged to the household 
of God, and Christ, and heaven. 

Conference met at the house of brother Jacob 
Baulus, Frederick county, Maryland, May 29th, 
1805. 

Twenty one preachers attended. 

Otterbein and Boehm were re-elected superinten- 
dents. 

This election, or re-election would have been held 
at the Conference the year preceding, but as stated 
from the general sickness which prevailed at the 
time, only a few Brethren had come to Conference. 
M. Boehm was present, and Otterbein was absent. 
This shows that from the first it was intended to 
renew the election of Bishops every four years. 

This Conference went through all the business 
which came before it, with great harmony, and is 
distinguished on one account. It was the last An- 
nual Conference which the venerable father Otter- 
bein attended, he being now in his 79th year. Age 
and infirmity denied him, and the brethren that 
BOON for the remainder of his life. 

Bro. Boehm was at this time in his 80th year. 
8 



106 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER X. 



Review of an account of Wm. Otterbein and Martin Boehm, which 
will be found in the Methodist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 210 249 — 
Stating that it was furnished at the special request of Bishop Asbu- 
ry some time before his death, by his friend F. HoUingsworth, who 
transcribed the bishop's journal; and which will also be found in the 
history of the Methodist Episcopal Church, by Nathan Bangs, D. D. 
Vol. II. p. 365, 376. 

" Martin Boehm of whom we desire to speak ; the 
labors and experience of his life, as a professor of 
religion and minister of Christ, may be pretty justly 
estimated by what we learn from himself, commu- 
nicated in answers to certain questions propounded 
to him by his son Jacob, which we here transcribe: 

QuES. Father, when were you put into the min- 
istry ? 

Ans. My ministerial labors began about the year 
1756. Three years afterward, by nomination of 
the lot, I received full pastoral orders! 

QuES. What was your religious experience at 
that time ? 

Ans. I was sincere and strict in the religious du- 
ties of prayer in my family, in the congregation, 
and in the closet. I lived and preached according 
to the light I had, I was a servant, and not a son ; 
nor did I know any one at that time, who could 
claim the birth-right by adoption, but Nancy Keagy , 
my mother's sister; she was a woman of great piety 
and singular devotion to God. 



1806 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 107 

QuES. By what means did you discover the na- 
ture and necessity of a real change of heart ? 

Ans* By deep meditation upon the doctrine which 
I myself preached, of the fall of man — his sinful 
estate, and utter helplessness, I discovered and felt 
the want of Christ within, &c., &c. 

QuES. Were your labors owned of the Lord in 
the awakening and conversion of souls ? 

Ans. Yes: many were brought to the knowledge 
of the truth. But it was a strange work; and some 
of the Me nnonist meeting-houses were closed against 
me. Nevertheless I was received in other places. I 
now preached the gospel spiritually, and powerfully. 
Some years afterward, I was ex-communicated from 
the Mennonist Church, on a charge truly enough 
advanced, of holding fellowship with other societies 
of a different language. I had invited the Mennon- 
ites* to my house, and they soon formed the society 
in my neighborhood, which exists to this day: my 
beloved wife Eve, my children and my cousin Kea- 
gy's family, were among the first of its members. 
For myself, I felt my heart more greatly enlarged 
toward all religious persons, and to all denomina- 
tions of christians. Upward of thirty years ago, I 
became acquainted with my greatly beloved brother 
William Otterbein, and several other ministers; who 
about this time had been ejected from their Churches, 
as I had been from mine, because of their zeal, 
which was looked upon as an irregularity. We held 

Note. — Mennonites should certainly be Methodic This mistake 
was overlooked by the publisher, we suppose. [Ed. 



l08 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OP 1806 

many large meetings in Pennsylvania, Maryland 
and New Virginia, which generally lasted three 
days: at these meetings, hundreds were made the 
subjects of penitence and pardon. Being convin- 
ced of the necessity of order and discipline in the 
Church of God, and having no wish to be at the 
head of a separate body, I advised serious persons 
to join the Methodists, whose doctrine, discipline^ 
and zeal suited, as I thought, an unlearned, sincere 
and simple hearted people. Several of the minis- 
ters with whom I labored, continued to meet in a 
Conference of the German United Brethren ; but we 
felt the difficulties arising from the want of that 
which the Methodists possessed. Age having over- 
taken me with some of its accompanying infirmitiesy 
I could not travel as I had formerly done. In 1802 
I enrolfed my name on a Methodist class-book, and 
I have found great comfort in meeting with my 
brethren. I can truly say my last days are my best 
days. My beloved Eve is traveling with me the 
same road Zionward ; my children and most of my 
grand-children, are made the partakers of the same 
grace. I am this 12th of April, 1811, in my eighty- 
sixth year. Through the boundless goodness of God, 
I am still able to visit the sick, and occasionally to 
preach in the neighborhood : to his name be all the 
glory in Christ Jesus." 

To this Bishop Asbury adds as a tribute of testi- 
mony: 

" Honest and unsuspecting, he had not a strange 
face for strange people. He did not make the gos- 



1806 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 109 

pel a charge to any one, his reward was souls and 
glory. His conversation was in heaven. Plain in 
dress and manners, when age had stamped its im- 
press of reverence upon him, he filled the mind with 
the noble idea of a patriarch." 

The first remark we make on the foregoing is, — 
That as father Boehm spoke but little English at 
best, the foregoing questions and answers were 
neither written nor spoken by him in English. True 
he went to Virginia in 1761; but not as Jacob would 
have it understood, before he had experienced a 
change of heart, hut after that event. As to the state- 
ment we have given of the cause of his going to Va., 
we are safe to vouch for its correctness, for we had 
it from his own lips, and for some reason, not given 
by Jacob, may be kinked or warped in the English 
version. 

The second exception we take is, on the ground 
of enrolling in 1802 his name on a Methodist class- 
book. That his name was placed on the class -book 
is true. The circumstances of which were as fol- 
lows : — • 

A meeting house had been built on Bro. Boehm's 
land, principally by Bro. Boehm, and the aid of his 
German brethren. Big meetings had been held at 
that place at an early period of our history, and for 
many years thereafter. We will take notice of one 
of these meetings at Boehm's meeting house, under 
date of October 17th 1801. 

A sacramental meeting was appointed at this 
place — a great many people attended; Newcomer 



110 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1806 

spoke first. The grace of God was powerfully 
present; some were crying for mercy, and others 
praised God with a loud voice. At the evening 
meeting, the Lord displayed his power in a wonder- 
ful manner; old and young were filled with joy; 
never perhaps, was a whole congregation so happy. 
Sabbath morning was a happy and blessed time 
in love-feast ; Bro . D . Strickler spoke first — Neiding 
and Newcomer also addressed the audience. At 
candle-light the house was very full ; in a short 
time all were again quickened, and gave glory to 
God, for hope of immortality, and a foretaste of ce- 
lestial joy. 

See also, C. Newcomer's Journal, p. 87. 

At this meeting house, the Methodists had formed 
a class, previous to the year 1802, under a liberal 
construction of their rules, and hence with the free 
assent of Bro. Boehm. But this liberality was some 
time after withdrawn, and the restrictive rule rela- 
ting to class-meetings and love-feasts, was insisted 
on, and even the venerable Boehm was not excep- 
ted. Here was a dilemma. To admit Bro. Boehm, 
the preachers said, was in violation of an express 
disciplinary rule ; and to deny him the privilege in 
his own meeting house, was hard, but the law is im- 
perative and binding. Now comes the gist of the 
matter. Bro. Boehm was entreated, /or form sake 
at least, to allow his name to go on the class-book, 
nominally, as a private member, and all would be 
right. To this, for peace sake, he consented, and 
nothing more > 



1806 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. Ill 

How far the law of kindness, of christian friend- 
ship and hospitality, and the law of pure love, had 
to stand aside in this case, we leave to every one to 
draw his own conclusions. 

As it was, it did not give the brethren a moments 
concern. Nor would we here have taken any no- 
tice of it at all, had not the Methodist E. Church 
with all kindness, taken this matter into her Church 
account, and made it a subject of record. With no 
less courtesy and respect to that Church, we felt 
bound to take notice of it in our own history. This 
notice of Messrs. Otterbein and Boehm in the history 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, furnishes one 
material evidence, to wit: 

That the United Brethren Church did not origi- 
nate in the M. E. Church ; and saves us the trouble, 
if trouble it might be, to disclaim that honor, as far 
as that Church is concerned. 

In conclusion on this topic, we remark, that Bro. 
Boehm's relation to the Brethren Church, was un- 
broken from first to last, as has already been seen. 
This our Annual Conference proceedings sufficient- 
ly show. 

In 1800, in connection with Otterbein, Boehm was 
elected Bishop. 

Was prevented by sickness from attending the 
Conference of 1801. 

Attended Conference in Maryland in 1802. 

Was re-elected Bishop in 1805, and attended the 
Conference in 1809, which was the last this devoted 
servant of the Lord, enjoyed with his brethren in the 



112 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1806 

Church on earth. From this time, to the time of his 
death, great age, with its accompanying infirmities 
alone prevented him from attending an Annual 
Conference. 



1809 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 113 



CHAPTER XL 



Friendly correspondence with the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

In the year 1809, commenced a friendly corres- 
pondence between the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
and our Church. For this purpose Bro. C. New- 
comer attended the Annual Conference, for the Bal- 
timore district, which was held in Harrisburg, Vir- 
ginia. That Conference appointed a committee of 
five Elders, to confer with Bro. Newcomer, on a 
plan of union. That committee made a favorable re- 
port, and the Conference resolved to send a friendly 
letter by Bro. Newcomer, to be delivered to father 
Otterbein, also resolved to send a messenger to lay 
their report before our next Annual Conference, 
which was done. Upon the reception of this report, 
a letter of amity and reciprocal friendship, was sent 
from the Brethren Conference, through their messen- 
ger to the Annual Conference of the M. E. Church, 
which met in Baltimore in 1810. This Conference 
resolved to continue the friendly correspondence, 
and settle on the plan of harmonizing in some res- 
pects, with the United Brethren in Christ. 

This treaty, if we may so call it, of amity and 
friendship rested on the conviction founded in Scrip- 
ture and christian experience, that a christian 
people, who had all the essential and important ele- 
ments of our holy religion, in doctrine, in faith, ex- 
perience and practice, in connection with a living 



114 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1810 

and itinerant ministry among them, and who occu- 
pied the relations of co-workers in the great reform- 
ation, and the glorious results of the same in the 
nineteenth century, should have some bond of union, 
some fraternal relations, more than had hitherto 
been exhibited and cherished by the great family of 
Protestant Churches. And in the observance of 
which they might find a cause to vie with each oth- 
er in those delightful acts of brotherly kindness, and 
in the interchanges in public worship, as well as in 
the social and more endearing enjoyments of pray- 
er, class, and love-feast-meetings. 

February 24th, 1812, Bro. Newcomer met Bishop 
Asbury in Leesburgh, Virginia. There the Bishop 
invited Bro. N., to attend the Philadelphia Confer- 
ence in April, in order to assist in effecting a link 
of union and brotherly fellowship within the bounds 
of that Conference. 

Bro. Newcomer attended accordingly ; and the 
Conference appointed Thomas Ware, Bouring, and 
Bro. Fox, a committee to confer with Bro. Newcom- 
er. The Conference also resolved that they would 
act, and go as far in this matter as the Baltimore 
Conference had done, and to signify the same, they 
addressed a letter to the Conference of the United 
Brethren, with a second resolve to send two messen- 
gers, to consult more fully on this subject with our 
Annual Conference. 

The points in this agreement were but few, leav- 
ing each Church entire and distinct as they had 
been previous to this arrangement. The first was, 



1810 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 115 

that the meeting houses on each side should be 
open, when not occupied by themselves. Secondly, 
that the members in and from each Church, should 
be admitted into the class-meetings, prayer-meet- 
ings, and love-feast meetings, at all times when 
they should present themselves for admission. 

This plant was allowed to live but a few years. 

The venerable Patriarch in the M. E. Church, 
who had aided in planting this olive plant between 
the two Churches, and rejoiced in it, had but just 
left the Church on earth, and gone up to heaven; * 
when a Presiding Elder in that good Church, in his 
great zeal, declared he should recognize it no longer, 
and would close the door against the members of 
our Church. 

He began to do this without one word of warning 

in H , and in our own meetinghouse, in which 

they held their Quarterly-meeting at the time . This 
was beginning Judgement at the house of God. 
We made no complaint, our meeting houses, our 
class-meetings, prayer and love-feast meetings, re- 
mained, as they are to this day, open and ii-ee. 



We have concluded to insert at the close of this 
chapter, some letters of correspondence between the 
Methodist Episcopal Church and the United Breth- 
ren. They are, we think, worth preserving in this 
permanent form. They show a sweet spirit of 
brotherly love, which was well understood by our 

* Bishop Asbury died March 31st, 1816. 



116 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

author, and is beautifully expressed in the prece- 
ding chapter. 

That was indeed a " sunny spot," and we hope to 
see the day when the whole christian world will be 
united as closely in the bonds of christian brother- 
hood. Then this entire earth will be a sunny spot 
in the Universe of God. [Ed. 

Baltimore, Md. 1808. 

To the Conference of the " United Brethren in Christ.^ ^ 
Very Dear Brethren: 

We the members of the Baltimore Conference, being 
deeply sensible of the great utility of union among Christian Ministers; 
as far as circumstances will permit, in carrying on the work of God, 
and promoting the interest of the Redeemer's Kingdom: believing that 
you are friends, and brethren, engaged in the same glorious work with 
ourselves, have after mature deliberation, thought proper to offer to 
you the following terms, in order to establish a closer and more per- 
manent union among us. 

1st. We think it advisable for your own good, and prosperity, that 
each Minister or Preacher, who is acknowledged by the " United 
Brethren in Christ," should receive from their Conference a regular 
license; which may introduce them to our Pulpits, and Church privi- 
leges, and thereby prevent impositions, as there are many who profess 
to be in union with you, that are not acknowledged by you. And we 
would further advise, that you favor each of our Presiding Elders, 
with a list of the names of those Ministers so acknowledged and licen- 
sed by you within the bounds of his district, that there may be no 
difficulties in admitting them to onr privileges. And we would fur- 
ther observe, that all our traveling Ministers aud Preachers, have their 
names printed in the minutes of our Annual Conferences, and our 
local Ministers and Preachers, have credentials of ordination, or a 
written license, and we hope that you will admit none to your privi- 
leges, calling themselves Methodist Preachers, but such as have their 
names on the minutes, or licensed as above mentioned. 

2nd. As we have long experienced the utility of a Christian Disci- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 117 

pline, to prevent immorality among our people; we would earnestly 
recommend to you, to establish a strict Discipline among you, which 
may be a "defence on your glory." Our Discipline is printed in your 
language, and we would recommend it to your consideration, to adopt 
it, or any part of it, that you in your wisdom may think proper; or 
any other form that you may judge be^t. And that under a Discipline 
80 established, you make use of every Christian and prudential means, 
to unite your members together in societies among yourselves; by 
these means we think, your people will become more spiritual, and 
your labors be more successful under the blessing of God. 

3d. All those members among you, who are united in such societies, 
or may hereafter be united, may be admitted to the privileges of Class- 
meetings, Sacraments and Love-feasts in our Church: provided they 
have a certificate of their membership, signed by a regularly licensed 
Preacher of your Church. And to prevent inconveniences, we wish 
you to furnish each of our Preachers with a list of the names of all 
such members as may be in the bounds of their respective circuits, 
that they may know who are your members. 

In order farther to establish this union, icJdch ice so much desire, wo 
have given particular instructions to our Presiding Elders and Preach- 
ers who have the charge of districts, and circuits, where the "United 
Brethren in Christ*' live, to admit your Preachers and members as 
above specified, to our privileges; and also to leave a list of the names 
of your Preachers and members in the bounds of their respective dis- 
tricts or circuits, for their successors, that they may have no difficul- 
ties in knowing tvho you acknowledge as Preachers '■^r members. 

Thus dear Brethren you may see, that we sincerelv wish to accom- 
modate you as far as we can consistent with the Discipline which binds 
us together as a spiritual people. We think that we have proposed to 
you, such terms of accommodation as will meet your wishes; and if 
carried into operation among you, we hope, and believe a door will be 
opened for general usefulness among and with each other. We are 
persuaded that the great Head of the Church will smile on us, and 
own our labors of love, and we shall be blest in seeing our children con- 
verted to God ! And become useful members of that Church, which 
they may choose. 

And now dear Brethren, we commend you, and your charge to God; 
praying that tlie Lord may be with you, and bless you, in your Con- 



118 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

ference, and bless your honest labors to promote his glory, and the in- 
terests of Christ's Kingdom in the world. 
We are, dear Brethren, 

your sincere friends, 

and Brethren in Christ, 
Signed by order, and in behalf of the Conference. 

FRANCIS ASBURY, 
WILLIAM McKENDREE. 



Lancaster Co., Pa., May lOth, 1809. 
To the Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church.. 
Much REsrscTEo Brethren in Christ: 

Being in Conference assembled ; and after taking into 
serious consideration all those points concerning a closer union be- 
tween the "United Brethren in Christ," and that of the " Methodist 
Episcopal Church," as they have been proposed by an Epistle from 
the late Baltimore Conference; directed to us: as also; verbally by two 
of your Ministers, namely, James Hunter and Jas. Smith. It does 
appear that the fundamental Christian doctrine, as held by both socie- 
ties, to be the same; and all the difference existing between the two, is 
in relation to some external Church regulations. 

Truly, it is to be lamented — that not only in these latter days, but 
throughout the past centuries by the setting up and obtruding of opin- 
ions, immense harm has been done; yet our Conference does not 
mean by this animadversion, to hint as though umbrage was taken, in 
view of your late Epistle to us, but barely mention it as a matter of 
reflection. As to the first point proposed, concerning a written license 
to be given to our Preachers, we must here inform you, that we had 
already come to a conclusion as to that matter, but yet till now there 
were some among us, who had not received a formally written license, 
but shall be supplied with them in future, and such as may refuse 
them, we wish you to look upon, not as Ministers ordained by us; for 
we do not intend to receive any professing to belong to your Confer- 
ence, except they have a certificate, or license from the same. 

This we conceive to be highly necessary in order to prevent imposi- 
tion from being practiced upon us. 

In relation to the second point, concerning a token to be given to all 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 119 

our members by our respective Preachers, in order that they may find 
access to the Lord's Supper at protracted meetings, and the like, in 
your Church, as above mentioned, we think it proper and are perfectly 
willing to agree, with that order which becomes the Christians. 

Concerning the third point: we would say, in respect to such as in- 
dulge in an unchristian course of conduct, or conversation, that they 
shall remain deprived of Christian fellowship and communion, as long 
as they remain impenitent, and neglect to amend their ways. Thus if 
we continue not to do unto others that which we would not wish done 
unto us, and thus being guided by the influence of grace divine, we 
are confident that jars will soon subside and contention die forever. 
Any farther points to be considered, will be deferred to the sitting of 
our next Conference. May the God of love deign to unite us still clo- 
ser in the bonds of peace here, and throughout eternal ages. 

Be assured of our sincere love, as fellow laborers in the cause of 
Christ. 

Signed by order, and in behalf of the Conference. 

MARTIN BOEHM, 
GEORGE A. GEETING, 
CHRISTIAN NEWCOMER. 



To the " United Brethren in Christ.''^ 
Dear Brethren: 

We hereby acknowledge the receipt of the letter of the 
Conference of the United Brethren, bearing date, May lOth, 1809; 
and are pleased to observe, that you are fully sensible of the propriety 
of mutual letters of recommendation, both for preachers and members 
of the two societies who may wish to participate in each others privi- 
leges. We most earnestly encourage you to persevere in so useful a 
determination, and give it the fullest effect, as not only the two socie- 
ties, but the church of Christ, and the cause of God in general, are in- 
terested in the detection of imposition among us. 

Your determination to postpone the consideration of the subject of 
Discipline, until your next Conference, makes it improper for us to 
resume that subject; presuming that you had sufficient reasons for so 
doing. We should have been highly gratified if it had been consistent 
with your circumstances to have given a final decision on the principles 



120 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

of the union which we proposed; and which we conceive is devoutly 
to be desired by the two societies. We are thankful to find that the 
spirit of christian and brotherly love still prevails among you toward 
us; and do assure you, that we reciprocate the affection, and hope nev- 
er to do to you otherwise than we would have you do to us; and shall 
continue to receive with an attention suitable to their importance, any 
communication, which you may deem proper to forward to us. 

Wishing you great peace in your own souls, and great harmony in 
your Conference, and great success in your ministerial labors. 

We remain your Brothers and fellow laborers in the kingdom and 
patience of Christ. 

Signed in the behalf of the Conference. 

JOSEPH TOY, SecY 



Address to the "United Brethren in Christ.^^ 
Dearly Beloveb Brethren: 

Having received your letter, &c., &c., we final- 
ly agree with you to give the right hand of fellowship, to preach the 
gospel of a Crucified Redeemer, and work together in spiritual peace 
and harmony, to bring lost sinners home to God, through repentance 
and holiness. And we further agree with you, that our preaching 
houses of public worship, shall be open to all your preachers who have 
license from you. Likewise it is our earnest wish, that you should 
open all your public preaching houses to all our preachers that have 
written license from us. We also inform you, that we have regula- 
tions upon record to walk by. To direct our preachers to keep class- 
meetings, or to form classes at any place they think proper, &c. And 
lastly we give unto you the right hand of fellowship, and assure you 
that we shall always as much as in our power lies to do unto you, as 
we wish you to do unto us. We also crave an interest in your prayers, 
and assure you that it is our full desire to live in as close a connection 
with you as the nature of the case will admit, to bear with each other 
in love; and holding the same principles, and preaching the same doc- 
trines, will not suffer smaller things; and only the shadows of religion 
to separate us from each other. 

An extract from the Journal of 1810. 

NICHOLAS SNETHEN 

Christian Newcomer. 



1811 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 121 

An address from the Baltimore Annual Conference, to the " United 
Brethren in Christ.''^ 
Dearly Beloved Brethren: 

We have received your affectionate letter, with 
hearty thankfulness, that the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the 
God of all peace and consolation, has inclined your hearts to unite in 
the bonds of the Gospel, to walk in love as Christ also hath loved us, 
and given himself for us. 

We consider now, if we have not misunderstood you, that we are 
fully agreed in respect to the necessity of union and a mutual endeavor 
to accomplish it. We have therefore directed and instructed all our 
Presiding Elders and Preachers, whose business it may be to consult 
with the United Brethren in their several districts and circuits, about 
the most expedient form of carrying the proposed union into effect. 
To our own forms of license and certifications, &c., we presume you 
can have no objections, as they have been of long use among us. If 
you have already a fixed form, we shall cheerfully accept it; and would 
only advise, that if you have one yet to fix upon, you may bear iu 
mind, whether it will not be proper to be somewhat uniform in the 
formation of the License, for ^our Preachers, and the Certificates for 
your members, but should you see proper to vary in different places, 
our brethren are instructed to make no objections on that head; but 
merely to seek for information and conform to your usage accordingly. 

You will please then. Dear Brethren, to accept from us the right 
hand of fellowship, and our assurances, that all our preaching houses 
shall be open to your licensed preachers, as far as our power and ad- 
vice may be extended, (for some of our houses may be under the con- 
trol of trustees,) and that our sacraments, love-feasts and class-meet- 
ings shall be open to your members, who apply with such form of 
certification as you may judge proper, according to our proposals, sent 
to you from the Harrisburg Conference. 

As soon as our Presiding Elders and Preachers return to their res- 
pective districts and circuits, we shall consider this union as having 
fully commenced on our part. But we propose to keep open an inter- 
course between the two Conferences: to improve and perfect the plan, 
as far as experience may furnish matter of improvement. 

We hope to hear from you at our next Annual Conference. And 
we invite you to exercise the fullest confidence in us in your corres- 

a 



122 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1811 

pondence. Having given yovi this invitation, we take the same liberty. 
We hope you will not indulge for a moment, a suspicion that we wish 
to interfere in your Conference and Church concerns. There will 
constantly, no doubt, be many in both Churches, not disposed to be- 
come privileged members; none of our regulations can have any ef- 
fect upon such. But knowing, as we both do, the imperfections of 
human nature, we cannot help foreseeing that offences will come be- 
tween the ministry and members of the two Churches, who claim 
privileges. Now we think that some plan ought to be agreed upon 
for the settlement of all such difficulties. As nothing can now be 
done decisively, we beg leave to propose the following plan for consid- 
eration. 

First. — If any preacher or member of either Chiirch, claiming to 
be a privileged preacher or member in the other, shall be accused of 
any thing contrary to christian prudence, or christian conduct, by the 
Church in which he may be a privileged preacher or member; the ac- 
cusation shall be made to the Conference or Church in which he is in 
regular membership, who shall try and judge accordingly; but in 
cases of this kind, if the difficulty be not settled according to the 
satisfaction of the Conference or church-meeting, bringing the 
accusation; his brethren shall advise and request him to deisst 
from the use of the privileges, and to confine himself to his own proper 
Conference or Church. 

Second. — No preacher or member, who shall have been excluded by 
one Conference or Church, shall be received by the other. 

Third. — As often as may be convenient, a messenger shall be sent 
with any letter which shall be addressed from one Conference to the 
other, with instructions to explain any difficulties 

We invite our Beloved Brother Newcomer to a seat in our Confer- 
ence, as your messenger; and he is doubly dear to us as a messenger of 
such joyful tidings of brotherly love from you. " How beautiful upon 
the mountains are the feet" of all the messengers of mercy, love, 
peace and good will. 

We have the happiness to inform you that we have enjoyed great 
harmony and love in our Conference; and by what we can learn of 
the state of religion at present, we have many tokens of good, and 
abundance of evidence that God is waiting to be gracious. 

Wishing you peace and prosperity in the kingdom and patience of 



1811 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 123 

our Lord Jesus Christ We remain your affectionate Brethren in the 
bonds of christian fellowship. 
March 27, 1811. JOSEPH TOY, Sec'y. 



An address from the United Brethren in Christ, to the Methodist Episcopal 
{Conference. 

Dearly Beloved Brethren in Christ: 

We have received your affectionate letter, 
bearing date, March 27th, 1811, by our Brothers Borg and Swertzwel- 
der, with much joy and thankfulness: seeing therein, that the God of 
love has united your hearts in peace and harmony with us; to unite 
more and more together in the bonds of the Gospel. We are certain 
Brethren, if we walk in the light, as children of the light, we shall ere 
long be of one heart and one mind, seeing likewise blessed fruits of our 
Union together in a measure already, and the glorious prospect before 
us, we do not hesitate a moment longer to give you the right hand of 
christian fellowship ; again, we have now formed our membership into 
classes as much as possible, however there are a number yet among us, 
who have not joined with us in this privilege so long delayed by us, 
we earnestly hope that you will instruct your traveling preachers to 
bear with such, as much as the order of your church will admit. We 
would further inform you that we have drawn up some regulations or 
discipline among us, and shall endeavor more and more, to put them 
into effect among ourselves and our members. 

Any preacher or private member expelled from your Church, will 
not be received by us, to the fellowship of saints in Christ; and we do 
hope that you will do the same, in relation to those expelled by us, at 
least, until sufficient reason be found of their repentance, and good 
fruits. 

We likewise hope that our mutual friendship and love to each other, 
will be increased yet more and more, and that the intercourse by letter 
and messengers from, and to each Conference, may be kept up yearly, 
through which medium difSculties may be readily adjusted, and more 
especially as such messengers, or communications will be joyfully re- 
ceived by us, and appreciated in the best possible way. 

And lastly; may the God of all peace and consolation, who has uni- 
ted our hearts together in the gospel, spread his militant Church by us 



124 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

from pole to pole. — And finally when time is no more, make us one 
and all, members of his Church triumphant, to praise God, and the 
Lamb forever. — Remember us before the throne of God is the earnest 
prayer of your affectionate Brethren; wishing you peace and prosper- 
ty in the kingdom and patience of our Lord Jesus Christ. We re- 
main your affectionate Brethren in the bonds of christian fellowship. 
Signed by order and in behalf of the Conference. 

CHRISTIAN NEWCOMER. 
May 25th, 1811. 



An address from the Methodist Episcopal Conference, assembled at Lees- 
hurghyto the United Brethren in Christ. 

TO THE CONFERENCE. OF THE UNITED BRETHREN. 

Grace and peace be multiplied unto you, through out Lord and Sa- 
viour Jesus Christ. Behold how good and pleasant a thing it is for 
brethren to dwell in unity. May the holy leaven, leaven the whole 
lump. We do most cordially aud sincerely join with you in praying 
that HE who has united our hearts in the Gospel, may make us instru- 
mental in assisting to spread his Militant Church from pole to- pol'e,. 
and finally, when time is no more, make us one and all members of 
the Church triumphant, to praise God and the Lamb forever and ever. 

We have the happiness to inform you that we do not recollect when 
we had so gracious a sitting together. " Our peace surpasseth all un- 
derstanding, and our joy is unspeakable and full of glory." We taste 
unspeakable bliss. " The power of the Highest overshadowed us, 
and the glory of God is in in the midst of us," hallelujah! 

We have instructed our preachers to deal very tenderly with those 
members of your Church who have not fully come into our measures 
of union, as far as the rules and orders of our Church will admit; hop- 
ing and trusting that you will still do all in your power to promote and 
extend the spirit and practice of Discipline among them; it being evi- 
dent that our mutual success depends upon our union, wherever our 
lines of labor come together. 

We agree with you in the advantage of correspondence and an in- 
terchange of messengers. Bro. Newcomer was received by us, and 
we have appointed our Brothers Alfred; Griffith and John Swertzwel- 



1812 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 125 

der, as messengers to your next Conference, with whom you may con- 
sult on any subject relative to the desired object of a final and perfect 
harmony. 

We remain, dear Brethren, your affectionate fellow-laborors, in the 
bonds peace. NICHOLAS SNETHEN 

March 26, 1812. 



An address to the (inference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, assem- 
bled in Baltimore, from the United Brethren Church. 
Dearly Belov-ed Brethren: 

When the members of the Conference of the United 
Brethren assembled at G. A. Guething's, with the greatest satisfaction, 
we mention the receipt of your address from Leesburgh. Our 
souls have been truly refreshed: particularly when we received the 
news of love, uniting our kindred souls. We will adopt the language 
of the royal Psalmist with you: " 'Tis good and pleasant for brethren 
to dwell together in unity." We do cordially and sincerely pray that 
Jehovah may make us individually instrumental in spreading his 
blessed cause, and extending his Militant Church from the rivers to the 
ends of the earth. We rejoice with you, that the power of the Lord 
was in your midst; our hearts also burned with love while consulting 
on the welfare of Zion. 

We are truly thankful for the delicacy and tenderness intimated in 
your letter, as touching those members of our Church that may not 
as yet, be divested of certain peculiarities. But we humbly hope that 
the mists will ere long, through the effulgence of gospel day, be disper- 
sed from every mind. We have in many places, succeeded in forming 
class-meetings and extending discipline, and as far as prudence shall 
dictate, we will pursue. 

An interchange of messengers and correspondence, will still be 
deemed a favor. Brothers A. Griffith and J. Swertzwelder, were 
thankfully received by us; with whom we had the happiness to con- 
sult on the much desired subject of permanent peace and harmony. 

Bro. G. A. Guething and C. Newcomer, were instructed as messen- 
gers to you. Finally, brethren, may the God of love and peace unite 



126 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



our hearts and efforts in the indissoluble bonds of Jesus' love; is the 
prayer of your fellow-laborers in the blessed gospel of peace. 

Signed in behalf, and by consent of the Conference. 

CHRISTIAN NEWCOMER. 

Washington Co., Md. May 13, 1812. 



1811 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 127 



CHAPTER XII. 



Bro. Peter Kemp — his death — John Hershey — character — death 
— Death of Martin Boehm — Conference of 1812 — Close of the 
life of G. A. Guething. 

In the year 1811, two of the preachers were called 
to rest from their labors. Peter Kemp and John 
Hershey. 

Bro. P. Kemp died at his residence near Frederick- 
town, Maryland, February 26th, 1811 . He had been 
an early and efficient supporter of the rising Church. 
His house for many years, had been the preacher's 
home, and continued to be so long after his decease. 
Some time in the night, he was asked by a brother, 
whether the love of Christ was present with him ? 
He answered, " O yes, bless the Lord, I shall soon 
be with him." He began to sink slowly, till in the 
morning between 5 and 6 o'clock, he expired in the 
arms of Jesus, while the family and friends were en- 
gaged in prayer around his dying bed. 

Bro. G. A. Guething preached the funeral discourse 
from Psalm 8: 5. 

Eight days had scarcely passed from the depar- 
ture of Bro. Kemp, when the Church was called 
upon to part with another of her beloved sons in the 
gospel. 

Bro. John Hershey departed this -life at Ms home, 
near Hagerstown, Maryland, March 4th, 1811. Like 
Bro. Kemp, Bro. Hershey was a long, a loying, and 



128 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1812 

a tried friend in the cause of that religion which he 
honored and adorned, by his pious and upright man- 
ner of living in this world; as one who knew that 
when this earthly house should be dissolved, he had 
a building of God, a house not made with hands, 
eternal in the heavens. Bro. Hershey was a co- 
worker with Newcomer, Guething and Otterbein. 
In him the Church lost a dear friend; but she has 
had, and still has the consoling reflection, that his 
descendants in righteousness, have flourished like 
the palm-tree, and have stood by the Church in her 
trials, and have answered a father's prayer, and 
legacy bequeathed with his dying breath. 

"The Church has wept 

111 sadness o'er the loss, 
• in Christ they sleep ; 



Who bore on earth his cross. 
And from the grave their dust shall rise, 
In Christ's own Image to the skies!" 

This year in our history is remarkable, as well as 
some of the preceding years, for an increase in re- 
ligious interest, and numerous accessions to the 
Church. But it is marked in our record, with the 
important event of two of the fathers of the Church, 
being taken suddenly away from her embrace. 

Bro. Martin Boehm fell asleep in Jesus, March 
23d, 1812. His days of illness were but few. For 
a person of his age, he had enjoyed a remarkable 
good state of health. He was still active, and able 
to ride some short distance, till within a few days of 
his dissolution. But death was to come, and it 



1812 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 129 

came, and found this servant of the Lord ready. 
The icy hand of death diminished the vital flame 
gradually, and without much pain. No one thought 
him near dying at the first indisposition, but death 
had begun to loose the silver cord, and to show its 
effects, by symptoms of increasing debility and weak- 
ness. He asked to be raised up in the bed, — said 
he wished to sing and pray once more before he 
left, which he did, with a clear and distinct voice. 
This done, he desired to be laid back on his pillow, 
and behold he was no more ! 

His remains rest with others, in the cemetery near 
his meeting house, overlooking the home-stead. 
A fit resting place for the earthly remains of such a 
saint — 

THE 

KEY. MARTIN BOEHxM: 

AGED 86 YEARS, 3 MONTHS, AND 11 DAYS. 

PREACHED FIFTY-FOUR YEARS. 

Conference met at the Antietum, May 12th, 1812. 

Bro. G. A. Guething presided at this Conference, 
which was his last. No one anticipated such an 
event. He appeared in reasonable health, and re- 
markably good spirits. Bro. Guething accompani- 
ed by his wife, went to the City of Baltimore, to 
spend a week or two with his dearly beloved Bro. 
William Otterbein, and other Baltimorian brethren. 
But becoming somewhat indisposed, he shortened 
that visit, and left the City for home — put up at 
Mr. Snyders, about 30 miles from the City. Here 



130 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1812 

the indisposition increased during the night. Early 
in the morning, he enjoyed a little rest, conversed 
with his companion, and Mrs. Snyder, about the 
christian's hope, and the pros pects of a glorious im- 
mortality. He became silent, and then said, " I 
feel as though my end had come. Hark — hark — who 
spoke, whose voice is this I hear! Light — light, 
what golden light. Now all is dark again ; please 
help me out of this bed." They did so. "Now let 
us sing. 

Komm' du lang verlangte Stunde, 

Komm' du Lebensgeist von oben; 
O wie soil mein froher Munde, 

Jesu deine Treue loben; 
Wann mich deine Liebesmacht, 

Dir zu dienen frei gemacht. 

(translation .) 

Come thou long expected moment, 

Come thou spirit from on high, 
'Tis thy call my Lord and Master; 

How shall I express my joy, 
When thy grace and power of love, 

Bids me rise to climes above. 

He now sunk on his knees, leaning against the 
bed, and prayed fervently, giving thanks to God for 
his abundant mercy toward him, his unprofitable 
servant. Such a prayer offered up at the very gate 
of heaven! In this prayer, there was no doubt, no 
fear, no desire for a respite. But God the Father, 
was confidently asked for the sake of Christ Jesus 
our Saviour, to look upon him, to hear and accept 



1812 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 131 

this his petition, to receive his poor servant, and to 
take him up to himself, for the sake of the great 
love wherewith he had loved him, and delivered him 
from all evil: Amen. He was helped into the bed 
again, where in about fifteen minutes, with his hands 
calmly folded, the ransomed spirit fled. 

" In condescending love 

Thy ceaseless prayer he heard; 
And bade thee suddenly remove 

To thy complete reward: 
Ready to bring thee peace, 

Thy beauteous feet were shod, 
When mercy signed thy soul's release* 

And caught thee up to God. 

Redeemed from earth and pain, 

Ah! when shall we ascend, 
And all in Jesus' presence reign 

With our translated friend? 
Come Lord and quickly come, 

And when in thee complete. 
Receive thy longing servants home. 

To triumph at thy feet!" — Whitefield's Req. 

THE 

REV. GEORGE A. GUETHING, 

ENDED HIS master's LABORS, AND HIS LIFE, 

JUNE 28, 1812: 

AGED 71 YEARS 4 MONTHS AND 22 DAYS. 

TIME SPRNT IN THE MINISTRY FORTY YEARS 



132 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1813 



CHAPTER XIII. 



Remarks on the character of William Ottcrbein — he was no partisan 
— his purity — conversation — mode of living — kindness to the 
poor — closing scene of his life — his burial — Bishop Asbury's 
sermon in Otterbein's Church after his death — Inscription on 
his tombstone. 

This year, 1813. is marked with the closing scene 
of the life of the Reverend Wilham Otterbein, whose 
Biographic Sketch in conclusion, will be found here. 

When a great and good man is taken from us, 
who has devoted his life, his energies, his years, in a 
word, his all, to benefit and advance his fellow man, 
in his highest and best interests, to ameliorate his 
present position in life, and to point out to him the 
means, by the use of which he can secure to himself 
permanent and enduring felicity, any information 
respecting the life, the character, and the end of such 
an one, is generally sought after, and read with 
interest. From these considerations, it has been 
deemed our duty to notice with others as we have 
done in this volume, the life, character and end of 
the Rev. William Otterbein. But to furnish a com- 
plete and systematic narrative, either of him, or of 
others who have, or may yet be named, would carry 
us beyond our limits. Beside the author is sensible 
of his inability to delineate fully the character of this 
great man. But this defect is amply supplied, when 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 133 

we view the Church of the United Brethren in Christ 
as it is: 

1st, In the doctrine she teaches. 

2d, The principles and faith she contends for. 

3d, Her form of Government. 

These reflect the mind and character of Mr. Ot- 
terbein in their truest light, — which can not be 
augmented by the love of fame; nor can it be de- 
pressed by the jealousy of lesser minds. 

He was no partisan. From first to last, nothing 
was further from him, than to use his talents or the 
office of his calling, to cause schism in any Church, 
or to put himself forward as a leader. Neverthe- 
less, the work of reformation proceeded onward 
under his guidance, and by his prudential measures, 
was gaining firmness and stability, as it progressed. 
Yet he would not be called chief. 

Although he had made Baltimore his home, he 
continued his journeys, visiting the Churches, labor- 
ing constantly, until age and infirmities confined 
him to the City. 

His character was pure. As a minister of the 
gospel, he was solemn and serious. No lightness in 
conversation; no too free allusion to his divine 
Master, nor his attributes, ever escaped his lips. 
The character, the Omniscience of the Supreme Be- 
ing, was with him in word and thought, the profoun- 
dest subject of reverence and awe, and visibly filled 
the whole of his great mind with the most reveren- 
tial emotions. 

Jr conversation, open and free, yet no one could 



134 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

approach him, but with respect, nor converse with 
him, without feeling a sense of his superior intellect 
and purity of heart. With ease and simplicity he 
was sure to make conversation interesting, useful 
and instructive. 

In his pastoral visits and social conversations, one 
of his peculiar sentences was — " It is not good to 
be much made of, it will raise pride." 

Men occupying respectable positions in life, but 
Deists in principle, were frequently known to visit 
him, for the purpose of trjdng the strength of his 
mind, and depth of his thoughts, or perhaps to see 
their error by the cogency of his arguments. He 
would let them state their objections against the 
Bible, to which he would reply with grace and dig- 
nity, and then with the word of the Lord, sweep 
away their refuge of lies. 

On a certain occasion, he asked one of those De- 
ists, " Sir can you tell me how your nails grow on 
your fingers ? 

The unbeliever answered some what equivo- 
cally, but finally was obliged to answer in the neg- 
ative. 

Then said the father of the Church, "go home 
and learn the truth of that text in Job, 11:7. ' Canst 
thou by searching find out God,' and be advised, 
when you come the next time, to be better prepared 
to defend your doctrine." 

His manner of preaching was calm and collected, 
giving every word its full sound, and every sentence 
a finish. And this much may be said of many oth- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 135 

ers. But Mr. Otterbein excelled in the depth of 
thought, in argument, and in the clearness with 
which he presented scripture truths. In speaking of 
man as a sinner, — of Christ as a Saviour, there 
was a display of the plan of salvation, of the power 
of the gospel, and of the faith and victory of that 
gospel to the believer, which ever made on an audi- 
ence the deepest impressions, and was listened to 
with wonder and delight. But when addressing 
himself to impenitent sinners, every word seemed to 
weigh a talent, and every sentence burn like fire ; 
and this was done with a sympathising dignity and 
solicitude, which could not fail to be seen and felt. 

His mode of living was of the most frugal kind, 
and that to the last days of his life. And why so ? 
His love and charity to the destitute , was only limited 
on his part by the want of means. Daily, Sunday 
excepted, did the indigent, and the common beggars 
of the City, knock at his door for alms, and which 
on his part were as freely given, as they on their 
part made the call. 

We give a case. His suit of clothing being much 
worn, and not having means wherewith to purchase 
another, his friends guessing the cause, sent him 
some cloth. But still the old garment was worn, till 
one of the friends remarked, that his tailor must 
have forgotten him, upon which Mr. Otterbein wiped 
a tear from his eye, and pointed his friend to some 
beggars opposite the house. The friend took the 
hint, and sent another supply of cloth to the tailor 
at once, lest it should be disposed of in the same way. 



136 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

After this incident, some of the friends frequently 
furnished him with certain kinds of cloth for distri- 
bution to the needy. His demise was an occasion 
of real sorrow to this class of people, and who were 
not a few; heartily did they lament and mourn the 
loss of this their earthly friend and patron. 

" With them his name shall live, 

Through long succeeding years, 
Embalmed — with all their hearts can give^ 

Their praises and their tears. 

We shall now view him on a dying bed. His day 
of life had been long and toilsome, but the evening 
came, and with it calmness and tranquillity. His 
sun was about to set with a smile ; but in that smile, 
there was suffering from an asthmatic affection, 
which had afflicted him for some time, and which, 
as his end approached, became the more distress- 
ing. 

The friends that gathered around him, were soon 
assured that his end had come. The Rev. Doctor 
D. Kurtz offered up at his bed side, the last vocal 
prayer, at the close of which, Otterbein responded 
in the following words: " Amen — Amen ! it is fin- 
ished." His last quotation from scripture, was from 
Luke 2: 29-30. "Lord now lettest thou thy ser- 
vant depart in peace according to thy word; 
for mine eyes have seen thy salvation." As the 
friends now looked on him, they felt pierced with 
sorrow, while wrapt in the solemnity of the death of 
a Father in Israel. 



1813 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 137 

When able to speak once more, he said, " Jesus — 
Jesus — 1 die; but thou livest, and soon shall I live 
with thee — the conflict is over and past — I begin 
to feel an unspeakable fullness of love and peace 
divine, — lay my head on my pillow, and be still" — 
and stillness reigned in the chamber of death. No, 
not of death, the chariot of Israel had come. "See," 
whispered one, " how sweet, how easy he breathes:" 
a smile, a fresh glow lit up his countenance, and be- 
hold it is death ! 

"He taught us how to live, and Oh! too high I 
A price of knowledge taught us how to die." 

[ One circumstance in Otterbein's death, we would 
beg leave not to omit. A. Bruner, one of Otter- 
bein's warmest friends, lived out of the City at the 
time of Otterbein's last illness. Bruner, at Otter- 
bein's request, was sent for, and came, but having 
business in New York, the Doctor thought Otter- 
bein might live till he would return. While Bruner 
was in New York, he dreamed that he saw W. Otter- 
bein fly up through the air, havingseven lights in his 
hands, on which he awoke, and immediately looked 
at his watch. On his return home, he ascertained 
that Otterbein had departed this life, and on inquiry 
at what time, found it was precisely at the same 
time he had his dream. He just arrived in time to 
meet the procession at the grave. ] 

The amiable and humble Bruner, a long and tried 
friend of Otterbein, was himself a light while here 
on earth, is gone home ; he died a peaceful and 

10 



138 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

happy death, and has long since entered into rest. 

Bishop Asbury, March 13th, 1814, as a token of 
true friendship and love, preached a sermon on the 
death of Wm. Otterbein, taking his text from Rev. 
3: 10, 11. Of this memorable occasion, Bishop As- 
bury entered the following note in his Journal: 

*' By request, I discoursed on the character of the 
Angel of the Church of Philadelphia, in allusion to 
Wm. Otterbein — the holy, the great Otterbein — 
whose funeral discourse it w^as intended to be. Sol- 
emnity marked the silent meeting in the German 
Church, where were assembled the members of our 
Conference, and many of the clergy of the City. 

" Forty years have I known the retiring modesty 
of this man of God, towering majestic above his 
fellows, in learning, wisdom, and grace, yet seeking 
to be known only to God, and the people of God." 

This sermon of Bishop Asbury's was delivered in 
the Church so long occupied by Otterbein in Balti- 
more. It was spoken of throughout the City, as 
one of exceeding sublimity and interest. 

Otterbein's remains are deposited in the City of Bal- 
timore, and Church-yard on Howard's hill. In enter 
ing the gate immediately in front of the Church from 
Conway street, the passage to the Church, leads 
through a small yard, called Otterbein grave yard. 
There the sainted Father of blessed memory lies 
alone, there being no other grave in this apartment. 
The grave is adorned with two plain marble slabs, 
the upper one resting on four pillars of marble, with 
the following inscription: — 



1813 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 139 

HIER RUHEN DIE GEBEINE 

DES VERSTORBENEN 

WILLIAM OTTERBEII. 

GEBOHREN 4. JUNI 1726. 

GESTOEBEN 17. NOVEMBER, 1813: 

SEINES ALTERS 87 YAHRE, 5 MONATH, 13 TAGE- 

"Selig sind die Todten, die in DEM Herrn STER- 
ben; sie ruhen von ihrer Arbeit und ihre Werke 

FOLGEN IHNEN NACH." 



HERE REST THE REMAINS 

OF 

WILLIAM OTTERBEII. 

HE WAS BORN JUNE 4, 1726. 

DEPARTED THIS LIFE NOV. 17, 1813. 

aged 87 years, 5 months, and 13 days. 
*' Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord, for 

THEY rest from THEIR LABORS, AND THEIR WORKS IK) 
FOLLOW THEM." 

IN THE MINISTRY 62 YEARS. 



140 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

We have just received the following certificate of 
ordination and recommendation given to William 
Otterbein in the year 1752. We have been very 
kindly furnished with a translation by the Rev. Mr. 
Ford, Professor of Languages in St. Xavier College 
Cincinnati. It is a document, we think, well worth 
preserving. [Ed. 

LICTUTIS SALUTEM ! 



Infra scrip tus testor, Reverendum et doctissimum juvenem Phil- 
ippum Guilielnrum Otterbein, patria Nassauicum, Dillenburgu natum, 
sancti ministeru candidatum classis tertise et hujus pcedagogu proecep- 
torem, a me impetrasse manuura impositionem pro ordinationis axio- 
raate, assistentibus, Ct. Arnoldo professore atgue ccetus Herbonnensis 
pastore, et admodum Reverendo Klingelkafero gusdera ecclesiae sec- 
undario, ut vicariam in coetu Ockersdorpiano opem prcEstaret. Quare 
eum guem auditorem quondam nostrum dileximus; nune vero ad 
peregunas oras appulsurum, omnibus guibus prosentes interesse pos- 
sunt commendamus; ipsi fausta quoevis ex animo proecantes, hasque 
literas tamquam perpetui mei erga eum afFectusmonumentumsignantes. 
Datum apud Herbonnam. 

A. D. Millesimo Leptingintesimo quinquagesimo secundo. 

JOANNES HENRICUS SCHRAMMIUS. 
Theologioe Doctor et ecclesiam 

Nassauicaram su perintendens. 
Signum. 



(tr a NSL ATI on .) 

TO THE READER GREETING ! 



I, the undersigned testify, that the Reverend and very learned 
young man, Philip William Otterbein, who was born in the town of 
Dillenburg, in the Dutchy of Nassau, a candidate of the third class for 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 141 

the holy ministry, and a teacher of this College, obtained from me the 
imposition of hands; (as a proof of his legitimate ordination,) in the 
presence of Ct Arnold, Professor, and a minister of the congregation 
of Herbonn, and the very Reverend Klingelkafer, an assistant in the 
same Church, with the view of exercising his ministerial functions in 
the assembly of Okersdorpia. Wherefore, we commend to all whom 
the present letter may interest, our former much esteemed hearer, who 
is now about to emigrate to a foreign country, and wish him a prosper- 
ous voyage. We subscribe this letter as a testimonial of our never 
failing affection towards him. 

Dated at Herbonn, 3rd day before March, 1752. 

JOHN HENRY SCHRAMM. 
Doctor of Theology and Superintendent 
Sign or SeaL of the Church of Nassau. 



142 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1813 



CHAPTER XIV. 



After the death of Otterbein, the Pa. An. Conference supplied the Ot- 
bein Church — Attempt to eiFect a union between the United Breth- 
ren and the Evangelical Association. 

After the departure of Otterbein, the Pennsylva- 
nia Annual Conference supplied the preacher for 
the Baltimore Church. Bro. Frederick Schaffer 
happened to be in Baltimore at the time of Otter- 
bein's death, was retained by the congregation and 
vestry, to the sitting of the Pennsylvania Annual 
Conference, which met in Hagerstown, 1815, when 
Bro. Joseph Hoffman was appointed to the Otter- 
bein Church in Baltimore, over which he watched 
with great ability for three years, when according to 
a rule of discipline, the Church was supplied by 
another from said Pa. Conference, and has been 
thus supplied ever since. * 

It is a matter of some importance, and not un- 
worthy of a notice here, that an attempt was made 
to effect a union between the United Brethren, and 
the Evangelical association, (Albrights.) 

For this purpose, in April 1813, Bro. Chr. New- 
comer attended their Conference, and the propriety 
©f a union between the tv^o Churches, was freely 
discussed by that Conference. Bro. Newcomer laid 
the discipline of our Church, before them for exam- 

* The Rev. George Miller of the Pennsylvania Conferenc©, is tha 
present Pastor of the Church^ 



1813 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 143 

ination, to whicli no objection was made; but with 
seeming cordiality approved. And they delivered to 
Bro. Newcomer, a written communication on the 
subject of union, to be laid before our Conference, 
which met soon thereafter at Chr. Herr's, Lancaster 
county, Pa. 

Here it was resolved that a committee of four 
brethren from our Church, meet a like committee ap- 
pointed by the Albright brethren, for the purpose of 
uniting, if practicable, the two societies. The breth- 
ren on our part, were Christian Crum, Christian 
Newcomer, Joseph Hoffman and Jacob Baulus. On 
the part of the Albrights, were George Miller, John 
Walter, John Dresbach and Henry Neible. These 
brethren met near New Berlin, Pa., Nov. 11, 1813, 
and after consulting for several days, the intended 
object of the meeting failed. 

The name of Mr. Albright was then dear to some, 
and they on their part felt a reluctance to give it up 
entirely. On our part it was intimated that the name 
of no man should be distinctive of a christian 
Church. Second objection on their part, was to the 
example of feet washing, (according to our disci- 
pline.) This was viewed by them in a less favora- 
ble light. The last, and to them the mo^st impor- 
tant objection to a union, was this: The fact that 
our discipline makes no distinction between the trav- 
eling and local ministry, as being equal members of 
the Annual and other Conferences. This being a 
fundamental article of our Church economy, oui- 
delegates were not authorized, nor were they wil- 



144 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

ling to change the same as the basis of a union, and 
they on their part would not agree to admit the local 
preacher to a seat and voice in the Annual Confer- 
ence. This third item was a sine qua non with them; 
and thus ended this well meant scheme for union 
with the Albrights. 

In this last item, why illiberal and partial to apart 
of the ministry ? Why draw a line of distinction 
where the scriptures make none? Titus 1: 7, 8, 9. 

In this, as well as some other disciplinary rules, 
Mr. Albright may have followed too closely the 
Church from whence he came. And thus on unten- 
able ground, many Churches are unhappily kept 
assunder, and thus hinder the diffusion of the spirit 
of christian friendship and love. Every good and 
liberal minded man, must confess and lament this 
as a misfortune. This spirit has not been confined 
to a few, but governs many ministers. It is no part 
of holiness — it is human nature and part of its 
moral defects. The gospel itself is all pure. Je- 
sus the author of it, the most generous and amiable 
in all his precepts. But alas ! these /o?;^/?/ precepts 
may be forgotten or perverted, and the will of man 
substituted in their stead. Conduct like this, can 
not be sufficiently lamented and deplored. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 145 



CHAPTER XV. 



Discipline — various efforts to form and publish a printed discipline — 
First General Conference — The sky not entirely clear — clouds 
pass away — Confession of faith and rules of discipline adopted — 
Remarks on the confession of faith — Remarks on the section in 
reference to Bishops — On Secret Societies — On Slavery. 

DISCIPLINE. 

The disciplinary rules which governed the Church 
from the first Conference held in Baltimore, 1789, 
up to 1815, the reader will not be displeased to find 
here in chief, although noticed before, comprising 
the confession of faith, (same as in discipline,) and 
the following rules. 

(a.) That no one, be he a preacher or lay mem- 
ber, can be a member of this Church, who should 
be found to lead an offensive life. — (1 Tim. 3: 1-3. 
1 Cor; 5: 13. 

(b.) To keep the Sabbath day holy: and attend 
divine worship. 

(c.) To attend class or prayer-meeting, once a 
week. 

(d.) That none be received into the Church, who 
is not resolved to flee the wrath to come, and by 
faith and repentance, to seek his salvation in Christ, 
and be resolved willingly to obey the disciplinary 
rules which are now observed for good order, yet 
always excepted that such rules are founded on the 



146 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Word of God, as the only unerring guide of faith 
and practice. 

(e.) That a neglect of class and prayer-meetings 
by any one, after being twice or thrice admonished, 
without manifest amendment, (sickness or absence 
from home excepted,) excludes such from the 
Church. 

(/.) Every member to abstain from all backbiting 
and evil speaking. — (1 Pit. 2:1. Ja. 4: 11.) The 
transgressor in the first instance, to be admonished 
privately, but the second time to be reproved in the 
class-meeting. 

(g.) For as much as the difference of people and 
denominations end in Christ — (Rom, 10: 12. Col. 
3: 11,) and availeth nothing, but a new creature — 
(Gal. 6: 13-16,) it becomes our duty and privilege 
according to the gospel, to commune with, and ad- 
mit professors of religion to the Lord's table without 
partiality. 

{h') That each member strive to lead a quiet 
and godly life, lest he give offense, and fall into the 
condemnation of the adversary —(Math. 5: 14-16. 

(z.) All offences between members, shall be dealt 
with in strict conformity to the precepts of our 
Lord — (Math. 18: 15-18.) 

(j.) Should a preacher or elder be accused of 
any known immorality, and upon the testimony of 
two or three creditable witnesses, he being present, 
the charge be proven against him, he will be imme- 
diately suspended, and until he gives proof of true 
repentance, and make open confession to the socie- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 147 

ty, he remains excluded fi'om the Church. The 
same rule shall be observed against members of the 
Church, who shall be found guilty of immoral con- 
duct— (1 Cor. 5: 11-13. Tim. 5: 20.) 

Observe, these rules Mr. Otterbein preferred to 
the general rules of the Methodists, which were 
urged by Bro. Henry Weidner, and some others, on 
Otterbein, to translate and adopt at an early day. 
Of this Mr. Asbury remarks in his Journal: 

" Otterbein, one of the wisest and best of men, 
could only approve." And we add for reasons best 
known to himself, did not think proper to adopt, in 
preference to his own sense of scripture rules, for 
the guidance of his German brethren. 

It will be readily perceived that the rules just 
named, embrace the elements essential to constitute 
a christian Church, and are highly expressive of the 
moral purity requisite for membership. Neverthe- 
less it is clearly seen, that they are deficient, or lack 
in some points. No express provision being made 
for the execution of these rules, in all the Churches 
incur charge. In canying out these rules — for 
they were closely observed — experience pointed out 
the want of a prescribed and uniform mode of ac- 
tion ; also the great necessity of some additional 
rules for the regulation of Conferences; the recep- 
tion of preachers ; their duties and support ; the 
eligibility^ to elders orders ; and above all, to lay 
down as a disciplinary rule and test, to the motive 
and ministerial character among us, the Apostolic 
injunction to Titus 1st chapter, 7th to 9th verse. 



148 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1814 

Hitherto, (to 1815,) the rules as enforced by Wm. 
Otterbein, had remained in an unprinted form. And 
this in addition, was another want which had been 
seriously felt, and had pressed with weight upon the 
Church. 

For some time attempts had been made to remedy 
these deficiencies, and to bring the subject before the 
several Annual Conferences for action. 

The Conference in the east, met at Hagerstown, 
in Maryland, May 24th, 1814. Here the demand 
for an improved and printed discipline, was under 
consideration, and two manuscript copies were laid 
on the table, one by Bro. Christopher Grosh, and the 
other by Bro. C. Newcomer. A General Confer- 
ence was anticipated, but no definite action was 
had in the premises, from a desire to consult the 
Conference in the west, which was to meet at the 
house of Bro. Andrew Zeller, near Germantown, O., 
August 23d, 1814. Bro. C. Newcomer was reques- 
ted to call the attention of that Conference to the 
contemplated plan of a General Conference, to be 
held the ensuing year, leaving the mode for the elec- 
tion of delegates to the Miami Conference to deter- 
mine. This Conference most cheerfully took up 
the subject, and recommended that the members 
which were to meet in General Conference, should 
be elected from among the preachers from all parts 
of the Church, by a majority of the votes of the 
members in the Church. 

The election was accordingly held, and the fol- 



1815 THE UNITED BRETHEE>' ly CHRIST. 149 

lowing brethren were returned. (See also Disci- 
pline.) 

PEXXvSYLVAXIA. MAR YLAXD . 

Abeah-\>i 3Iayer, C. Xe^vcomer, 

Henry Kumler, Jacob Baulus, 

John Snyder, 
Abraha3I Draksel, 
Christian Berger. 

AIRGIXIA. OHIO. 

Chr. Crum. Andre\v Zeller, 

Isaac Xiswander, A. Hiestand, 

H. G. Spayth. Daniel Tryer. 

George Benebum. 

These delegates met at John Bonnet's School- 
house, near Mount Pleasant, AYestmoreland county, 
Pa., June 6th, 1815. 

The Conference was opened by Bro. A. Zeller. 
reading a portion of Scripture, and prayer. 

Jacob Baulus and H. G. Spayth, were chosen 
Secretaries, and C. Xewcomer and A. Zeller elected 
Presidents Pro Tern. 

This being the first General Conference, elected 
under somewhat peculiar circumstances, and meet- 
ing for a purpose in a measure, new and untried in 
the history and progress of this Church: andhaYing 
so lately been depriYcd of the support and counsel 
of the wisest and the best, who had exercised the 
oversight of the Church, to the time of their depar- 
ture, whose counsel was law, but that law was love, 
much embarrassment for a time was manifest. 



150 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Others, wise and good, the Church still had. True, 
these might fill the office of those who had gone 
home ; but not their place. The seat might be oc- 
cupied, but the place was vacant. This was never 
before, nor since, as deeply and visibly felt, as at 
the opening, and for the first two days of that Gen- 
eral Conference. 

Nor will we disguise the truth, the sky was not 
exactly clear, a heavy atmosphere would ever and 
anon press and swell the bosom, and then came ruf- 
fling breezes, and sharp words. This could not 
last long. The darkening clouds which hung over 
the Conference, must be cleared away — a calm 
atmosphere and a clear sky, could not be dispensed 
with — a pause ensued. The Conference agreed to 
humble themselves before God in prayer — and such 
a prayer-meeting your humble servant never wit- 
nessed before nor since! Brethren with streaming 
eyes embraced and thanked God ! From that hour 
to the end, unanimity and love smiled joyously on 
that assembly. 

Permit a special notice here: Nothing perhaps 
was anticipated with greater certainty by any dele- 
gate in going to that Conference, than that the 
meeting should take place in the sweetest and 
most humble subordination to each other, each es- 
teeming his brother higher than himself, and 
worthy of more honor. But the spirit of the chil- 
dren of Zebedee and their mother, is still visible on 
such occasions, and never more so than when wise 
and good rulers, either in Church or state, are remo- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 151 

ved by death. For who should have sufficient wis- 
dom, who should be so well qualified to take the 
helm, and guide the vessel safely as the Zebedees ? 
And should a doubt be raised, they are ready to an- 
swer, we are able. 

Our last word when we made the digression, was, 
smiled joyously on that assembly. Here were dear 
brethren who had stood long, and stood firmly in 
the cause of God and man. The spirit of ambition 
had vanished, its shadow was seen no more. The 
brethi^n, it was manifest, had but one eye, one ear, 
one soul, one great thought, and that was to form a 
discipline, containing the fewest sections or divis- 
ions practicable, and in as few words as the grave sub- 
ject would admit of, in order to convey the sense and 
meaning of Church rules, as held by the United 
Brethren in Christ. 

After mature deliberation, the Conference found it 
good and expedient to deliver the confession of faith 
and rules of discipline to the Church, in love and 
humility, with the sincere desire, that the doctrine 
and rules, together v^dth the word of God, might be 
attended to, and strictly observed. 

These rules have been in the Church, and before 
an intelligent and well j udging christian community, 
for a number of years since their adoption, — have 
been seen and read by many out of the Church, 
and no doubt by all in the Church, and we are hap- 
py to say, they have been favorably received, and 
have met with very general approbation. 

And although they have since been submitted for 



152 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

there-examination and improvement of every suc- 
ceeding General Conference, they have passed 
through them all with little or no material variation, 
including a period of nearly forty years, and ten 
General Conferences. 

On the confession of faith we remark, on the con- 
cluding part. First: " Of baptism." The fathers 
held that there are three distinctive baptisms noticed 
in scripture. Of water baptism, they affirmed that 
it may be administered by immersion, effusion, or 
pouring. That it may be administered to adults 
and infants. But they did not view it in the light of 
a saving ordinance. 

Secondly: The baptism of the Holy Ghost, conse- 
quent on faith true repentance, and the remission 
of sin. 

And thirdly: The baptism of suffering, to which 
many saints have been called in every age of the 
Church, and from which few christians, — being 
truly such — if any, are entirely exempt. No con- 
troversy, nor exclusiveness on the mode of baptism 
can find room among us. The highest honor and 
best respect which men can pay to the ordinance of 
baptism under any form, we hold is a life distin- 
guished for piety, and love to God and man. 

It may be justly expected that some few remarks 
should be made, on some parts at least, of the disci- 
pline of the Brethren Church, parts that have been 
identified with her rise and progress, and which she 
adopted, because she believed them to be just ; but 
which of late years have assumed an importance 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 153 

under the force of certain circumstances, with which, 
however, we had nothing to do. 

And these distinctive parts of her disciplinary 
rules, have given the Brethren Church a position, as 
we trust, firm as a rock, and saved her from that 
tumult and commotion, which have so seriously and 
painfully aff'ected the peace, harmony and purity of 
many Churches, and of which the end is not yet 
seen. May our sympathy and our prayer for their 
peace and prosperity, be fervent and sincere, not for- 
getting to be vigilant on our part, lest we fall. 

The next in order is the constitution of the disci- 
pline. The first item we notice, is Bishops and their 
election. By the term Bishop, we simply mean an 
officer in the Church for the time being, who is elec- 
ted by the General Conference from among the El- 
ders in the Church, who have stood in that capacity 
six years. 

The term for which they are elected, is four years. 

Their duty is to attend the several Annual Con- 
ferences, and to preside in said Conferences, but 
have no vote, except a casting vote on a tie. They, 
with two Elders chosen by Conference, appoint the 
presiding Elders to their districts, and the circuit 
preachers to their circuits, in connection with the 
presiding Elders, and an equal number of preach- 
ers chosen by Conference for that purpose. They 
also, assisted by two Elders, perform the ordination 
service. Thus it is with us an office not of rank, 
but of duty. We advocate the parity of ministers 
strictly so, and discard the so called ^' divine right" 

11 



154 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

of Bishops, and ministerial imparity as anti-scriptu- 
ral. We acknowledge no diocesan Bishop ; yet 
we would not turn from the term Bishop, or disdain 
to use it in a scriptural sense. In any other sense 
we do not use it. 

Vv^e have but one ordination, understanding the 
term Elder, Presbyter, Bishop, as names for the 
same office, requiring the same qualifications, gifts 
and graces, and without which qualifications, gifts 
and graces, no consecration or induction into the 
office of the ministry, would be considered valid by 
the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. 

Another important item in the Constitution, ia 
found in Section 7, which reads: 

" There shall be no connection with secret com- 
binations, nor shall involuntary servitude be tolera- 
ted in any way in the Church." Discipline Section 
31, says a secret society — " is one whose initiatory 
ceremony or bond of union, is a secret." 

From the commencement, the Brethren Church 
discountenanced secret societies, and refused to re- 
ceive members of such, however unexceptionable in 
every other respect, into the Church except on 
one condition viz: separation from secret orders. It is 
not the place here to enter into the reasons at large 
which we as a Church have, for holding no fraternal 
relation with any one, who at the same time is con- 
nected with a secret order of men. We do not wish 
to magnify ourselves against any man or associa- 
tion of men, but it is sufficient for us to know, that a 
christian Church is one thing, and a secret fraterni- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 155 

ty quite another thing. Neither the men belong- 
ing to such an order, nor the order itself could suffer 
loss by being connected with a christian Church. 
But not so with the Church. Any, and every such 
connection, has proved a hurt, and inflicted a dead- 
ly wound on any and every Church which has allow- 
ed or winked at this strange connection. 

It is to such Churches as the leprosy of Gehazi! 
We have not coveted the Syrian's silver, nor changes 
of garment, and saved the Church ! 

Section 32, Discipline. " All slavery in every 
sense of the word, is totally prohibited, and shall in 
no way be tolerated in our Church," &c., &c. 

Involuntary servitude, (except for crime,) has al- 
ways been condemned by our Church. Never, 
at any period, did the brethren Church view it in 
any other light, than as oppressive and unjust. It 
always testified decidedly against the system, giving 
it no countenance, neither receiving nor encourag- 
ing a holder of slaves to unite with the Church. 
Otterbein and Guething both living in Maryland, a 
slave State, — showed it no favor, neither did they 
make war with it, but guarded the Church against 
this sin of sins, " and garments rolled in sweat and 
blood." 

This was one reason why the Brethren Church 
in Maryland and Virginia, continued to be limited, 
and even to this day is comparatively confined to the 
western portions of those States, The wonder is, 
how the Church has continued to exist there at all. 



156 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

But there she is, if not numerous, yet strong ; as 
unknown, and yet well known. 

We forbeaj: making any other remarks illustrative 
of our disciplinary rules. Should any reader not 
having them, be desirous to know them more fully, 
we would respectfully refer such to the book itself, 
containing them. It is a very small book — can 
be had of any of our preachers, and costs bmt 12^ 
cents. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 157 



CHAPTER XVI. 



Why have the United Brethren remained in a great measure, unknown 
to the English community — United Brethren labored first among 
the Germans — Success among the English — General Conference 
of 1817 — General Conference of 1821 — An act passed on Slavery 
— on ardent spirits' — Election of Bishops — John Kline, and 
Abraham Draksel. 

It is time that another question should be attend- 
ed to. 

Why have the United Brethren in Christ remain- 
ed in a great measure, unknown to a majority of 
the people within our United States ? 

Ans. The Brethren Church has been known as 
has been seen in the State of Pennsylvania, in part 
of Maryland and Virginia, since 1760, and in the 
State of Ohio in part, since 1803. In Indiana from 
her early settlement, and also some parts of Ken- 
tucky. 

Secondly: Otterbein, Boehm and Guething, as 
has been noticed, were Germans, and none of 
them ever preached in the English language. Their 
call in the gospel was to the German people and 
Churches, and to these the labors and preaching of 
the brethren continued to be confined with but little 
exception, until about the year 1825, when she found 
herself constrained to give way to the use of the 
English language more fully. 

The reason for so doing, the kind reader may 



158 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF ' 

have already foreseen^ but permit it to be named: 
the English is the language of our nation, gov- 
ernment and schools. The education of the Ger- 
man youth, was obtained more and more in English 
schools from year to year, until the German schools 
were nearly, or quite extinct. And although the 
brethren saw and felt this to their loss, yet such was 
the force of habit and custom, that they were slow to 
depart from it. This tardiness caused the Brethren 
Church to lose many valuable members, in whose 
awakening and conversion, they had been instru- 
mental. Even some of their own children, for want 
of preaching among us in the English language, 
united with other societies. And when the impor- 
tance of the English language was admitted, it re- 
quired time to diffuse it generally and exten- 
sively, and it is comparatively but a few years since 
the English language has had the ascendency 
among us as a Church, and has thus given the breth- 
ren a religious relation with their English neighbors > 
Hence the inquiry is not with the Germans, but 
with the English people, when our preachers first 
come among them, — " who are you as a Church ? 
when and where did you originate ?" This para- 
graph is not penned to answer the inquiry, as that 
in the preceding pages has been done, but to give 
the reason why we have not made our acquaintance 
with the English community as a christian Church,, 
at an earlier period in our history. Perhaps this 
was reserved in the All-wise arrangement of an 
overruling Providence, to take place as it has, and 



1821 THE UNITED BRETHREN TN CHRIST, 159 

is now taking place at tids hour of the gospel light 
and day. We could perhaps, assign some reasons 
for this ProTidence: and the sequel will show that 
since the bretliren extended their gospel labors be- 
yond the German population, they have had a great 
and effectual door opened unto them, with and 
among the Enghsh people and Churches. 

Our English brethren in the ministry have had 
much to encourage and to cheer them in their ardu- 
ous labors, in all of which they have realized the 
rich and profuse mercies of God in the conversion 
of many souls, and in planting and establishing 
many happy and permanent societies in the Church.* 

The General Conference held 1S15, resolved that 
the next General Conference meet in Mt. Pleasant. 
"Westmoreland count}-. Pa., the first Monday in Jime. 
1817. and thereafter once every four years. 

This Conference met accordingly; continued C. 
Newcomer and Andrew Zeller. Bishops to the next 
General Conference, but made no change in the dis- 
ciplinary rules. 

The third General Conference of the United 
Brethren in Christ, met at Bro. Dewalt Mechlins. 
Fairfield county. Ohio. May 15th, 1S21. 

PEXNSYL V.INLA. C ONFERENCE . 
ME3IBERS PRE5EXT 

Samuel Huber, I William Brown, 1 Michael Bear, 
George Guething, | Daniel Pfeifer | [three absent. 

* Yes, blessed be God I Our hearts are daily cheered by the abun- 
dant success which a gracious God grants unto us in our English 
fields of labor. Thousands annually are induced through our humble 
instrumentality, to taste and see that the Lord is good. [Est, 



160 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1821 

MUSKINGUM CONFERENCE. 

MEMBERS PRESENT. 
Michael Bortsfield, | Abraham Forney. | [two absent. 

MIAMI CONFERENCE. 

MEMBERS PRESENT. 



Lewis Cramer, 
N. Havens, 
G. Benedum, 
Joseph Hoffman, 



Henry J. Frey, 
Henry Evinger, 
Henry Kumler, 
A. Bontzler, 



John McNamer. 
John G. Pfrimer 



This year, John Kline and Abraham Drakseldied. 
Bro. Kline had traveled but a few years, and was 
suddenly called to cease from his labors while trav- 
eling the Westmoreland circuit. Pa. He was yet 
young in life, humble and strictly pious. 

From a letter written to a sister of his, about four 
weeks previous to his death, he anticipated his de- 
parture, telling his sister that ere that letter would 
reach her, his spirit would be in heaven ; and so it 
was. That letter, and the news of his death, reach- 
ed that sister on one and the same day. 

Bro. Kline and Draksel were members of the 
Muskingum Annual Conference. 

Bro. Abraham Draksel was born in Lebanon 
county. Pa., 1753. He was brought up in the Am- 
mish society, it being a seceding branch from the 
Mennonite. Being an obedient and loving son to 
his kind parents, and leading a moral, and in the 
sight of his Ammish brethren, a pious life. In his 
26th year he was encouraged by them to take part 
in preaching, which he did with such grace and abil- 
ity as he had. Not long after, however, he felt the 
need of a change of heart, which he found. He 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 161 

now attempted to preach this to his brethren, with 
the hope, he said, that this doctrine of a change of 
heart, and the news of the joy he experienced, would 
be well received by them; but it was not so. That the 
kingdom of God did not consist in external ordinan- 
ces, but in Justification by faith in Jesus Christ, peace 
and joy in the Holy Ghost, they could, or would not 
understand. And after having admonished him for 
the third time, and he continuing in preaching it with 
power, they by a special deputation, enjoined silence 
upon him. He said when the elders of the Ammish 
society had done this, he felt such comfort and 
peace of mind, as he had never enjoyed nor felt, 
before. 

His gospel labors proved a blessing to many, and 
spread much by his energetic efforts in the cause of 
God. In the year 1804, he removed with his family 
west of the Allegheny mountains, and settled him- 
self near Mt. Pleasant, in Westmoreland county. 
From here he made frequent visits into the State of 
Ohio. Bro. Draksel's name will long live, and be 
cherished by many in and out of the Church. His 
life was blameless. 

His countenance was an index of the grace and 
spirit that dwelt within. With his fine silvery 
beard, he resembled the Patriarchs of old. He was 
a pattern of piety, a lover of hospitality, a lover of 
good men. His end was joy and peace. 



162 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

ABRAHAM DRAKSEL, 



DEPARTED THIS LIFE 



IN THE MONTH OP FEBRUARY 1825; 
Aged 72 years. 

PREACHED IN THE BRETHREN CHURCH FORTY-THREE YEARS. 

An act was passed by this Conference. (1821,) 
more expressive of the views of the Church on Slave- 
ry, which we will give as found in the discipline 
printed by order of General Conference, held 1825. 

Resolved, That all Slavery in every sense of the 
word, be totally prohibited, and in no way tolerated 
in our Church. 

Should some be found in our Church, or others 
desire to be admitted as members who hold slaves, 
they can neither continue to be members, or be ad- 
mitted as such, except they do manumit such slaves 
wherever the law of the State shall permit it, or 
submit the case to the Quarterly Conference, to be 
by them specified, what length of time such slave 
shall serve his master or other person, until the 
amount paid for him, or for raising him, be compen- 
sated to his master. But in no case shall a member 
of our Church be permitted to sell a slave. 

On ardent spirits the following action was had: 

That no member of the Church shall be allowed 
to carry on a distillery, and that distillers be reques- 
ted to willingly cease the business. That this re- 
solve be laid before the several Annual Conferences, 



1821 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 163 

that it shall be the duty of the preachers to labor 
against the cause and sad effects of intemperance 
during the interval of this, and the next General 
Conference, when this subject shall again be taken 
up for further consideration. 

ELECTION OF BISHOPS. 

Christian Newcomer was re-elected, and Joseph 
Hoifman was elected in place of Andrew Zeller, who 
by reason of the infirmities of age, could not travel 
to the Annual Conferences. 

May 17th, and last day of the session. Conference 
met pursuant to adjournment, and its first business 
was the ordination of Joseph Hoffman to the office 
of a Bishop, which was a solemn and a blessed 
Beason. To God be all the glory: Amen. 



164 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1825 



CHAPTER XVII. 



General Conference of 1825 — Questions proposed to candidates for 
the ministry — Ordination of Bishops omitted — Salary of Bishops 

— Delegates appointed to attend certain Conferences of the M. E. 
Church — Salary of preachers —- Persecution -— John G. Pfrimer 

— close of his life ™ Biographic Sketch of Abraham Mayer. 

General Conference met at Jacob Shaubs, Tus- 
carawas county, Ohio, May 7th, 1825. 

Christian Newcomer, Joseph Hoffman, Bishops. 

PENNSYLVANIA CONFERENCE. 
MEMBERS PRESENT. 
Abraham Myer, John Hildt, Jacob Daub, Daniel 
Pfeifer, William Brown. 

MUSKINGUM CONFERENCE. 
MEMBERS PRESENT. 
H. G. Spayth, Henry Errett, James Johnston, J. 
Crum, Christian Berger. 

MIAMI CONFERENCE. 
MEMBERS PRESENT. 



Henry Kumler, Sr., 
Henry J. Fry, 
Jacob Antrim, 
John Fetterhoff, 
Samuel Hiestand, 
Nathaniel Havens, 



Andrew Zeller, 
John G. Pfrimer, 
George Hoffman, 
Dewalt Machlin, 
William Ambrose, 
William Steward. 



These Conferences, like the Annual Conferences 
are opened always with a suitable address by the 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 165 

presiding officer, the reading of a chapter from the 
scriptures, singing and prayer. 

The election of one or two of the members for 
secretaries. 

The adoption of rules to govern the session of 
Conference for the time being. 

When properly organized, the first business in or- 
der is, the reading of discipline, and revision if need 
be, as the reading progresses. 

At this Conference the last eight lines of section 
first, in the Discipline, were added; but that the rea- 
der may fully understand the sense we quote the 
paragraph entire, which reads, (translated correctly:) 
" We are convinced that the outward means of 
grace, viz: baptism and the remembrance of the 
sufferings and death of our Lord Jesus Christ, are 
to be practised by all christian Churches, and that 
it is incumbent on the children of God specially to 
practise them; but the mode and manner ought al- 
ways to* be left to the judgment and understanding 
of every individual. Likewise the example of 
washing feet is left free to practice or omit. (Added,) 
Nevertheless it is not becoming any of our preach- 
ers, to speak lightly of any of his brethren, whose 
judgment and understanding {credenda^ in this res- 
pect should be different from his own, neither in 
public nor in private, to depreciate the mode and 
manner in which a brothjer may practice the same. 
Whosoever shall make himself guilty in this respect, 
shall be accounted a traducer of bis brethren, and 
shall therefore be answerable for the same." 
The Scioto Annual Conference set off*. 



166 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

The questions to persons proposed as preachers, 
were by this Conference improved, by striking out 
those formerly used, and inserting the questions as 
they stand in our present discipline, Section 6, and 
are the following: — 

QuES. " Have you known God in Christ Jesus to 
be a sin pardoning God ? 

Have you now peace with God, and is the love of 
God shed abroad in your heart by the Holy Spirit ? 

Do you follow after holiness ? 

Do you believe the Bible to be the word of God; 
and that therein is contained the true way to our 
salvation ? 

What foundation have you for this belief? 

What is your motive for desiring permission to 
preach the gospel ? 

What is your knowledge of faith, of depravity, 
(added since,) of repentance, justification, sanctifica- 
tion and redemption ? 

Does your own salvation, and the salvation of 
your fellow mortals, lie nearer to your heart than 
all other things in the world ? 

Can you subject yourself to the counsel of your 
brethren ? 

Are you satisfied with our Church government? 
(added since.) 

Will you be obedient and ready to speak or hold 
your peace, as your brethren may think expedi- 
ent ? 

Are you willing, as much as is in your power, to 



1825 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 167 

assist in upholding the itinerant plan, and support- 
ing the same as much as possible ? 

Ordination of Bishops in future, omitted. 

" Resolved^ That as the newly elected Bishop has 
already been ordained by the imposition of hands, 
as an Elder in the Church, a second ordination is 
deemed not essential to the duties of a Bishop, nor 
do we find a scripture precedent for a second or third 
ordination." 

This Conference inserted a clause into the disci- 
pline, that once a year a public collection shall be 
received at each appointment on every circuit, for 
the support of the traveling Bishops, limiting a 
Bishop if married, to $160; if single, to $80, per 
annum, and traveling expenses. Until this time, 
the traveling Bishops had received no pecuniary aid 
from the Church. 

Messengers appointed to attend certain Conferen 
ces named, of the Methodist E. Church. 

Since the friendly relation which had existed be- 
tween the United Brethren in Christ, and the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church, and which in an unhappy 
hour, had been broken off, or informally withdrawn 
by the M. E. Church ; it is not to be supposed 
nor inferred, that that pure love which filled the 
hearts of many in both Churches, had suff'ered loss 
or burned less brightly. No ! Brethren still loved, 
and with undiminishing ardor, stimulated by the 
hope, that the correspondence would be resumed be- 
tween the Conferences. But years passed, and 
n one came from either Church. 



168 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

The present General Conference resolved that, 
two Elders be sent to each of three of the M. E. 
Annual Conferences, and for this purpose appoin- 
ted Henry Kumler Sr., and John McNamer, to the 
Ohio ; Christian Newcomer and John Hildt, to the 
Baltimore; Joseph Hoffman and H. G. Spayth, to 
the Pittsburgh Annual Conferences. The object of 
which, was to renew the former compact between the 
two Churches, indulging in' the hope that such a re- 
newal would be acceptable to many of our much be- 
loved, and dearly esteemed brethren in the M. E. 
Church. But no report was made by these messen- 
gers to the General Conference next ensuing. 

Christian Newcomer and Henry Kumler Sr., elec- 
ted Bishops for the four ensuing years. 

Next General Conference to meet at Dewalt 
Mechlins, near Lancaster, Ohio, May 15th, 1829. 

The time these Conferences were in session, were 
as follows: 

The General Conference of 1815, was in session 
^YQ days; that in 1817, three days; thatin 1821, four 
days; and the present one, 1825, three days; and that 
held in 1829, was in session four days. 

How much can men do in a short space of time, 
who are willing to understand each other, with a 
spirit of subordination, and brotherly aff'ection, and 
where pure love entwines her flowery wreath among 
the interstices of debate ; there angels may glide 
unseen, and smile, and clap their wings with joy, 
and entice one to pray -^ Lord — evermore give us 
such Conferences. How blessed are they that live 



THE UNITED BRETHREN TN CHRIST. 169 

in the golden age of a nation, a people, or a 
Church. 

We have stated that the preachers were limited 
from $80 to $160 per year. This is to be under- 
stood, as the most one might justly receive, but 
how much less than that sum next to 00, had the 
brethren preachers been subjected to, in the history 
of our Church for many years, cannot be known at 
this time. This much we do know, that brethren 
traveled and preached extensively for years, and 
received less than fifty, and some less than twenty 
dollars a year ; and these brethren had rising fami- 
lies, and were by no means in affluent circumstan- 
ces. Not that these men preached to a poverty 
stricken people, but the reverse ; yet so it was, 
whether through ignorance or conscientious scruples, 
the preacher among the Germans received little or 
nothing. He that then would preach the gospel, 
must do it without money or price. 

The harvest was great, the laborers were few; 
those were times which tried men's faith, causing 
sore confflcts, and placed the early ministers often 
in straightened circumstances ; yet they were ena- 
bled to say — "The Lord has delivered us out of 
them all." 

An impression has prevailed with some, that the 
preachers of the Church were rich. This was true 
of a few of them, others were but in limited circum- 
stances, and yet others had still less. 

" Those who think that the gospel can be success- 
" fully preached, sinners alarmed, awakened and 

12 



Vfii HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

" converted to God, missions and circuits formed, 
" amidst a host of opposers and gainsayers ; oppo- 
" sed by a wicked world, as a matter of course ; 
" opposed by far the largest class of nominal pro- 
" fessors of this very religion of Jesus Christ ; op- 
'^ posed by a proud and bigoted clergy on one side, 
" and on the other by a good-meaning, but ignorant 
" and benighted class of preachers ; we say if any 
" man thinks that the Brethren Church, or any other 
" Church under the same circumstances, could cause 
" her voice to be heard, — could arise and shine, 
" and the men whom the Lord had called to this 
" work, suffer no earthly loss, make no great sacrifi- 
" ces, had not both to labor and suffer reproach, 
" and who are accounted by all opponents as sheep 
•' for the slaughter. We say again, should any one 
" think that this could be done, and the preachers 
" swim in wealth ; he must conceive a chimera more 
" absurd than the prince who persuaded himself, 
" that his marble palace had been reared by the 
"tinj'^ hands of fairies." 

" May 13th, 1801. This day we (G. A. Guething, 
John Hershey, and C. Newcomer,) came to Carlisle, 
Pa., and preached at night in the Methodist Meeting- 
house. We had a blessed meeting ; many were fill- 
ed with the love of God, which was not the least 
surprising to us ; but what surprised us, was the 
persecution which prevailed in this place to a great 
extent. Only a few days since, a preacher on his 
way home from divine service, was knocked down 
in the street ; and last night a young man was dread- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 171 

fully maltreated and injured, (for the same cause,) 
and lies now dangerously ill." — Newcomer'' s Jour- 
nal. 

As late as 1819, the minister of a certain German 
orthodox Church, suffered his aged father to be 
shut out from the School-house where he (the fath- 
er,) was teaching at the time, because the father 
and praying mother of this son of the gospel, had 
attached themselves to the Brethren Church. 

John G. Pfrimer died this year 1825, at his home in 
Harrison county, Indiana. He was present at the 
General Conference held at Jacob Shaubs, for 1825 
— appeared to be in good health — preached with 
his usual clearness and power, 

Bro. Henry Bonebrake who was with father Pfrim- 
er in the last months and days of his life, said to 
the writer, that Bro. Pfrimer preached if possible, 
with more life and energy than ever, — saying that 
his " race was run, having assurance (to use his own 
words,) that he was going to the great assembly in 
heaven," that his hope in his Redeemer was firm, 
affording him great joy as eternity drew near, and 
that while he was uttering these words, his coun- 
tenance beamed as with a light, which was visible 
upon him in death. Truly blessed are they that 
die in the Lord. 



172 ' HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

THUS THIS SERVANT OF THE LORD 

CEASED TO LABOR, 

AND TO LIVE ON EARTH, 

IN THE 

SIXTY-FOURTH YEAR OF HIS AGE. 
SPENT IN THE MINISTRY THIRTY-FIVE YEARS. 

1825. 

One name more, justty merits a place here ; that 
of Abraham. Mayer, of Cumberland county, Pa., 
who stood as a pillar in the cause of God. 

Bro, A. Mayer united himself with the United 
Brethren in Christ, in 1796. He began preaching 
about the same time, and continued, until laid on a 
bed of sickness, where he lingered and suffered pa- 
tiently, until his release came. In person, Bro. 
Mayer was of a prepossessing appearance, in dress 
a Mennonite, in heart and life,, an Israelite indeed ; 
possessing a strong and cultivated mind. In prayer 
it was evident that he had power with God, in preach- 
ing, he reminded one always of an Elijah of old^ 
stern in his reproofs, and uncompromising in his 
dealings with sin. He loved the cause of his divine 
Master, and adorned it with a most exemplary and 
holy life, giving much of his time to preaching, and 
of his substance, to raise and build up the Church, 
to which he was as a father. 

His house was a preaching house for many years, 
and frequent big meetings were held there. The 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 173 

first in that place was held in May, 1798. Boehm, 
Draksel, Pfrimer and Newcomer were there. It was 
a great-good meeting, and the day of eternity will 
reveal the result. As this meeting was held within 
three miles of that Carlisle, where there then was a 
violent opposition, the spirit of enmity extended to 
the neighborhood of Bro. Mayers. But his pru- 
dence, his faith and confidence in God, enabled him 
to maintain his ground, and sustain the Church 
which had gathered around him at that perilous 
time. Never was he known to shrink from attend- 
ing to the arduous duties which the Church frequent- 
ly desired him to perform. 

In the year 1813, he had a chain of appointments 
given out for him ; the first of which was 45 miles 
from his home. When within 4 or 5 miles of the 
place of meeting, he inquired at a respectable farm 
house, the road and the distance to Mr. K.'s. The 
Lady of the house came to the door, and after giv- 
ing the desired information — from a word which he 
accidentally spoke, the Lady wished to know whether 
he was the man who was expected to preach at K.'s 

Ans. Yes. 

But you do not look like our preachers, who are 
you ? What Church do you belong to ? 

Ans. The United Brethren. 

But she said to her husband, that she understood 
the stranger to say converted brethren, repeating 
the words converted brethren, again and again, re- 
marking, who ever heard of the converted Brethren 
Church. 



174 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

But said the husband, you must have misunder- 
stood the man. 

No! The Lady insisted she thought she had not, 
that he had said they were called the converted 
brethren. " Now," said she, " this is very strange; 
supposing we go to the meeting," — and so they 
went. The Lady said she was resolved to hear what 
a converted preacher would preach, expecting to 
hear something either to amuse or to ridicule. But 
conviction ensued fi'om what she heard, and the 
word converted wrung in her ears all the while — 
which resulted in the conversion of herself and her 
husband, and thence spread in their neighborhood. 
And yet this man and his wife, had in their youth 
been catechised and confirmed. 

This is but a case out of a thousand, where under 
catechetical instructions and trainings, the youth- 
ful subjects, nevertheless, remain in profound igno- 
rance of the cause, the nature, and the necessity of 
the new birth^ and as ignorant of the truth of the 
converting power of God, by a happy experience, as 
if it was no part of the doctrine of Jesus Christ. 

O ye Pastors, is it possible that the hungry sheep 
look up, and are not fed. 

Com© to Calvary's holy mountaiin,» 

Sinners ruined by the fall ! 
Here a pure and healing fountain. 

Flows to you — to me — to all — 
In a full perpetual tide, 
Opened when the Saviour died. 

He was a member of the first General Conferen ce 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 175 

also a delegate in 1825, where we saw him for the 
last time. Oh the flight of time, and with it we suf- 
fer the loss of dear and valuable friends. 

ABRAHAM MAYER 

DEPARTED THIS LIFE 

NOVEMBER 28, 1826, 

IN THE 

SIXTY-FOURTH YEAR OF HIS AGE. 

A FAITHFUL PREACHER 

AND SERVANT OF JESUS, 

FOR THIRTY YEARS. 



176 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



1829 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



General Conference of 1829 — Presiding Elders to be elected for one 
year — Close of the life of Bishop Newcomer — General Confer- 
ence of 1833 — Affirmation — The Telescope — Constitution. 

General Conference of the United Brethren in 
Christ, met at Dewalt Mechlins, Fairfield county, 
Ohio, May 15th, 1829. 

Christian Newcomer, Henry Kumler, Bishops. 
MEMBERS PRESENT. 



PENNSYLVANIA CONFERENCE. 



William Brown, 
Henry Burtner, 
Jacob Erb, 
John Hendricks, 



Thomas Miller, 
John Zahn, 
Simon Dresbach, 
Ezekial Bowring. 



MUSKINGUM CONFERENCE. 



John Crum, 
John Hildt, 



John Bash 

[two absent. 



SCIOTO CONFERENCE. 



Joseph Hoffman, 
George Benedum. 
Elijah Collins, 
John Russel. 



John Coons, 
James Kenny, 
James Ross. 



MIAMI CONFERENCE. 



H. J. Frey, 
John McNamer, 
Jacob Flickinger, 
George Bonebrake, 
J. Antrim, 



Andrew Zeller, 
John Denham, 
John Fetterhoff, 
Aaron Farmer, 
F. Whitcom. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 177 

Conference was opened by Bishop Newcomer 
reading a portion of scripture, singing and prayer. 

John Hildt and Thomas Miller, Sec'y. 

Virginia and Indiana Annual Conferences, were 
set off. 

Resolved, That in future, the Presiding Elders be 
elected for the term of one year. Four years had 
been the former time. 

The account of the Benevolent Fund Societies, 
was called for, and on examination it was found that 
the Society in Maryland had in its treasury, 
$ 1134,47; in Ohio, $ 717,45. 

This Conference by a vote of 23 yeas against 4 
nays, made the Benevolent Society in the State of 
Ohio, auxilliary to that located at Hagerstown in 
the State of Maryland. 

On the fourth day of the session, C. Newcomer 
and Henry Kumler Sr., re-elected Bishops. 

And on the fifth day, in love and peace. Confer- 
ence adjourned. 

1830, Brings us to the demise of Bishop C. New- 
comer, he being in the 82 year of his age. 

On the 10th of April, 1829, the Pennsylvania 
Conference closed its session in love and peace. 
On the 11th, Newcomer took a tender and affection- 
ate leave of the family of his son Andrew's, and 
friends, and set out once more for the State of Ohio. 
On the 28th, the same month, he met the Musking- 
um Conference ; and on the 11th of May, the Scioto 
Conference; and on the 15th, the General Confer- 



178 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

ence commenced at Harmans, Pleasant Run, Fair- 
field county Ohio. 

Of this he writes: " Conference proceeded to the 
election of two Bishops, and on counting the ballots, 
it appeared that Henry Kumler and myself, were 
re-elected. O Lord ! give me grace and strength to 
discharge my duty" 

In the year 1810, Bro. Newcomer for the first time 
visited the Brethren in the State of Ohio, — held a 
Conference at Bro. Michael Criders, Ross county; 
fifteen preachers being present. The present was 
the nineteenth, and the last journey of his, across 
the Allegheny mountains. By reference to his 
journal, we find that in this trip to Ohio, and return 
he spent about eleven weeks, (from the 11th of April, 
to the 25th of June,) traveled about fifteen hun- 
dred miles on horse-back, — attended three Annual 
and one General Conference, with preaching by the 
way. " Left Jacob Baulas's, Lower Sandusky, and 
rode 52 miles same day." 

In 1 828, he being in his eightieth year, attende d 
no less than eight camp-meetings, engaged in the 
public exercises at all of them, more or less. These 
seemed to renew his youth, and he enjoyed them to 
the glory of God. 

Daily, and continually, whether in the house or 
on the high-way, in conversation or meditation, his 
mind appeared to be filled with but one thought, and 
that thought was the salvation of a lost world. To 
this all his energies were kept in constant exercise 
and employment. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 179 

His mind had no party bias, he knew, or seemed 
to know, neither this Church nor that Church, to him 
Christ was all and in all. 

He delighted in christian liberality and social 
friendship, and was known to ride more than one 
hundred miles to a Methodist camp-meeting, where 
he was sure to meet with a hearty welcome, and with 
the people of God. 

In him the needy preacher found a patron and a 
friend. He would plead their cause before brethren, 
and was sure not to plead in vain. We have seen 
him return from a western tour, with less clothing, 
and ever with less money than he had set out with. 

Sunday, October 11th, 1829, he says — " I re- 
mained at home, engaged in reading and prayer. 
Found my mind drawn out to God, for all my breth- 
ren in the ministry. My feebleness is increasing ; 
the strength of my constitution is gone. O Lord ! 
look on me in mercy, and grant me ability to prove 
faithful the few remaining days of my present life." 

November 1st. "This daj^ I am confined to my 
room, but glory to God, I enjoy a sweet communion 
with him : solitary, yet not alone. The best of 
friends, my Saviour, is with me. How blessed is the 
condition of aged people, when they know that God 
and Christ is reconciled. If there is any wish or 
regret in the past, it is that I had served my Lord 
and Master more faithfully. I pray thee my Re- 
deemer, to grant me a full pardon, for I am still thy 
servant." 

February 21st, 1830, he attented a Quarterly- 



180 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1830 

meeting in Hagerstown, which was his last meeting 
with the Church militant. And March 4th, he made 
the last effort to write a note, and could only write, 
" Alas ! I find myself not able to write, and lay 
down my pen, the Lord knows whether I shall ever 
resume it again. His will be done: Amen — Hal- 
lelujah !" 

His weakness and debility now perceptibly in- 
creased, but never complained of much pain, and 
without assistance, he would rise from his bed daily, 
until March 12th, when he requested a young 
brother who was present, to pray once more, which 
was done. Newcomer himself, and without aid, 
arose from his pillow, and with those persons pres- 
ent, bowed himself at the bed-side, before the throne 
of his divine Master. After he had prayed, he laid 
again on his bed, and in a few minutes^ calmly and 
sweetly drew his last breath. 

Truly, this was dying in the arms of Jesus- 

CHRISTIAN NEWCOMER, 

AN EMINENT SERVANT OF CHRIST, 

WAS BORN IN LANCASTER COUNTY, PA. 
JANUARY 21, 1749; 

AND FINISHED HIS COURSE 

MARCH 12 1830. 

He exercised his ministry for the space of fifty- 
three years, with extraordinary zeal. His labors 
in the gospel were incessant and wide spread. 
" Mark the pious, and behold the just, for the end of 
such is peace." — Psalms xxxvn, 37. 



1833 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 



181 



The United Brethren in Christ met in General 
Conference, at the Dresbach Church, Pickaway Co,, 
Ohio, May 14th, 1833- 

Henry Kumler, Bishop. 

PENNSYLVANIA CONFERENCE. 



Ezekial Bowring, 
Jacob Erb, 
Jacob Snyder, 



Wilham Brown, 
James Neiman, 
Frederick Gilbert. 



MUSKINGUM CONFERENCE. 



Henry G. Spayth, 
Adam Hetzler, 
Sewel C. Briggs, 



John Eckhart, 
Christian Kenegy, 



VIRGINIA CONFERENCE. 

William Rhinehart, | 

SCIOTO CONFERENCE. 

John Russel, 
Jacob Baulus, 
George Benedum, 
Daniel Davis, 

INDIANA CONFERENCE. 



William Hastings, 
James Ross, 
Samuel Hiestand, 
John Coons. 



John Denham, 
James Griffith, 
Aaron Farmer, 



Josiah Davis 
John McNamer, 
Francis White om. 



MIAMI CONFERENCE. 

Henry Kumler Jr., 
John FetterhofF, 
Samuel Hoffman, 
John Swearingen. 

W. R. Rhinehart, and H. G. Spayth, Sec'ys. 

The amount of business which came before this 



Abraham S. Decker, 
David Keiser, 
George Bonebrake, 



182 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1833 

Conference, exceeded that of any preceding Con- 
ference, if we except the first. 

The powers of the General Conference were more 
clearly defined, in answer to the question, 

Does the General Conference possess any power 
which an Annual Conference does not ? 

Ans. Yes: the General Conference alone, can 
elect from among the Elders of the Church, one or 
more Bishops for the ensuing four years, and to 
make such provisions as may be conducive to the 
good of the whole Church: Provided, however, that 
it in no way alter the confession of faith, neither 
to add to, nor take therefrom. 

Nor shall any of its acts be so construed, as 
would in any manner change the meaning spirit, 
rules and regulations of our discipline as they now 
stand. 

Resolved^ That the number of delegates sent from 
each Annual Conference District to the General 
Conference, be limited to two Elders. 

AFFIRMATION. 

We believe that the mode of testifying to the truth, 
when required so to do in a legal form, by way of 
affirmation, is on us solemnly, conscientiously and 
fully binding before God, to tell the truth, the whole 
truth, and nothing but the truth. 

A year or two previous to the sitting of this Con- 
ference, a highly respectable citizen in the State of 
Maryland, was summoned as a witness before a 
Court of Justice. The Court refused to allow him 
to affirm, and demanded that he should be sworn. 



1833 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 183 

The witness replied that conscientiously he could 
not swear the oath required. The Judge replied, 
that if the Church of which he was a member, con- 
tained a disciplinary clause to that effect, the Court 
would admit him to affirm, if not he must swear 
which he firmly refused. The Court was about to 
commit him to jail for contumacy, when the Gen- 
tlemen at the Bar, prevailed with the Court to let 
the witness affirm. Hence, the above Section in 
our Discipline on affirmation, and believing as we 
do, that swearing by the Bible, or in the name of 
Almighty God, is contrary to the words of our Lord 
Jesus Christ, who says, " swear not at all." — Min- 
utes of General Confei^ence. 

Henry Kumler Sr., William Brown and Samuel 
Hiestand elected Bishops. 

General Conference in 1833, impressed with the 
importance of having a Church periodical published 
under its own supervision, a paper ^devoted to re- 
ligious, moral and literary intelligence. 

Resolved, That subscriptions be circulated in each 
of our Annual Conference D.stricts, one to raise a 
fund, another to obtain subscribers. 

That the office of said paper be located at Circle- 
ville, State of Ohio. 

George Dresbach, Jonathan Dresbach and John 
Russel, were appointed Trustees to carry the inten- 
tion expressed in the resolution into effect, and as 
soon as practicable, to publish or cause to be pub- 
lished, a paper of the character specified by the re- 
solve. 



184 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Accordingly the first paper was issued about the 
first of January, 1835, under the title, The Religious 
Telescope. W. R. Rhinehart, Editor. 

From the subscription, but little was received to- 
wards establishing the press. And the credit sys- 
tem, (so ruinous to every enterprise of the kind,) at 
more than one period of the existence of the Relig- 
ious Telescope, for the first six or seven years, was 
sufficient to cause an entire failure, leaving the office 
largely in debt. Its continuance and final success, 
freeing itself from all its liabilities, we own, is attrib- 
utable in chief, to the unremitting care, aid and at- 
tention which the establishment received from its 
Trustees, and the pecuniary assistance of certain 
brethren in the Church. 

The Trustees and Editor, Wm. Hanby, in their 
report to the General Conference held at Circleville, 
1845, urged on the Conference the necessity of 
adopting the cash principle in future, which report 
the Conference received and approved, well con- 
vinced by a painful experience, that the credit sys- 
tem with which the Telescope had contended 
from its commencement, by no skill nor prudence of 
its agents could retrieve its losses, or be prosecuted 
v/ith any reasonable hope of success. 

The adoption of the cash principle more than 
realized the most sanguine hopes of the Church in 
the present instance. 

As it is, our Printing Establishment has freed 
itself from debt, and is at this time, 1851, in a 
healthy and prosperous condition. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IX CHRIST. 185 

Its subscription list ranges between five and six 
thousand paying subscribers, and from present pros- 
pects, will double that number in less than five 
years. 

The importance and usefulness of the Press to the 
Church, is unquestionably great, and guided by wise 
counsels, must from its ownentrinsic value, exercise 
a controling and beneficial influence on the energies 
of the Church, which no other means have the 
power to efi'ect. 

From the same office is likewise issued semi- 
monthly, a German paper called the Busy Martha, 
with a subscription list deserving encouragement, 
and increase. 

Sandusky Annual Conference set ofi" by General 
Conference, 1833. 

COXSTITUTIOX. 

The General Conference held 1837, formed a con- 
stitution, which in itself contains no new elementary 
principle, but what the disciphne heretofore recog- 
nized and embraced : but is a concentration of the 
fundamental rules, found in the discipline, under ap- 
propriate sections. The constitution as it is, brings 
them together under one general head, in a clear 
and comprehensive manner, first defining certain 
specific duties; secondly, and wisely, setting limits to 
legislative and judicial powers. The General Con- 
ference of 1837 for prudential reasons, caused it to 
be published, -with a proviso that it should be laid 
over to the sitting of General Conference in 1841, 
aff'ording the Church an opportunity to instruct the 

13 



186 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

delegates which might be elected to that Conference, 
to adopt, amend or reject the same. 

The Conference of 1841, to which it had been 
referred, took it up as unfinished business, and with 
two or three slight amendments, it was finally adop- 
ted and inserted in its appropriate place in the dis- 
cipline. This is the constitution referred to in the 
preceding pages, which is, and ever will be an hon- 
or to the Church. It will be found in connection 
with the confession of faith at the close of this 
volume. 

Henry Kumler Sr., John Coons and Henry Kum- 
ler Jr., elected Bishops for four years. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 187 



CHAPTER XIX. 



Christian Grosh — Felix Light — Martin Crider — Christian and 
Abraham Hershey — Christian Berger — Fourney — Kenegy — 
Bortsfield — Cnim — Lewis Cramer — J. C. McNamer — A. Zel- 
ler — Jacob Bauhis — D. Tryer — H. Kumler — Joseph HolFman 
— Concluding Remarks — Confession of faith — Constitution. 

There remain yet many brethren of whom we 
•cannot speak at large, whose services and position 
in the Church, would eminently claim for them 
more than a passing notice here. Men who stood 
on Zion's walls, and only left their charge w^hen 
beckoned to come up higher ! Here are a few 
names; 

Christopher Grosh, greatly beloved and respected, 
prudent in counsel and mighty in the scriptures, — 
a peace-maker to many — a co-w^orker wdth the 
brethren for more than forty years ; he too, full of 
years, was gathered with the elect of God. 



Felix Light, a giant in stature, and when anima- 
ted, had a voice like distant thunder, yet meek as a 
lamb. True, he saw that rest was good, and the 
land that it was pleasant, but he bowed his shoulder 
to bear, and his candle shone brightly. His memory 
is embalmed in Lebanon. 



Martin Crider, the oldest preacher next to Otter- 
bein and Boehm, a true Aaronite, a strong pillar in 



188 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

the Church edifice ; and the father of John Crider 
the sweet singer, the sound and laborious preacher,, 
faithful as the father to the end. 



The two Hersheys, Christian and Abraham, love- 
ly in youth, serving the Lord, nobly bearing the 
burden and heat of the day. Their father before 
them, had opened his house and his substance 
to the then rising Church, for the preaching of the 
gospel, and which was continued as such by his 
children for many years. Christian is in Iowa. 
Abraham., the lovely, friendly Abraham, has'gone to 
rest! 



Christian Berger was received 1802. His preach- 
ing commenced in Washington county. Pa., where 
the fruit of his preaching Christ, to use a figure, still 
waves in succession like a handful of corn on the 
top of the mountain. His voice was as one crying 
in the wilderness, erratic and indefatigable in his 
preaching; he was one of those brethren who en- 
dured much for the gospel, in weariness, painful- 
ness and watchings, a man tried in the fire. His 
hire was the salvation of souls. The great day 
will present his great reward. 



West of the Ohio, the Church had Abraham 
Fourny, C. Kenegy, Matthias Bortsfield, John Crum, 
men faithful in their calling. Also; George Bene 
dum, whose life was pure, and his preaching blest ; 
yet his domestic cup was mixed with wormwood. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 189 

Had he lived to this day, he might say with Jacob, 
" It is enough, my children live" — Oh! how adorable 
are the ways €-f the Lord. 



John Smaltz thirty-five years a preacher, esteemed 
and beloved, was removed in 1847. in the seventy- 
first year of his age. 



Lewis Cramer one of the first German preachers 
in the west, faithful and persevering, a watchman 
for forty years, departed September 17th, 1847, in 
liis sixty-ninth year 



J. C. McNamer, atrue son of the gospel, deter- 
mined to march in the front rank of the ministerial 
army. He chose the frontier country for his field of 
gospel labors, to forego all sorts of comforts, to 
range the forest, to carry the gospel to the newly 
arrived inhabitants, to seek the lost and scattered of 
Israel, was his employment. No matter how poor 
or destitute they or himself were. Miami, Indiana, 
White River and Wabash Conferences, will long be 
blessed with the increase of his labors. He could 
.«ay in truth, 

Nothing on earth I call my -own; 
A stranger to the wg rid unknown, 

I all their goods despise; 
I trample on their whole delight. 
And seek a City out of sight, 
A City in the skies. 

DEPARTED THIS LIFE, 1846: 

AGED 67 YEARS. 

IN THE MINISTRY THIRTY-SIX YEARS. 



190 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Andrew Zeller, who ended his days in the Lord^ 
near Germantown^ Ohio, 1839; having seen his four 
score years, and near fifty in the service of his Lord 
and Master. After the demise of Wm. Otterbein^ 
he was elected Bishop in 1815. The duties of this 
important office, he discharged with ability and sat- 
isfaction to his brethren, for six years, when the 
great distance to travel (which was then all on horse- 
back,) to meet the Annual Conferences, had become 
too burdensome for him» 

One incident will to a faint degree, illustrate the 
piety and usefulness of this man of God: 

While on his official tour in 1815, he had to have 

a small piece of work done, in the town of M . 

The mechanic was a worthy man, but would attend 
no Church, nor hear preaching. While doing 
this piece of work, he cast a heedless look at Bro. 
Zellers, who stood not far away, with his hands 
folded before him. The man looked the second and 
the third time, but with feelings which had begun to 
steal on him for which he could not account. An- 
other look, and an arrow shot through his breast. 
From that moment he had no rest, (the stranger 
stood ever before him, with folded hands, and as he 
thought, was praying to God for his poor soul,) till 
God spoke peace to him. That man has ever since 
been a consistent christian, has a companion in 
heaven, and children in the service of God. How 
many splendid sermons are preached, but no con- 
versions. 

It may be justly inferred, that the case to which 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 191 

allusion has been made, and which fell under the 
authors immediate notice at the time, was but one 
instance of many of like character, which the Spirit 
wrought through the same individual. 

What a contrast between what men call great 
preachers, and what God approves. One hears the 
echo of applause; the other is followed by a train 
of happy souls bound to meet in heaven. We now 
see through a glass, darkly, fleeting visions pass be- 
fore and around us, which will prove happy realities 
when the veil will be lifted, and we see the saints 
who are the joy and diadem of the true minister, 
reflecting the light of Jesus Christ. To write a 
eulogy for Andrew Zeller, and many others, were 
vain. His remains rest on an elevated spot of land, 
near Germantown. Precious in the sight of the 
Lord is the death of his saints. 



There are yet living (1851,) of the members of our 
first General Conference, Jacob Baulus, Daniel Try- 
er, Henry Kumler and Joseph Hoffman, the latter 
being elected from the Maryland District, was by 
sickness detained in the City of Baltimore, at the 
time of the session. 

Of these, Jacob Baulus is the oldest, having pass- 
ed his four-score years. Bro. Baulus was born in 
Frederick county, Maryland, — experienced religion 
in his youth, at the age of eighteen. As a preach- 
er of the gospel, he was highly distinguished for an 
exemplary and pious life ; in mind, clear-sighted, 
comprehensive and correct. He was a near friend 



192 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

to Otterbein and Guething ; his preaching proved a 
blessing to many — he possessed the graces which 
could subdue the perverse, and unlock the tender 
passions of the human heart, by presenting gospel 
truths in their own pure style. To quote an Apos- 
trophe: 

"Could all like him the sacred gospel preach, 
And heavenly truths in heavenly language teach." 

In the year 1822, Bro. Baulus removed with his 
family from the State of Maryland, to Lower San- 
dusky, in the State of Ohio, where he was the first 
preacher to raise the gospel standard among the 
few white inhabitants then living at that place, and 
while the aboriginal race had yet full possession, 
east and west, of the Sandusky river. 

The moral and religious influence of the Bauluses 
has been seen and felt progressively, the sum and ex- 
tent of which, can only be know^n in the great day. 
We see him who has been a pillar in the Church, a 
leader, and for half a century in the front of the 
flock — now^ left in the rear. He might, but in a 
much higher sense, say with Jacob of old, " my 
company before is gone.^^ For the last four years he 
has been made to suffer under successive paralytic 
affections, the effects of which, have left him little 
•more than life. Religion is his solace and chief 
support in the solitude to which by reason of age, 
bodily infirmity and severe indisposition, he has 
been reduced; yet we see him joyful in hope, pa- 
tiently awaiting from morning till evening, and from 
evening till morning, his Master's call. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 193 

Daniel Tryer, a name known for many years, but 
our sphere of action having been wide apart, we 
have not had the opportunity to become personally 
acquainted with him, if we except the General Con- 
ference in 1815, when he made the most favorable 
impression on our mind, the traces of which time 
has not been able to efface. The writer has sought 
to obtain some account of Bro. Tryer's life, and la- 
bors in the vineyard of the Lord, but none has been 
received, and in the absence of a general or partic- 
ular knowledge of him personally, we are unable to 
supply the deficiency in this place. 



Henry Kumler Sr., another surviving member of 
the General Conference of 1815, formerly from near 
Greencastle Pa., but for many years a resident of 
Butler county, Ohio. Elected Bishop in 1825, and 
re-elected the four succeeding General Conferences, 
or until the sitting of the General C onference which 
met in Circleville, 1845, when age and infirmity pre- 
vented his being continued in that ofiice. 

No better praise nor historic record of the able 
ministry of Bro. Kumler, can be traced here, than 
his being so often re-elected to the office of a Bishop, 
and we believe as often without a dissenting voice. 
Much might justly be written of the perseverance, 
the love, the patience, and more than ordinary hospi- 
tality of Bro. H. Kumler; but in speaking of those 
living brethren, we would prefer to speak with deli- 
cacy and reserve of their ministerial character., 



194 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

general usefulness, and abilities as Elders in the 
Church of Christ. 



Joseph Hoffman, the last, but not the least name 
on our list, was born on the 19th of March, 1780, 
Cumberland county, Pa.. Embraced religion at the 
age of twenty-one. Obtained license to preach 
1803. Became an itinerant preacher the year fol- 
lowing. Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania, 
were alternately his fields of labor. In Bro. Hoff'- 
man the itinerant preacher was fully exemplified, — 
in labors abundant even to excess. An originality 
and inspired power characterized his preaching in 
a peculiar manner, — sinners wept — believers re- 
joiced. This joy in the gospel harvest, was never- 
theless balanced by the burden, the heat, the sweat 
and fatigue, which like so many ministering angels, 
waited on the intinerant preacher whether soever he 
went, and Joseph Hoff*man enjoyed the benefit of 
their constant attendance from 1804, to the year 
1812, when and within a month of the Annual Con- 
ference, the writer met him on his circuit at C. Her- 
shey's, Lancaster county. Pa., where some six or 
seven months previous, in a calm atmosphere, 
the sound of Hoffman's voice had been distinctly 
heard a mile from the house he preached at ; and 
yet that voice was not strained, but flowed in unison 
with the grandeur of the gospel theme. But on the 
present occasion, he arose slowly as one borne down 
by some unseen weight, and in his eff'ort to speak, 
that strong voice was reduced to a faintness, the 



TUE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 1\)D 

book trembled in his hands; this sight, and the few 
words which he attempted to say, moved the audi- 
ence to the strongest sympathy: they knew the cause, 
and felt the more sensibly aifected. To human ap- 
pearance, his health and strength were gone. From 
this debilitated state he recovered in a good degree, 
and in 1S14, was appointed by Annual Conference 
to take charge of the Otterbein Chui'ch in Baltimore: 
chosen a delegate to General Conference in 1815 
— remained in Baltimore till 1S17 — removed with 
his family to Fairfield county, in the State of Ohio, 
in 1818 — was elected Bishop in connection with C. 
Newcomer. 1821, and discharged the duties of a 
Bishop in the Church, with distinguished ability to 
the sitting of General Conference, 1825. when he 
retired with honor from the itinerancy. 



It is just to remark, that these pages, embracing 
as they do. near a century, should be received rather 
as a text book, than a commentary on the subject 
treated of, leaving the candid"reader room for reflec- 
tions, enlightened by a somid and unbiased judg- 
ment. 

It is, as will have been perceived, but an epitome 
of the progress of a single Church, rising up into 
being, nurtured by no artificial stimulants, but left 
to mature under all the changes and vicissitudes of 
her own seasons, seeking to draw her resom'ces 
from the treasury of the Lord, vrith no intrusion on 
the rights and privileges of other Churches. In 
any allusion which may have been made to them 



196 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

it has only been done to set forth the character and 
work of the United Brethren Church. 

With this distinguishing defference and respect, 
which Protestant Churches merit at our hands, and 
have a right justly to claim, they on their part, 
will unite with the author, in the remark, that the 
rise and progress of the Brethren Church, has been 
marked with a distinctive character of love and good 
will to existing denominations. Proselytism has 
been strictly guarded against^ and scrupulously 
avoided. No instance known, has yet occurred, 
when or where she attempted to profit by the dis- 
sensions unhappily springing up, either to the right, 
or to the left. And to her it is a subject of profound 
gratitude to the Allwise Disposer of events, that 
she as a Church, has never yet been guilty of schism 
in her sphere of action. With equal firmness, and 
in view of that love which never faileth, the spirit of 
sectarianism has not been able to cast its blighting 
shadow across her path. 

As a Church, may she by good works, and in the 
possession of her first love, be continued in the en- 
joyment of the favor of God; and as she has begui^ 
to arise and shine, may she as a Church, be girded 
with strength, and strive, in the unity of the spirit of 
meekness and pure love,that her 6'?/^ be smo-Z^ before 
God, so that her whole bodi/ be sdso full of light. 



1833 THE U>'ITED BRETHREN EN' CHRIST. 197 

CONFESSION OF FAITH. 

In the name of God we declare and confess before 
all men, that we believe in the only true God, the 
Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost, that these 
three are One, the Father in the Son, the Son in the 
Father, and the Holy Ghost equal in essence or being 
with both : that this Triune God created the heavens 
and the earth, and all that in them is, visible as well 
as invisible, and furthermore sustains, governs, pro- 
tects and supports the same. 

We believe in Jesus Chi'ist; that He is very God 
and man; that he became incarnate by the power 
of the Holy Ghost in the virgin Mary, and was born 
of her ; that he is the Savioui' and Mediator of the 
whole human race, if they with full faith in him, 
accept the grace proffered in Jesus : that this Jesus 
suffered and died on the cross for us, was buried, 
arose again on the third day, ascended into 
heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God, to in- 
tercede for us ; and that he shall come again at the 
last day, to judge the quick and the dead. 

We believe in the Holy Ghost : that he is equal 
in being with the Father and the Son, and that he 
comforts the faithful and guides them into all truth. 

We believe in a Holy Christian Church, the com- 
munion of saints, the resurrection of the body, and 
life everlasting. 

We believe that the Holy Bible, Old and New- 
Testament, is the word of God; that it contains the 
only true way to om- salvation; that every true 
christian is bound to acknowledge and receive it with 



198 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

the influence of the Spirit of God, as the only rule 
and guide ; and that without faith in Jesus Christ, 
true repentance, forgiveness of sins, and following 
after Christ, no one can be a true christian: 

We also believe that what is contained in the 
Holy Scriptures, to wit: the fall in Adam and re- 
demption through Jesus Christ, shall be preached 
throughout the world. 

We believe that the ordinances, namely: baptism 
and the remembrance of the sufferings and death of 
our Lord Jesus Christ, are to be in use, and practi- 
ced by all christian societies ; and that it is incum- 
bent on all the children of God, particularly to prac- 
tice them ; but the manner in which, ought always 
to be left to the judgment and understanding of ev- 
ery individual. Also, the example of washing feet, 
is left to the judgment of every one, to practice or 
not ; but it is not becoming for any of our preachers 
or members to traduce any of their brethren whose 
judgment and understanding in this respect is dif- 
ferent from their own, either in public or private. 
Whosoever shall make himself guilty in this respect, 
shall be considered a traducer of his brethren, and 
shall be answerable for the same. 

CONSTITUTION. 

We, the members of the Church of the UNITED 
BRETHREN IN CHRIST, in the name of God, 
do, for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of 
the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ, 
as well as to produce and secure a uniform mode of 
action, in faith and practice, also to define the pow- 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 199 

ers and the business of Quarterly, Annual and Gen- 
eral Conferences, as recognized by this Church, 
ordain the following articles of CONSTITUTION. 

ARTICLE I. 

Section. 1. All ecclesiastical power herein gran- 
ted, to make or repeal any rule of Discipline, is vested 
in a General Conference, which shall consist of 
Elders, elected by the members in every Conference 
District throughout the Society ; provided however, 
such Elders shall have stood in that capacity three 
years in the Conference District to which they be- 
long. 

Sec 2. General Conference is to be held every 
four years ; the Bishops to be considered members, 
and presiding officers. 

Sec 3. Each Annual Conference shall place be- 
fore the society the names of all the Elders eligible 
to membership in the General Conference. 

ARTICLE II. 

Section 1. The General Conference shall define 
the boundaries of the Annual Conferences. 

Sec 2. The General Conference shall at every 
session, elect Bishops from among the elders through- 
out the Church, who have stood six years in that ca- 
pacity. 

Sec 3. The business of each Annual Conference 
shall be done strictly according to Discipline ; and 
any Annual Conference acting contrary thereunto, 
shall, by impeachment, be tried by the General Con- 
ference. 



200 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 

Sec. 4. No rule or ordinance shall at any time 
be passed, to change or do away the Confession of 
faith as it now stands, nor to destroy the itinerant 
plan. 

Sec. 5. There shall no rule be adopted that will 
infringe upon the rights of any as it relates to the 
mode of baptism, the sacrament of the Lord's sup- 
per, or the washing of feet. 

Sec. 6. There shall be no^rule made that will de- 
prive local preachers of their votes in the Annual 
Conferences to which they severally belong. 

Sec. 7. There shall be no connection with secret 
combinations, nor shall involuntary servitude be 
tolerated in any way. 

Sec 8. The right of appeal sh^ll be inviolate. 

ARTICLE m. 

The right, title, interest, and claim of all property, 
whether consisting in lots of ground, meeting houses, 
legacies, bequests or donations of any kind, obtain- 
ed by purchase or otherwise, by any person or per- 
sons, for the use, benefit, and behoof of the Church 
of the United Brethren in Christ, is hereby fully re- 
cognized and held to be the property of the Church 
aforesaid. 

ARTICLE IV. 

There shall be no alteration of the foregoing Con- 
stitution, unless by request of two-thirds of the 
whole society. May 19, 1841, 

FINIS. 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH 



OF THE 



UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 



BY 



WILLIAM HANBY. 



FROM THE YEAR 1825, TO THE YEAR 1850. 



*' I will sing of the mercies of the Lord forever: with my mouth 
will I make known thy faithfulness to all generations." 

[Psalms lxxxix, i. 



PART SECOND. 



Cirtknilk, dDljin: 

PUBLISHED AT THE COffFERENCE OFFICE OF THE 
UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 

1851 



PREFACE TO PART SECOND. 



It is with no small degree of diffidence, that I have 
attempted to carry out, and bring down to the present 
time, as part second of the history of a people but 
little- known, of the rise and progress of whom, my 
very worthy brother H. G. Spayth,has given a faith- 
ful sketch from their commencement down to about 
the year one thousand eight hundred and twenty- 
five. 

Nothing but a desire to place upon record for 
coming generations, the doings and success of a 
people whose silent efforts under God, have been 
working a heavenly influence, and spreading gospel 
holiness through extensive portions of this conti- 
nent, have induced me to the undertaking. This 
task too, was the more difficult, from the fact, 
that for many years the Church published no peri- 
odicals ; and her general policy was to pass silently 
along, with but very few notes by the way. The 
materials from which the following pages are com- 
piled, are drawn mainly, from Christian Newcomer^s 
journal. Conference journals, the Religious Teles- 
cope, and from memory. Having had a regular 



204 



PREFACE . 



connection, as a minister, with the Church for the 
last twenty years, I hope I have been able to chronicle 
many valuable items from actual observation. 

The history for the last twenty-five years, will 
present the Church in a light, and under circum- 
stances materially differing from that which is pre- 
sented in the preceding part of this work. From 
the first organization, down to about 1825, the la- 
bors of the Church were almost exclusively in the 
German language — consequently, during that time, 
the work was confined to German settlements main- 
ly. Since the time above specified, the German 
language, in many places, has entirely given place 
to the English. This state of things resulted in 
great neglect of the German interests — there being 
many American and European Germans, who could 
not understand the English language. It also re- 
sulted in a general spread of the work in English 
communities, where the Brethren Church was un- 
known before. 

It is not because of any high sounding titles with- 
in the pales, nor yet because of the miraculous 
deeds of Almighty God, through her instrumentality, 
beyond what is promised to the truly devoted every- 
where, that an attempt is made to write out a history 
of the Brethren Church. To the former, no claims 



PREFACE. 205 

are set up ; and with regard to the latter, our peo- 
ple are pleased to know, and humbled at the thought, 
that the hand of God has gently, quietly, and yet 
gloriously marked every step in their history. To 
go out in the high-ways, the hedges and ditches, 
and bring in the poor, the maimed, the blind, &c., 
has thus far, been the appropriate work of the 
Brethren. Others have flocked into towns, cities 
and the high places of the earth, and there planted 
their ebenezers, while our appropriate work, under 
God, has been to hunt up the scattered ones — go 
into dark and destitute portions of the country, and 
there preach Christ to the people. Our object there- 
fore has been, to faithfully record the workings of a 
Divine hand, in the accomplishment of great good 
through weak instrumentalities. 

That the blessings of the great giver of all good, 
may be continued towards this branch of the Church, 
and the Israel of God everywhere, until his kingdom 
shall spread over all lands, and his praises be car- 
rolled by every tongue, the author would unite in 
humble supplications with all the sacramental host 
of God on earth. W. H. 

Cirdevilie, O., Feb. 2i, 1851. 



CONTEITS 



CHAPTER I. 

Four Annual Conferences at this date — their boundaries — The 
session of each given — English preachers — Itinerancy — Be- 
nevolent Society formed — Act of incorporation of — Confer- 
ences of 1826 — WidowSnyder's donation, 209 

CHAPTER 11. 

Annual Conferences of 1827 — Low salaries — Preachers called — 
Conferences of 1828 — Church advancing — English preachers 
uniting in the work — Four Annual and one General Confer- 
ence in 1829 — Death of Steward, Newcomer, and others — 
Newcomer's Journal, 219 

CHAPTER III. 

Five Conferences in 1830 — Their names heretofore — Preach- 
er's salary — Six Conferences in 1831 — Other Churches claim- 
ing the use of our meeting-houses — Six Conferences for 1832 
— Death of Havens and Kenney — Asiatic cholera — Six Con- 
ferences for 1833 —Also 1834, 227 

CHAPTER IV. 

Printing Establishment — Eight Annual Conferences in 1835 — 
Interesting revivals — A German work exclusively, 236 

CHAPTER V. 

Eight Conferences in 1836 — Interesting revivals east and west — 
A mission in Canada — Death of Benedum and others — Annual 
Conferences of 1837 — General Conference of same year ■ — 
Election of Bishops — Conversion of a Jew, 245 

CHAPTER VI. 

Conferences of 1838 — Slavery discussion in the Telescope — 
Home Missionary Societies — Death of Bishop Heistand, and 
Dewalt Mechlin — Interesting revivals — Church organized in 
Circleville — Conferences of 1839 — Death of Andrew Zeller, 
and others — Charter for Printing Establishment, 254 



CONTENTS. 207 

CHAPTER VII. 

Conferences of 1840 — Great revivals — Death of Brs. Key, Frey 
and Light — Conferences of 1841 — General Conference — 
Salary of preachers raised — Foreign Missionary Society — 
Revivals, 264 

CHAPTER VIII. 

Conferences of 1842 — Revivals — Twelve ministers died — 
Conferences of 1843 — Miller excitement — Two ministers died, 274 

CHAPTER IX. 

Conferences of 1844 — The work in Iowa — Death of Neiding, 
Sutton, Flickinger, Bash and Bowers — Conferences of 1845 — 
Death of Jesse Wilson, 282 

CHAPTER X. 

General Conference of 1845 — Four Conferences set off — Con- 
ferences of 1845 — Revivals — Holiness, 290 

CHAPTER XI. 

Conferences of 1846 — Otterbein University — The German 
Telescope — Great Church trial in Baltimore — An anecdote 
concerning J. Russel, 299 

CHAPTER XII. 

Conferences of 1847 — Opposition to Colleges — Death of Smaltz 
and Kramer ■ — The elFects of the Mexican war — A Church 
constituted in Philadelphia, Pa., 312 

CHAPTER XIII. 

Conferences of 1848 — Death of W. Hastings, and J. Lehman — 
Revivals of religion — City of Nauvoo — Opposition from se- 
cret combinations, 319 

CHAPTER XIV. 

Annual Conferences of 1849 — General Conference of the same 
year — Discussion on Slavery — Discussion on Secret Socie- 
ties — Election of Bishops — ■ Conclusion, 328 



HISTORY OF THE CHURCH 



OF THE 



:UN1TE0 BRETHREN IN CIRIST. 



CHAPTER I. 



FROM JANUARY 1825, TO JANUARY 1827. 



Four Annual Conferences at this date — their boundaries — The ses- 
sion of each given — English preachers — Itinerancy — Benevolent 
Society formed — Act of incorporation of — Widow Snyder's do- 
nation. 

By the untiring efforts of the Rev. H. G. Spayth, 
the history of the Brethren Church, is fairly 
chronicled down to the General Conference of 1825. 
At this Conference, there was a new Annual Con- 
ference District struck off from the Miami Confer- 
ence, and called, " the Scioto Annual Conference," 
of the United Brethren Church. It, like that of the 
Miami and Muskingum, received the name of a 
river running through the territory of which it is 
composed. 

At this date, the Church consisted of four Annual 
Conferences, to wit: The Pennsylvania, Miami, 
Muskingum and Scioto. 

209 



210 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1825 

The Pennsylvania Conference embraced the States 
of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, as its 
Territory ; though of course, this vast extent of 
country v\^as only partially occupied. The v\^ork, at 
this time, had already spread itself into the counties 
of Dauphin, Lebanon, Lancaster, Westmoreland 
and Washington of Pennsylvania ; Washington, 
Frederick and Baltimore, of Maryland, and some 
two or three counties in Virginia. This Confer- 
ence was founded in the year 1789. 

The Miami Conference being the next oldest, was 
constituted in 1810, and then embraced all the ter- 
ritory North West of the Ohio River. It is now 
limited to the Western portion of the State of Ohio, 
and extending into Indiana. 

The Muskingum Conference which is next in or- 
der, was constituted in 1817, and embraced the East- 
tern and Northern portions of the State of Ohio, 
and two counties of Western ' Pennsylvania, and is 
bounded on the West by the Muskingum River, and 
a line running North West from Coshocton, to Lake 
Erie. 

The Scioto Conference, but newly constituted, as 
has already been stated, occupied the Middle por- 
tions of the State, so far as Eastern and Western 
lines are concerned^ but extended to the Ohio River 
on the South, and to Lake Erie on the North. 

The Pennsylvania Conference held its Annual 
Session for this year, at Littlestown, Adams county, 
Pa., May the 10th, 1825. Bishop Newcomer presi- 
ded, assisted by John Hildt.- There were twenty -nine 



1825 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 211 

members present. Eight applicants received, to 
wit: William Rhinehart, John Zahn, John Hendricks, 
C. Shopp, John Krack, Jaxob Snyder, Abram Her- 
shey, and John Fry. The preachers were stationed 
in the following manner: 

Baltimore Station — - Wm Brown. 

Augusta Circuit — ^ Jacob Daub. 

Shenandoah Circuit — ^ John Zahn, 

Hagerstown Circuit — G. Smith. 

York Circuit — ^ J. Brown. 

Juniatta Circuit — C.Weist. 

Huntingdon Circuit — J. Hendricks. 

Lancaster Circuit — - J. Erb. 

No P. Elders named. 

This Conference held a fall session this same 
year, which commenced November 17th, in Cham- 
l^ersburg. Pa. Bishops Newcomer and Kumler, pre- 
sided. There were thirty-five preachers present, — 
six applicants received, and five Presiding Elders 
elected. It was quite common in the early days of 
the society, to have a Presiding Elder appointed for 
every one or two circuits; and this course appeared 
the more necessary, as but very little was paid for 
the support of the gospel; Elders, therefore, would 
take small appointments, and labor free of charge, 
or nearly so. 

Muskingum Conference convened in Mt. Pleasant, 
Westmoreland county. Pa., May 24th. Bishop 
Newcomer presided. Seventeen preachers were 
present. Abraham Troxel died during the last 
year — a preacher for forty years ; a man of 



212 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1825 

great age and of blessed memory. H. G. Spayth 
and James Johnston, were appointed Presiding El- 
ders for fom' years, " John Cline itinerant preacher for 
the whole district.'''' 

The next in order was the General Conference 
which was held near what is now called Canal Do- 
ver, Tuscarawas county, O., commencing June 7th, 
of which a full account is given in part first of this 
work. 

The Scioto Conference held its first session at the 
house of George Graul, commencing June the 16th, 
1825. Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. 
At this Conference measures were taken to organ- 
ize a Benevolent Society in the West, similar to one 
which had been incorporated in the East two years 
previous, of which more will be said hereafter. 

Miami Conference met in Miltonville, Butler coun- 
ty, O., August 8th. Bishop Kumler presided — as- 
sisted by J. G. Pfremer; There were at this time, 
eight circuits embraced in this Conference, several 
of which were in the State of Indiana, and have 
long since been set off from this Conference. 

The work, about this time, commenced spreading 
into English communities, several English preachers 
having united with the German Brethren, a few years 
previous, especially in the Scioto Conference. Na- 
thaniel Heavens, J. Coons, William Steward and 
James Kenney, were among the number of English 
preachers, two of whose names are found upon the 
minutes of the General Conference of 1825, and 
one indeed, N. Havens, was a member of General 



1826 THE UNITED BRETHREN CN CHRIST, 213 

Conference in 1821. These brethren were all of 
them itinerant men, and continued to travel until 
disabled by sickness ^or removed by death ; one 
however, J. Coons is still living. 

A society had been formed east of the mountains, 
for the relief of superannuated, and in the service of 
the Church, worn out traveling preachers, their wid- 
ows and orphan children ; and a deep interest had 
existed in the minds of brethren in the west, in be- 
half of a similar organization. Many of the trav- 
eling preachers were poor men, and some with large 
families, and very small salaries ; consequently some 
such relief society was considered very desirable. 
Many of the ministers regarded such a society as a 
staff upon which to lean, to some extent at least, in 
their declining days. 

On the 4th day of February, 1826, a Charter was 
accordingly obtained of the Legislature of the State 
of Ohio, for the accomplishment of the desired ob- 
ject. The following is a copy of the Charter ver- 
batim: 

AN ACT 

Of the Le^slature of the State of Ohio to incorporate the Benevolent 
Society of the United Brethren in Christ. 

Sec. 1 . "Be it enacted by the General Assembly 
of the State of Ohio, that Jos. Hoffman, Dewalt 
Mechlin, Samuel Heistand, Lewis Cramer, Samuel 
Myers, George Benedum and John Coons, and their 
successors to be elected agreeably to the rules and 
regulations of said Society, shall be, and they are 
hereby declared to be one community corporation 



214 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1826 

and body politic by the name of '• The Trustees of 
the Benevolent Society of the United Brethren in 
Christ," in the county of Fairfield and State of 
Ohio ; and by the same shall have perpetual succes- 
sion, and be able to sue and be sued, plead and be 
impleaded, answer and be answered, defend and be 
defended in any court of law, or equity in this State 
or elsewhere ; and to make and have a common seal, 
and the same to alter or renew at pleasure ; and also 
to ordain and establish such by-laws and ordinances 
as to them shall appear necessary for regulating the 
concerns of said society — the same not being incon- 
sistent with the constitution and laws of this State 
and the United States. 

Sec. 2. That the objects of said corporation are 
hereby declared to be the raising a fund by dona- 
tions and annual subscriptions, for the support of 
traveling superannuated and other indigent preach- 
ers of said society; for which purposes the said 
society shall be capable in law at all times, to pur- 
chase, take, have and hold and possess to them and 
their successors, in fee simple or otherwise, any 
lands tenem.ents, annuities, chatties or any other 
property by the bargain and sale, gift, grant, demise 
or bequests of any person or persons, body politic, 
or corporate capable in law, to make the same ; and 
the same at their pleasure, to alien, sell, transfer or 
lease in such manner as they may judge most con- 
ducive to the benevolent purposes of said society : 
Provided, that the said society shall not at an}' time 



1826 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 215 

hold real personal or mixed property exceeding in 
all, the yearly income of fLve thousand dollars. 

Sec. 3. That all acts or deeds of said society, shall 
be signed by the President of said Trustees, and seal- 
ed with their corporate seal, and all deeds made by 
them for the conveyance of lands and tenements of 
the society, which by the laws of this State, ought to 
be acknowledged and recorded, shall be signed and 
sealed as aforesaid, and shall also be acknovv^ledged 
by the President of said Trustees, and recorded ac- 
cording to law ; and all acts or deeds of said society 
so authenticated, shall be valid and efficient in law ; 
Provided, that said Trustees shall not use their funds 
for the purpose of Banking, or for any other pur- 
pose inconsistent with the interest and meaning of 
this act." 

W. W. IRVIN, 

Speaker House Reps. 
ALLEN TRIMBLE. 

Speaker of the Senate. 

February 4th,. 1826. 

The Trustees met at the house of Wm. Ambrose, 
in Highland county, on the 17th day of May, 1826, 
and were organized by electing Samuel Myers Pres- 
ident, and Joseph Heistand Treasurer, and appoin- 
ted their next meeting to be held at Joseph Hofi'- 
man's, Fairfield county, on the 29th of September, 
following. 

On the 29th day of September, the Trustees met 

Note. — A similar charter was obtained for the Maryland Society 
in 1823 



216 HISTOSY OF THE CHURCH OF 1826 

in Fairfield county, Ohio, and adopted a common 
constitution, setting forth rules and regulations by 
which the society should be governed in future. 

The constitution provides, that any person who 
shall pay into the Treasury of the society sixty 
cents annually, shall be considered a member for 
the time being ; and also that any one who shall' 
pay ten dollars, shall be considered a member for 
life, without any further contribution. 

Also; that the capital stock raised by life mem- 
bership, together with all bequeaths and donations, 
save the sixty cent subscription, be kept sacred, 
until the capital stock shall amount to twenty thou- 
sand dollars. 

The proceeds of the society, were to be paid over 
to the Annual Conferences, after deducting expenses, 
to be appropriated in accordance with the design 
as expressed in the charter. The Trustees of the 
society to be appointed every four years by the Gen- 
eral Conference. 

Four Annual Conferences were held in the year 
1826. The first in order was the Pennsylvania, 
which met at the house of John Shoop, in Cumber- 
land county, Pa., April 3d. Bishops Newcomer 
and Kumler presided. John Neidig, Samuel Huber 
and David Baer, were elected Presiding Elders. 
Forty-two preachers were present, and one appli- 
cant received on probation. 

During this year a widowed sister, loved of the 
Lord and honored by the Church, departed this life. 
Prior to her departure, she bequeathed to the Penn- 



1826 THE L^XITED BRETHREN LN' CHRIST. 217 

sylvania Conference, one thousand dollars, the prin- 
cipal to be kept sacred, and the interest to be appli- 
ed annually to the support of the traveling preach- 
ers. Long will sister Snyder s donation be remem- 
bered by the Church. Truly, she being dead, yet 
speaketh. We hope that those concerned, will take 
good care of that money, that it may assist in sup- 
porting the gospel for ages yet to come: Amen. 

Muskingum Conference met at Jos. Xoftzgers, 
Harrison count)^, Ohio, on the 2d day of May. 
Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. Nine 
preachers only, were present. Two additional Pre- 
siding Elders were elected, to wit: John Crum and 
Henry Erret. 

It appears from the minutes of this Conference, 
that there were but two regular circuits at this time 
in the entire Conference, to wit: AYillscreek and 
Wooster cu'cuits. S. C. Briggs Avas placed upon 
the former, and James Haskinson upon the latter. 
Thi'ee preachers of this Conference died during the 
last year, viz: Abraham Forney, Peter Weimer and 
John Sluts. 

With regard to circuits and the itinerancy, it is 
proper to remark, that at this time, there were but 
few who gave themselves up exclusively to travel- 
ing. All were itinerants to some extent, but few, 
however, were exclusively so. The most general 
plan of operation, was to have a certain number of 
appointments arranged into cu-cuits, to be filled by 
different ones as circumstances would admit ; and 



218 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1826 

that as a general thing, with but very little, if any 
compensation 

Scioto Conference met at Wm. Ambrose's, near 
Hillsborough, O., on the 16th of May. Bishops New- 
comer and Kumler presided We regret that the 
minutes of this and two succeeding sessions of this 
Conference, are not in our possession. 

Miami Conference convened at Clear Creek meet- 
ing-house, Warren county, Ohio, on the 6th day of 
June, Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. 
Thirty-nine preachers were present. At this Con- 
ference, a resolution of disapprobation was passed 
against any of its members meeting in Masonic 
Lodges. Thirty-two voted for the resolution, and 
seven against it; also, that if any of the preachers 
now belonging to Conference, should join any Ma- 
sonic fraternity, that they thereby expel themselves 
from the Church. John Denham, F. Bonebrake 
and Wm. Ballard, were received on probation. 
Rev. John George Pfremer died this year ; long and 
favorably known among the brethren, of whom a 
fair account is given in part first of this work. J. 
McNamer and J. Mahan, were elected Presiding El- 
ders. Ten circuits were embraced in the work at 
this time. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 219 



CHAPTER 11. 



FROM JANUARY 1827, TO JANUARY 1830. 



Annual Conferences of 1827 — Low salaries — preachers called — 
Conferences of 1828 — Church advancing — English preachers uni- 
ting in the work — Four Annual and one General Conference in 
1829 — death of Steward, Newcomer, and others — Newcomer's 
Journal. 

Four Annual Conferences convened in 1827, 
The first was the Pennsylvania,, which met at Spring- 
field, Cumberland county. Pa., on the 3d day of 
April. Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. 
Thirty-four preachers were present. John Snyder, 
George Guething and D. Baer, were elected Presi- 
ding Elders. J. Eckstine, J. Fluegel and George 
Hiskey, were received on probation. Abraham 
Mayer died during this year, aged 69 years. 

The Muskingum Conference met in Mt. Pleasant, 
Westmoreland county, Pa., April 18th. Bishops 
Newcomer and Kumler presided. Three ministers 
from the Methodist E. Church, united with this Con- 
ference. Daniel Worman and Robert McCray, were 
ordained, by laying on of hands. The traveling 
preachers reported the following sums as salaries 
received: " S. C. Briggs received $50, J.Wilson 
$79, and John Crum $ 18 ; all well satisfied." 

From the above quotation, it would appear that 
these brethren were not preaching for money — the 



220 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1827 

wonder, however, is, how they could possibly live on 
such an income. Adam Hetsler came to this Con- 
ference as an exhorter, and was kindly received, and 
licensed to preach. Thirty-two preachers belonged 
at this date. Daniel Worman was elected Presiding 
Elder for the Westmoreland District. 

Scioto Conference met at Lewis Cramer's, in 
Fairfield county, Ohio, on the first day of May. 
Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. No min- 
utes of this Conference, as has been intimated here- 
tofore. Bishop Newcomer in his Journal, speaking 
of this Conference, says: 

"On the evening of May 3d, the Conference was 
brought to a close: bless the Lord ! love and harmo- 
ny prevailed among the brethren." 

Miami Conference convened in Corrydon, Ind., 
on the 22d day of May. Bishops Newcomer and 
Kumler presided. C. Key; John Lopp, Silas Davis, 
Daniel Kumler, F. Kenoyer and John Hoobler, 
were received on probation. Twelve names are 
found upon the intinerant list this year, and quite 
an itinerant spirit manifested — the work was spread- 
ing with interest Westward. The Conference was 
divided into four P. Elder Districts ; and George 
Bonebrake, John McNamer, Henry Bonebrake and 
George Hoff'man, were elected Presiding Elders. 

By reference to the proceedings of this Confer- 
ence, it will be seen, that the highest salary received 
during the last year by any one man, did not exceed 
seventy dollars, while the average was about thirty 
a piece. The whole history of the Brethren Church 



1828 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 221 

shows conclusively, that no worldly motive could 
have induced men to leave their worldly occupations, 
to become traveling preachers. The '' Wo is me 
if I preach not," has reached the heart of many a 
pious young man, and drove him from friends and 
home, to hunt up the lost sheep of the house of Is- 
rael ; without even a staff to lean upon, save the 
Saviour's own blessed promise, " Lo I am with you 
alway, even unto the end of the world." 

Four Annual Conferences were held in the jea.Y 
1828, as usual. The first in the order of time, was 
the Pennsylvania Conference, which met at Union 
Church, Middletown Valley, Maryland. Bishops 
Newcomer and Kumler presided. Thirty-four 
preachers were present. Eleven applicants receiv- 
ed, viz: M. Lawson, F. Gilbert, Wm, Hennier, Wm. 
Sholte, Jos. Berger, John DehofF, H. Huber, R. Cat- 
low, James Sutton, Geo. Gilbert and John Smith. 
Christian Ludwig and Philip Zeigler, departed this 
life during the past year. The Conference was di- 
vided into five Presiding Elder Districts, to wit: Vir- 
ginia, Hagerstown, Carlisle, Huntington and Lan- 
caster. Two delegates were to be sent from each 
District to the General Conference of 1829. There 
were nine circuits embraced in the whole work. 

Rev. J. Neidig was stationed in Baltimore, Md. 

Muskingum Conference met at Broad Run Church, 
Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 22d day of ApriL 
Bishops Newcomer and Kumler presided. D. Wei- 
mer, A. Shilling, Jacob Crum and Moses Herbert, 
were received on probation. We find the following 



222 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1828 

record upon the Journal of this Conference, which 
appears to make a general sweep of the itinerancy 
for the time being: " The two former circuit preach- 
ers made no return of themselves or their circuits — 
had been under charges, and were silenced." There 
were four circuits in the Conference at this time, 
and supplied in the following manner: 

A. Hetsler and Moses Herbert were placed joint- 
ly on Wooster and New Lisbon circuits ; Henry 
Purdy on Willscreek, and Jacob Winter on West- 
moreland circuit. The session was one of much 
religious interest ; and notwithstanding the opposi- 
tion from without, and some discouragements from 
within, the work was spreading and taking root. 

Scioto Conference met at Peter Meyers, in Fay- 
ette county, Ohio, commencing May the 6th. Bish- 
ops Newcomer and Kumler presided. We are in- 
debted to. the journal of Bishop Newcomer, for the 
time and place of the sitting of this Conference. 
Next year, we shall be able to extract from the reg- 
ular minutes. 

Miami Conference met at Milton ville, Butler coun- 
ty, Ohio, May 20th. Bishops Newcomer and Kum- 
ler presided. B. Abbot, John McGinnis and David 
Kiser, were received on probation. Rev. J. A. Ball, 
in consequence of having united with a Masonic 
fraternity, was declared no longer a member of the 
Conference,* John McNamer, George Bonebrake, 
J. P. Brown: and John Zellers, elected P. Elders. 

*Bro. Ball has long since ceased to be an adhering mason, and is 
now an honored minister in the Church. 



1829 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 223 

Rev. John Denham was ordained at this Conference, 
by the imposition of hands by the Bishops. 

During the past year, so far as we have the means 
of knowing, the Church advanced in strength 
and numbers. The Conferences were becoming 
more systematic in their proceedings — the itine- 
rancy becoming more perfect — new fields of labor 
^dded to the number already cultivated ; and new 
laborers employed to go into the vineyard of the 
Lord. English preachers were coming into the 
work in all the Western Conferences ; and indeed, 
a new epoch begins to mark the history, of / the 
Brethren Church. 

Four Annual Conferences, and one General Con- 
ference were held during the year 1829. 

Pennsylvania Conference met at Guethings meet- 
ing house, Washington county, Md. Bishops New- 
comer and Kumler presided. Thirty-preachers were 
present. Eleven applicants received into the min- 
istry. The session was a very pleasant and harmo- 
nious one. Ten circuits belonged to the Conference 
at this time. 

Muskingum Conference met at George Franks, 
on the 28th day of April. Bishops Newcomer and 
■Kumler presided. Fourteen preachers were pres- 
ent. Thomas Herbert, Jonathan Harrison, Jacob 
Brill and Daniel Matthews were received on proba- 
tion. Five circuits embraced- in this Conference 
this year. The fifth was called Sandusky circuit. 
The work was now spreading out into the Sandusky 
countries. We find the name of Jacob Baulus upon 



224 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1829 

the Conference minutes — he having removed to 
those parts, and doubtless had ah'eady raised the 
standard of the cross in the North-western woods 
of Ohio. Five ministers were appointed to the five 
circuits, and five appointed as Presiding Elders, one 
for each circuit. These five circuits extended from 
Mt. Pleasant, Pa., to Lower Sandusky, Ohio — hence 
the propriety of so many Presiding Elders. D. 
Worman for the east, J. Hildt, J. Krum and J. Stam- 
bach for the Middle regions, and J. Baulus for the 
Sandusky — were elected Presiding Elders. 

The first Friday in August was set apart a;s a day 
of fasting and prayer. 

Scioto Conference met at Jacob Arnold's, Fair- 
field county, Ohio, on the 11th day of May. Bish- 
ops Newcomer and Kumler presided. Twelve 
preachers were present. Wm. Hastings, Wm, Wil- 
liams, John Clymer and E. Vandemark, were re- 
ceived on probation. The death of Wm. Steward 
was entered upon the Conference journal, with pain- 
ful emotions in consequence of the removal of one 
so useful and so much beloved. Long will the 
name of Bro. Steward be cherished by many who 
still live in the bounds of the Scioto Conference. 

He died during the last year, very suddenly, and 
away from home. James Kinney was elected Pre- 
siding Elder. The first Friday in August was ap- 
pointed as a day of solemn prayer to Almighty God, 
for the prosperity of Zion. 

We are now brought in the thread of our history 
to the fifth General Conference of the United Breth- 



1829 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 225 

ren Church, which convened at Dewalt Mechlin's, 
Fairfield county, Ohio, on the 15th day of May, 
1829. For the proceedings of which, see page 176, 
of first part, by H. G. Spayth. 

The next General Conference was to convene at 
George Dresbach's, Pickaway county, on the second 
Tuesday in May 1833. After an interesting exhor- 
tation from Bro, Jo&eph Hoff"man, Conference ad- 
journed. 

Miami Conference convened in Germantown O., 
on the 26th day of May, 1829. Bishops Newcomer 
-and Kumler presided. Two applicants were re- 
ceived. Five brethren w^ere set apart to the minis- 
try by ordination. 

Though Bishop Newcomer was re-elected to the 
office of Bishop at the General Conference of this 
jear, (being at the time in his eighty-first year,) we 
have traced him in his official tour to the West, for 
the last time. After performing a journey of over 
.fifteen hundred miles on horse back, traveling forty, 
forty-five, and one day fifty-two miles, he returned 
to the bosom of his friends, to die in peace, having 
borne much fruit, and been honored with many years. 
He died March 12th, 1830, in his eighty-second year. 
For a detailed account of the life, labors and death 
of this great man, see first part, page 177. 

We have one further remark to make in connec- 
tion with the labors of Bishop Newcomer. We 
allude to his journal — a work written by himself, 
intended doubtless, for his own benefit, and not the 
public eye After his death, it w^i^ translated by 

16 



226 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1829 

J. Hildt and published by Wm. R. Rhinekart. 
This work did not meet with a very general sale,, 
and was consequently cried down as containing, no 
merit. Some called it a mere almanac, because 
places, dates, &c., were all regularly recorded — be- 
cause it was a regular journal, intended for the pri- 
vate use of the Author, and had received but very 
little, if any, embellishment from the translator. 
Now we have but to say, that in these, (to some,) 
the objectionable features of thejournal, is found its 
greatest value to the Church. True, there is much 
repetition on its pages, and this is also true of the 
labors of that good man. Thirty-eight times he 
crossed the Alleghenies, could anything but repeti- 
,tion be expected? As a text book, pointing out as 
it does, the labors, dates and incidents of a long and 
useful life of an eminent man, connected with the 
early history of the Church, Newcomer's Journal i& 
above estimate ; and is worthy an honorable place 
,in the library of every true friend of the Church. 
^e would not be depriv,ed of its contents. 



1S30 THE UNITED BRETHREN EN' CHRIST. 2"27 



CHAPTER III. 



FROM JA^'UARY 1-30. TO DECEMBER 1S34. 



Five Conference.^ in 1S30 — Their names heretofore — Preacher's sal 
arv — Sis Conferences in 1531 — other Churches claiming the use of 
our meetiag-houses — - Sis Conferences for 1532 —Death of Havens 
and Kenney — Asiatic cholera — Sis Conferences for l533. 

Five Annual Conferences were held this year. 
The first was the Pennsylvania, * v.-hich met at 
Shopp's Chm^h; Cumberland county Pa., on the 
22d day of March. Bishop Kumler presided, and G. 
Guething assisted. Though this Conference was 
divided at the General Conference of 1S29, yet the 
brethren all met together once more, doubtless for 
the purpose of more effectually carrying but the de- 
cision of said General Conference. The deaths of 
Bishop Xewcomer and Christopher Grosh. were en- 
tered upon the Journal. 

* From the records of this Conference, and from the proceeding's of 
the General Conference, it appears that this Conference for many years 
prior to this date, bore the name of '' Hagerstoicn C-ont'erence,'' instead 
of Penusylvania. At the General Conference when it -vras divided, the 
Conference now known as the Virginia, retained the name of 
Hagerstown Conference, and the new Conference now known as 
the Pennsylvania was then called the Harrisburg Conference. 
In the proceediQgs of the General Conference of 1533, we find Ha- 
gerstown Conference bearing the name of Virginia Conference, and the 
Harrisburg changed to Pennsylvania Conference. Bro. Spayth having 
set out in part first of this work, with the names as now applied to 
these Conferences, we have for the sake of being better understood, 
pursued the same course, yet it appeared necessary to make this expla- 
nation. 



228 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1830 

At this Conference it was resolved that a new 
protocol be purchased, and that Wm. Brown trans- 
cribe the proceedings from the old, into the new. 

Fifty preachers were present, and seventeen ab- 
sent. Total number of members belonging, sixty 
seven. Ten circuits and one station belonged to 
the whole work, prior to division ; nine applicants 
were received. 

MusMngum Conference met at Crooked Run M. 
House, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on the 13th day 
of April. Bishop Kumler present, John Crum was 
elected assistant. Twenty preachers were present, 
and twelve absent -- total, thirty-two. There were 
eight itinerants, and four circuits reported in the en- 
tire work, as follows: Westmoreland, Willscreek, 
Wooster and Sandusky. Hence it would appear, 
that the entire Muskingum Conference, embracing 
as it then did, parts of the Allegheny and Sandusky 
Conferences, was a mere string of appointments, 
extending from Mt. Pleasant, Pa., to Lower Sandus- 
ky, Ohio. Twenty years ago, the Muskingum 
Conference within its present territory, consisted of 
two circuits only. "Truly," in the language of 
Bishop Newcomer, " God has enlarged our bor- 
ders." It now numbers, (1851,) 24 circuits. 

Scioto Conference met at P. Cramer's, Fairfield 
county Ohio, on the 27th day of ApriL Bishop 
Kumler presided, assisted by Jos. Hoffman. Four- 
teen preachers were present, and four absent — to- 
tal, eighteen members. Six circuits were embraced 
at this time. E. Vandemark, Z. Leatherwood, Wnu 



1830 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 229 

Shanefelt and Jeremiah Brown, were ordained. 
John Russel was elected Presiding Elder the ensuing 
year. The first Friday in August was set apart as 
a day of prayer and thanksgiving throughout the 
Conference. 

During the last year, there were eight traveling 
preachers in this Conference, and the highest sala- 
ary that any one received, was fifty-eight dollars ; 
the lowest was twelve dollars ! 

The Miami Conference met at Clearcreek, Meet- 
ing House, the second Tuesday in May, and the 
Indiana Conference held its first session at Corrydon, 
la., the last Tuesday of May. Unfortunately how- 
ever, we are not favored with the Minutes of either 
of these last named Conferences. 

Preachers. Stations. 

Pennsylvania Conference, 67 11 

Muskingum " 32 4 

Scioto " 18 6 

Miami " (last year,) 62 10 

Total 177 31 

Six Conferences were held in the year 1831. The 
Pennsylvania met in Cumberland county, Pa., on the 
19th of April. Henry Kumler presided — - assisted 
by E. Boring. Five applicants were received. 
Thirty-two preachers were present. E. Boring and 
Wm. Brown, were elected P. Elders. 

Muskingum Conference met in Mt. Pleasant Pa., 
on the 9th day of May. Bishop Kumler present. 
Alexander Biddle was received on probation. J, 



230 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1831 

Hildt, John Bash, Jacob Stambach and Adam Hets- 
ler, were elected Presiding Elders. Jacob Brill was 
ordained. 

Scioto Conference met at.Otterbein Church, Perry- 
county, Ohio, May 17th. Bishop Kumier presided, 
J. Russel elected assistant. Nine candidates receiv- 
ed on probation, J. Russel elected P. Elder. 

Miami Conference met in Germantown, Montgom- 
ery county, Ohio, on the 26th of May. Bishop 
Kumier presided, assisted by Jos. HoiFman. Four 
candidates received into the ministry ; and one or- 
dained. At this Conference, there appeared a ref- 
erence in relation to some trouble which existed 
concerning the meeting house in Germantown. 
The brethren there, as they have ever been else- 
where, were always willing to accommodate other 
denominations with the use of their Church house, 
when not occupied by themselves. Indeed, in some 
instances, preachers of other Churches have occu- 
pied our houses so long without any molestation, 
that they have claimed them as their right, and in 
some cases, have actually turned United Breth- 
ren out of their own houses on class-meeting and 
love-feast occasions. This same trouble had taken 
place at Germantown, and the matter was referred 
to Conference for adjustment. The Conference 
therefore resolved that other denominations should 
have the use of said house only when not occupied 
by the brethren; and that brethren appointments 
should always have the preference. 

The Virginia and Indiana Conferences both met 






1832 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 231 

this year, though we have not the minutes. We have 
been to much trouble to collect all the minutes of 
the different Conferences, but have failed in some 
instances. 

Six Annual Conferences were held in 1832. Pa. 
Conference met at H. Herr's, near Harrisburg, Pa., 
on the 17th day of April. Henry Kumler presiding 
Bishop, and ¥/m. Brown assistant. Thirty-four 
preachers were present ; six applicants received. 
E. Boring and Wm- Brown elected Presiding El- 
ders. 

Muskingum Conference met in 'Connotton, Har- 
rison county, Ohio, on the iOth day of May. Bish- 
op Kumler presided. Twenty -two preachers were 
in attendance ; and six applicants received. The 
policy of this Conference was materially changed 
this year. There was but one Presiding Elder elect- 
ed, to travel over all the work, and he became fully 
an itinerant man. A Hetsler was elected to that 
office. 

Scioto Conference met at Goe. Grauls, Fairfield 
county, Ohio, on the 21st day of May. Bishop 
Kumler presided, J. Russel elected to assist. Thir- 
ty preachers were present, and five received on pro- 
bation. J. Russel elected Presiding Elder. 

A heavy affliction befell this Conference, during 
the last year, in the death of Nathaniel Havens and 
James Kenney. Very extensive revivals had taken 
place under their labors — scores of persons had 
embraced religion through their instrumentality, but 
a year or two previous ; and now to be suddenly 



232 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1832 

and unexpectedly deprived of their labors, was a 
great trial to many. True, father Havens was 
pretty well on in years, and could not expect to live 
long, but brother Kenney was cut down at noon- 
day, while eminently useful. A writer speaks of 
James Kenney as follows: 

"^ In brother Kenney, were united clearness of in- 
tellect, quickness of perception and suavity of man- 
ners. I remember the last time he ascended the 
pulpit, when he raised his withered hands in prayer,, 
and turned his pale face towards the Majesty on high ^ 
it seemed as though his sainted spirit was stealing: 
away from his bosom, and ascending wrth his trem- 
bling breath, to the heavenly mansions above." He 
died February 15th, 1832 ; aged thirty- two years. 

The age of father Havens, or the precise time 
of his death, is unknown to the author ; yet the- 
effects of his labors,^are still on the earth. A son 
of his, John Havens, is a preacher in the Mo E.. 
Church. 

Miami Conference met at Miltonville, Butler 
county, Ohio, on the 29th day of May, Jos. Hoff- 
man was elected Bishop pro tern. Henry Kumler 
Bishop, being absent. Twenty-seven preachers 
Yfere present. J. Antrim and John Fetterhoff, were 
elected Presiding Elders. Of the Virginia and In- 
diana Conferences, we have no minutes. 

During this year, there was great excitement in 
the Church and the nation.. The Asiatic cholera 
spread over the land, spreading death and de- 
vastation all around. The consequence was, that 



1833 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 233 

many became alarmed in view of their future state, 
and flocked to the church for shelter, which concern 
unfortunately for them, only lasted while the plague 
continued. True, there were many honorable ex 
ceptions, yet a vast number were short-lived chris- 
tians. 

Six Annual, and one General Conference were 
held during the year 1833. 

Pennsylvania met in ^lillerstown, Lebanon coun- 
ty, Pa., on the 9th day of April. H. Kumler Bish- 
op, presided, and William Brown assisted. Twen- 
ty-nine preachers were present. Eight applicants 
received on probation. In the ^linutes of this Con- 
ference, we find the AYestmoreland cu-cuit m West- 
ern Pennsylvania, attached to Pemisylvania Con- 
ference, — hitherto it had belonged to the^Muskingum. 

The Muskingum Conference met in Tuscarawas 
county, Ohio, on the 2d of May. Bishop Kumler 
presided, assisted by John Hildt. Twenty -three 
preachers present. The 4th of July was appointed 
as a day of fasting and prayer. Two applicants 
v^ere received into the ministry. Adam Hetsler 
was elected P. Elder. 

Scioto Conference convened in Fairfield county,. 
Ohio, May 9th. Bishop Kumler presided, assisted 
byJ.Russel. Thirty preachers were present. Thir- 
teen received on probation, J. Russel elected Presid- 
ing Elder. 

On the 14th day of May, the General Conference 
met at Dresbach's Church, Pickaway county, Ohio> 



234 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1834 

For full particulars of this Conference, see part first, 
page 181. 

The Miami Conference met in Germantown, Mont- 
gomery county, Ohio, on the 28th day of May. 
Bishop Kumler and Brown * presided. Forty-six 
preachers present. Frederick Bonebrake and Hen- 
ry Kumkr jr., were elected Presiding Elders. Five 
applicants received. No minutes of the Virginia 
and Indiana Conferences. 

Seven Conferences met in 1834 to wit: Virginia, 
Pennsylvania, Muskingam, Scioto, Sandusky, Miami 
and Indiana. No Minutes of the Virginia. 

The Pennsylvania Conference met in Greencastle, 
Franklin county. Pa., on the 8th day of April: 
Bishop Brown presided, J. Erb elected chairman. 
Twenty-two members present ; seven applicants re- 
ceived; J. Erb, Jacob Niman and D. Runk, elected 
Presiding Eldere'* 

Muskingum Conference met at Connotton, Harri- 
son county, O.jMay 5th: Bishops Brown and Heis- 
tand presided. Fifteen members present — nine 
absent. J. Bash, H. Shambach and T. Chaney, 
were elected Presiding Elders. 

Scioto Conference met in Otterbein Chapel, Per- 
ry county Ohio, May 20th. Bishops Kumler and 
Hei stand presided. Twenty-six preachers present 
— seven applicants received: Wm. Hanby elected 
Presiding Elder. 

Miami Conference met in Bonebrake's Church, 

* H. Kumler, Wm. Brown and Samuel Heistand, elected Bishops 
at the late G. Conference. 



1834 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 235 

Preble county, Ohio, May 28th. Bishop Kumler 
presided, assisted by J. McNamer. 

Each preacher in charge was to act as Presiding 
Elder during the coming year, by resolution of this 
Conference. 

Of the Indiana and Sandusky Conferences, we 
have no Minutes for this year. 



236 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER lY. 



FROM DECEMBER 1834, TO JANUARY 1836. 



Printing Establishment — Eight Annual Conferences in 1835 — In- 
teresting revivals — A German work exclusively. 

For many years the brethren felt deeply the ne- 
cessity of having a Printing Establishment of their 
own, and of circulating a religious periodical among 
themselves and others. Many plans were talked of 
at different times, and as the Church advanced in 
numbers, and influence, the want of something of the 
kind, was the more deeply felt ; consequently, at the 
General Conference held in May, 1833, three Trus- 
tees were appointed to circulate subscriptions in the 
different Annual Conferences, one for the purpose 
of securing donations for buying a building, press 
materials, &c., necessary for starting a printing of- 
fice ; and the other to procure subscribers to a Peri- 
odical. Said Establishment to be located in Circle- 
ville, Ohio. George Dresbach, Jonathan Dresbach 
and John Russel, were appointed said Trustees. 

On the 12th of April, 1834, the Trustees bought 
at public sale, in the Towm of Circleville, a printing 
press, together with type, cases and other apparatus, 
for the sum of four hundred and fifty-five dollars ; 
and on the 30th day of May, same year, they bought 
a lot and two houses in Circleville of Z. R. Martin^ 



237 



1834 THE UNITED BEETHKEN IN CHRIST. 

Esq for which they paid five-hundred and fifty dol- 
lar« On the tenth of November following, they 
purchased two fonts of type, from William R. 
Rhinehart, for which they agreed to pay three hun- 
dred and twenty-five dollars; and on the 31st day 
of December, 1834, they issued the first number of a 
semi-monthly paper, at $1,50 per annum called 
"The Religious Telescope;" edited by William 
R. Rhinehart. Thus with a debt of about sixteen 
hundred dollars for purchasing, repairing and fitting 
up &c the Telescope commenced its career with 
1 197 subscribers, a number by no means sufficient 
to meet the expenses of those times of inexperience 
on the part of our people. But little was done by 
way of donation for the purchase of the concern. 
The subscription very light, and upon the credit sys- 
tem at that, the consequence was, that the office be- 
came deeply embarrassed. 

We will here anticipate the chronological course 
of our history a little, and trace out the workings of 
this enterprise, in brief detail for a few years. 

As remarked above, the first year there were 1,197 
subscribers on books. The second year the number 
was reduced to 856. The third 971; the fourth year 
1 175. The fifth and sixth years, about 1,150 each. 
The'seventh year, 1,450. By this time the liabilities 
had increased to about six thousand dollars ; and the 
fate of the Telescope was very doubtful. Encoura- 
ged by a few tried friends, the Trustees resolved to 
struggle on a little longer. 

In the spring of 1843, the number of subscribers 



238 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1835 

was swelled to 1,981, showing a net increase of 479, 
during the preceding year, with net proceeds above 
contingent expenses of $660,00. 

In May 1844, we have a report of 2,998 subscri- 
bers, a net increase of 1,017, with net proceeds of 
$1069,00. By this time hopes were largely enter- 
tained of the final success of the enterprise. 

The report of May 1845', shows a subscription 
list of 3,090 subscribers, and a net profit of $1206. 
This brings the history of the Telescope up to the 
General Conference of 1845, held in Circleville, at 
which time the writer declined serving any longer as 
Editor, and D. Edwards was duly elected to take 
charge of the Editorial department ; and as busi- 
ness was increasing, it was found necessary to elect 
a Publishing Agent, alsa; consequently J. Mark- 
wood of Virginia, was elected said Agent, and 
upon the resignation of whom, Nehemiah Altman 
was appointed to take his place. 

An important measure was also adopted at this 
Conference, i. e. all subscribers were required to 
pay in advance for their papers. This measure 
worked well. The next annual report shows a net 
profit above contingent expenses of about $1500,00. 
The following year, about the same amount of net 
proceeds. ThougJi the number of subscribers is not 
found in either of the reports of those years. 

In the general report of 1849, to the last General 
Conference, it appears that the liabilities of the es- 
tablishment had all been canceled, and the concern 
doing well. At the present time, April the 1st, 



1835 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 239 

1851, there are about 5,400 subscribers on the books. 

Having thus briefly traced the movements of the 
Telescope office from its commencement, until the 
present time, we shall now return to notice the pro- 
gress of the general v\^ork ia the regular order of 
time. 

In the year 1835^ there were eight Annual Con- 
ferences held, to wit: The Virginia, Pennsylvania, 
Muskingum, Sandusky^ Scioto, Miami ,J.ndiana and 
Wabash. 

The Virginia Conference convened near Mt. 
Jackson, Shenandoah county, Va., on the 18th of 
March, 1835 W. Brown Bishop, presided. Twen- 
ty-four preachers belonged at this date. No mem- 
bership given — seven circuits belonged to the work. 

The Pennsylvania Conference met same month at 
Shupp's meeting house, day of month not given. 
Bishop Brown presided at this Conference ; J. Erb 
chairman.. Eighty-three preachers belonged to this 
Conference at that date. J. Erb, J. Niman and J. 
Rider were elected Presiding Elders. Eleven cir- 
cuits. 

The Muskingum Conference held its session in 
Stark county, Ohio, April 6th. Bishop Samuel Heis- 
tand presided; John Hildt chairman. Twenty-two 
ministers belonged to this Conference. John Bash, 
Thomas Chaney, Henry Stambaugh and Adam 
Hetsler, were appointed to take an oversight as Pre- 
siding Elders. Four circuits at this time. 

Th« Sandusky Conference held its session in 
Crawford county, Ohio, commencing April 15thj 



240 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1835 

1835. Bishop Heistand presided, J. Baulus chair- 
man. There were twenty-five members at that 
time. Jeremiah Brown elected Presiding Elder. 
Five circuits. 

The Scioto Annual Conference held its session at 
the Dresbach meeting house, Pickaway county O., 
commencing the 5th day of May. Bishops Kumler 
and Heistand presided. Forty-three members be- 
longed at that date. Wm. Hanby was elected P. E. 
Eleven circuits and missions. 

The Miami Conference commenced its session the 
15th day of May, in Germantown, Ohio. Bishop 
Kumler Sen., presided. Forty-two preachers be- 
longed at that date. John FetterhofF was elected 
Presiding Elder. The work consisted of four cir- 
cuits only. 

The Indiana Conference held its session in Corry- 
don, Harrison county, la., commencing the 1st day 
of September. There were no Bishops at this Con-^ 
ference. Forty-one preachers belonged. Eight 
circuits. 

The Wabash Conference held its first session at 
Rawling's meeting house, Park county, la., com- 
mencing September the 15th. Bishop Brown pre- 
sided, Wm. Davis chairman. Thirteen preachers 
belonged to the new work. Six circuits were embra- 
ced at its organization, one of which was located in 
the State of Illinois, called Mackinaw circuit. J. 
T. Timmons was appointed to this circuit, and J. 
Denham to preside. Five circuits were embraced 



1835 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 241 

m the Wabash district, and Wm. Davis elected Pre- 
siding Elder. 

From. all we can learn, this Conference was set 
off from the Indiana Annual Conference at its ses- 
sion the year previous, by mutual consent, their be- 
ing no discipline at that time, to prevent a mutual 
separation, and as the work was spreading very 
rapidly towards the west, the measure w^as doubtless 
adopted in wisdom. W. Brown and John Denham, 
w^ith several other brethren, had moved to, the then. 
Western frontier of Brethrenism. 

Preachers. Circ u its . 

Virginia Conference, ... .. — 24 7 

Pennsylvania " 83 11 

Muskingum " . 22 4 

Sandusky " 25 5 

Scioto " . . . .43 11 

Miami " 42 4 

Indiana " 41 8 

Wabash " . . 13 6 

Total 293 56 

Unfortunately for the reader, we had no enumera- 
tion of our members ^t t^at day. For reasons sat- 
isfactory to them, they were opposed to numbering 
Israel. 

During this year, there were some interesting re- 
vivals of relig"on in various portions of the Church. 
In the vicinity of Lower Sandusky, Ohio, a great 
work broke out. Jacob Baulus, one among the 
first pioneers of Brethrenism of the North West, 

17 



242 HISTORY OF TFIE CHURCH OF 1835 

in adverting to the occasion, makes the following 
remarks : 

" Five different denominations united on the occa- 
sion, laying aside the badges of party distinction — 
giving no room to prejudice, but confidently with 
one accord appearing before the shrine of mercy. 
The ministers arose in the strength of Him — in 
whose stead they sounded the trumpet of alarm 
from the walls of Zion ; the banner of divine com- 
passion soon waving over the waiting assembly ; 
accents of peace were felt to roll from the sky." 

In Eastern Pennsylvania, there were many gra- 
cious out-pourings of the Holy Spirit. One instance 
is given in the following language: 

" An acquaintance of mine by the name of Abra- 
ham Herr, in Lancaster county, became a subject of 
God's renewing grace. Being a man of considerable 
wealth, having several large farms to cultivate, and 
a distillery on an extensive scale in operation ; and 
seeing the sin connected with the distillation and 
traffic of the poison, he set about the good work of 
converting his still-house into a house of worship. 
Near the spot w^herethe kettles stood, he has a pul- 
pit erected, in which the word of life is declared to 
many who attend the meetings." h. h. 

In the Muskingum Conference there has been a 
good work. A brother says, that the circuit which 
he travels, has become so extensive, that he feel's 
himself unable to attend as he should, every part of 
the work. 

W. B. speaking of the Wabash Conference, says: 



1835 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 243 

" The small Conference held in Indiana, affords 
pleasing intelligence, that rapid accessions are mak- 
ing to the number of those who have been made 
free unto salvation," 

Bro. B. says, he is the oldest minister, or rather 
the oldest man in the Conference, and that it proved 
to be one of the best he ever attended. There was 
also a good work in western Virginia, this year. 

At this time, and indeed for a number of years 
back, there was but little German itinerant preach- 
ing in the Brethren Church, except in Penn- 
sylvania. True, there were a few preachers in the 
itinerant ranks, who could preach both German and 
English; but as most of their congregations consis- 
ted of a large majority of English hearers, they were 
ruled by that majority to the great neglect of the 
minority. There were also a few, and very few old 
German ministers in the West, who could not speak 
the English language at all. These men could not 
be useful as itinerants, because of the mixed 
condition of the societies ; and very unfortunately 
for the prosperity of the Church, the idea was hard- 
ly conceived, of getting up separate organizations 
of German circuits as well as English This course 
would have saved, and perpetuated the German in- 
terests. 

During this year, the writer, while traveling in the 
southern portion of Ohio, attending his quarterly- 
meeting appointments, put up with father Slaugh- 
ter. In tke course of the evening, the old gentle- 
man wished to know if we had any German prea^hr 



244 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1835 

ers in our Church, informing me at the same time, 
that a large number of Germans from the old coun • 
try, had settled near him, and some of them appear- 
ed to be quite religious, but were destitute of preach- 
ing. I informed him that we had some German 
preachers, and that I would bring, one along my next 
round. Accordingly in three months, Dewalt Mech- 
lin and myself, accompanied by father Slaughter, 
went to the German settlement. Bro. Mechlin intro- 
duced himself and us — neither of us being able to 
speak or understand the German. The object 
of his visit was made known, and we all met with 
a cordial reception. Brother Mechlin preached for 
them several times, with much interest, and left ap- 
pointments for a second visit; which he accordingly 
made, in company with Lewis Cramer, another of 
the German fathers of the Church. They preached 
with much success ; and a class of German emi- 
grants exclusively, was formed. Here then, from 
the necessity of the case, efforts in the German lan- 
guage alone, was from time to time made to promote 
piety — the people being able to understand scarcely 
a word of English. This class became the nucleus, 
around which others were formed of German emi- 
grants, also ; Finally, a. Germian mission was formed, 
which resulted in the formation of a good circuit ; 
and hence the beginning of a German work, in a 
separate sphere of action, of which more will be 
said in its proper place. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 245 



CHAPTER V. 



FROM JANUARY 1836, TO JANUARY 183a 



Eight Conferences in 1836 — Interesting revivals east and west — A 
mission to Canada — Death of Benedum and others — Annual Con- 
ferences of 1837 — General Conference of same year — Election 
of Bishops — Conversion of a Jew. 

Eight Conferences were held this year, the same 
as last. 

The Pennsylvania Conference commenced its 
session March 8th. Bishop Heistand presided, J. 
Erb, chairman. Eighty-seven members belonged 
to this Conference. Twelve charges — a mission 
in Canada added. J. Light, S. Huber, J Winters, 
and H. Ow, elected Presiding Elders. Jacob Erb 
sent to Canada. P. Harmon returned to Baltimore. 
Five preachers were received on trial this year. 

The Virginia Conference convened March the 
19th. Bishop Heistand presided. H. Burtner chair- 
man. Twenty-six members — eight charges — Jack- 
son mission added. Brs. J. J. Glossbrenner and 
Jacob Rhinehart, Presiding Elders. Moses Michael 
received on trial, and sent to Jackson mission. 

Muskingum Conference convened April 12th. 
Bishop Heistand presided, J. Hildtto assist. Twen- 
ty-four members of Conference. Four received on 
trial. A. Hetsler Presiding Elder. 



246 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1836 

Sandusky Conference met April 26th. Thirty 
members — six circuits — one added. Four preach- 
ers received on trial. Jacob Baulus elected Presiding 
Elder. 

Scioto Conference met May 10th. Brs. S. Heis- 
tand and H. Kumler Sen., Bishops, were both pres- 
ent. Fifty -four members — eleven charges. Four 
preachers received on trial. John Coons and Wm, 
Hanby elected Presiding Elders. 

Miami Conference met May 24th. Bishop Kum- 
ler Sen., presided. Jos. Hoffman assisted. Forty- 
six members — four circuits. Henry Kumler Jr., 
Presiding Elder. Two received on trial. 

Indiana Conference metinAbington, la., Septem- 
ber 6th. Bishops Kumler and Heistand were both 
present. Thii'ty-five members of Conference repor- 
ted — seven circuits. F. White om, T. L. Garrigus 
and J. Lopp elected Elders. 

Wabash Conference met at Bro. Hoobler's, date 
not given. Bishops Kumler, Heistand and Brown^ 
all present. Twenty-one members reported — five 
circuits. Josiah Davis and John Ploobler elected 
Presiding Elders. 

During this Conference year, there were some in- 
teresting revivals of religion, especially in the West. 
E. C. Wright writes as follows: 

" Many have declared that they were tired of sin, 
and the service of the devil ; and numbers have 
witnessed a good profession before many witnesses ; 
and have separated themselves from the world, by 



1836 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 247 

giving their names to the Church, and we trust, 
their hearts to God." 

Bro. E. Vandemark of Pickaway circuit, Ohio, 
speaks of a good work near Lancaster, where ma- 
ny found redemption. 

On Burlington circuit, in Southern Ohio, about 
one hundred and fifty members were added to the 
Church, under the labors of P. Brock. 

Jacob Baulus, Presiding Elder of the Sandusky 
Conference, after speaking of the camp-meetings 
held in his district, and of the gracious results fol- 
lowing, says: 

" Fifteen years ago, 1 was the only preacher with- 
in the bounds of this Conference district ; now there 
are about thirty preachers. I know the time," he 
adds, " when there were but few of us. The first 
circuit that was formed in the Church, it took Broth- 
er Newcomer and myself, eight days only to go 
round. Now there are eight Conferences, and how 
many hundred preachers, I cannot tell. My elder 
brethren are gone, and I shall soon be with them — 
Farewell."* 

By reference to the Minutes of the Pennsylvania 
Conference of this year, it will be seen, that J. Erb 
was sent as a missionary to Canada. He went and 
labored during the year, with some success — formed 
a few small societies ; but for causes unknown 
to the writer, the work was abandoned the following 

*While preparing the above pages for the press, this good man set 
sail for the land of glory, in the 84th year of his age. Fifty-six years 
in the ministry. He died April 50th, 1851. A truthful '-'Farewell.'' 



248 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1837 

year. No effort has been made in that country by 
the Brethren, since. 

January 1837. During this year, several minis- 
ters departed this life. Eight Annual and one Gen- 
eral Conference were held. 

George Benedum was the first of the preachers 
who died. From an Editorial of the Religious 
Telescope, under date of April 6th, we extract the 
following notice, . 

" Departed this life at his residence in Fairfield 
county Ohio, March 31st, 1837, George Benedum, 
in the 72d year of his age. His funeral services 
were attended to by L. Cramer and Wm. Hanby. 

" The deceased was for 43 years, an esteemed 
minister in the Brethren Church ; during which time 
he was a. faithful soldier of the cross. His exit was 
glorious and happy. He shone like a light in a 
high place, that burns out and expires; but our pleas- 
ing prospects are not all at an end, for he was cut 
down like a tree that had yielded much fruit, and 
was ladened with blossoms when it fell." 

Father Benedum was a member of the Scioto 
Conference, 

Peter Whitezel of the Virginia Conference, depar- 
ted this life, February 22d, in the 32d year of his 
age. He traveled four years a faithful minister 
of Christ.. He died in great peace, leaving a young 
and affectionate family, to mourn over their sad 
loss. 

The Pennsylvania Conference met March 6th. 
Bishop Heistand presided. Ninety preachers be- 



1837 THE UNITED BRETHREN TN CHRIST. 249 

longing — twelve charges — seven candidates ad- 
mitted on trial. J. Light, J. Schnider, S. Hoover, J. 
Reeder and H. Ow, elected Presiding Elder, P. Har- 
man returned to Baltimore. 

Virginia Conference met March 20th. S. Heis- 
tand Bishop, H. Burtner chairman. Eight charges. 
Jacob Rhinehart and J. Glossbrenner, Presiding El- 
ders. 

Muskingum Conference met April 5th. S. Heis- 
tand Presided. Twenty-six preachers reported — 
two charges added. Canton circuit and Ohio mis- 
sion. A. Hetsler Presiding Elder. 

Sandusky Conference met April 11th. S. Heist- 
and Presided, J. Baulus to assist. Thirty-three mem- 
bers of Conference, J. Dorcas Presiding Elder. 

Scioto Conference met April 21st. S. Heistand 
presided, assisted by Wm. Ambrose. Fifty-seven 
ministers belonging — eleven circuits — one Ger- 
man mission added. J. Russel and J. Coons, 
Presiding Elders, and J. DeWitt, assistant Presiding 
Elder. 

Miami Conference met at Miltonville, May 2d. 
Henry Kumler Sen., and S. Heistand, Bishops, were 
both present. Five applicants for license to preach. 
H. Kumler Jr., elected Presiding Elder. 

Wabash Conference met September 14th. Bishop 
Kumler presided, J. Hoobler assisted. Rockville 
mission added. Two applicants received. 

Indiana Conference met in Decatur county, la., 
September 24th. H. Kumler Sen., Bishop, M. Bot- 
tenburg to assist. 



250 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1837 

On the 9tli day of May, (1837,) the General Con- 
ference convened in Germantown, Montgomery 
county, Ohio. An interesting address was delivered 
by Bishop Heistand, in which he gave a pretty gen- 
eral detail of his labors during the preceding four 
years. The members were next called and exami- 
ned, as to the legality of their elections, and found 
to stand as follows: 

Henry Kumler Sen., Samuel Heistand, Bishops. 

Pennsylvania Conference — Jacob Erb, Jacob Win- 
ters. 

Virginia Conference — Jacob Rhinehart, J. J, 
Glossbrenner. 

Muskingum Conference — Adam Hetsler, David 
Weimer. 

Sandusky Conference — John Dorcas, Geo. Hiskey , 

Scioto Conference — John Coons, Wm. Hanby. 

Miami Conference — J. FetterhofF, Wm. Stubbs.. 

Indiana Conference — F. Whitcom, John Lopp. 

Wabash Conference — F. Kenoyer, Wm. Davis. 

Wm. Rhinehart elected Secretary. 

At this Conference, a general wish was expressed 
by the members, that a constitution be adopted, by 
which the general principles of Church government 
might be thrown in some tangible form. It was not 
intended that any new principle of Church govern- 
ment was to be incorporated, nor yet to reject any 
already embraced in the general rules of discipline, 
but rather to gather up and embrace in one general 
instrument, the fundamental principles upon which 
the government of the Church rests. 



1837 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 251 

First; By defining the duties and specific powers 
of the legislative and judicial bodies of the Church, 
and 

Secondly; By setting limits to those powers, and 
at the same time securing to all their just rights as 
members of the house hold of faith. 

Accordingly a constitution was drawn up, and 
published to the Church, as a kind of conventional 
constitution, affording the church members an oppor- 
tunity to instruct their delegates at the next Gene- 
ral Conference, to adopt it, with or without amend- 
ments, or reject it altogether. 

The quadrennial report of the Benevolent Soci- 
ety of Maryland, was made and adopted. Amount 
of interest for distribution, was $ 168,95. The 
amount for distribution reported by the Benevolent 
Society of Ohio, was $ 100,00. 

A constitution for the printing establishment was 
also adopted, and will be found in our book of disci- 
pline. 

John Russel, George Dresbach and Jonathan 
Dresbach, were re-elected Trustees of the Printing 
Establishment. 

Wm. R. Rhinehart was employed as Editor of the 
Religious Telescope, for the ensuing four years, and 
Wm. Hanby was appointed general book agent and 
treasurer, until the next General Conference. 

All traveling preachers in regular standing in the 
Brethren Church, were to have the Telescope gratis. 

The Conference next proceeded to elect three 
Bishops for the next four years, which resulted in th e 



252 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1837 

election of Samuel Heistand, Henry Kumler Sen., 
and Jacob Erb. W. R. Rhinehart and Wm. Hanby 
were appointed to prepare the revised discipline for 
the press. J. Russel was appointed to translate the 
discipline into the German. 

The Conference next agreed that the number of 
Delegates sent to next General Conference, from 
the different Annual Conferences, should be as fol- 
lows, to wit; 



Pennsylvania, 4 

Virginia, 2 

Scioto, 4 

Miami, 3 



Wabash, 2 

Indiana, 3 

Muskingum, 2 

Sandusky, 2 



The next General Conference was appointed at 
Dresbach's Church, Pickaway county, Ohio, to com- 
mence on the second Monday in May, 1841. 

A note of thanks to the good people of German- 
town, was passed, and Conference adjourned after 
several days of peaceable session. 

During this year, God poured out his spirit gra- 
ciously in many portions of the work. Bro. J. Rit- 
ter, writing from Eastern Pennsylvania, says: 

" Our third protracted meeting was held at Green- 
castle. The altar was crowded with mourners, and 
many were emancipated from sin. Upwards of six- 
ty have united with the Church since Conference." 

Bro J. Ressler speaks of a good work on the Ju- 
niatta circuit, Pa. 

Bro. E. Vandemark of Winchester circuit, Ohio, 
speaks of a work as follows: 

" Christian professors have been renewed — back- 
sliders reclaimed, and sinners converted. Within 



1837 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 253 

the short space of seven weeks, sixty persons have 
united with the Church; and we trust God has en- 
rolled their names in the book of life.*' 

The following from the pen of H. Kumler Jr., 
will be of interest to the reader: 

" Through the course of last summer, a Jew of 
the tribe of Levi, by the name of Nehemiah Altman, 
who is to some extent skilled in the German and 
Hebrew Scriptures, became acquainted with the 
Brethren Church. He frequently contended with 
all the strength of Jewish prejudices, that the Mes- 
siah had not yet come ; his eyes however, by degrees 
were opened, so that he saw he was not right. He 
gave the New Testament a candid investigation, and 
came to the conclusion from different prophecies^ 
that the Messiah had come. At a quarterly-meet- 
ing near Lewisbarg, Ohio, October 30th, 1837, he 
arose in love-feast, and publicly declared that he 
could reject the Saviour no longer — that he would 
own him as his Saviour and Lord ; and through Je- 
sus he expected to be saved. Oh ! how it made our 
hearts rejoioe." 



254 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER VL 



FROM JANUARY 1838, TO JANUARY 1840. 



Conferences of 1838 — Slavery discussion in the Telescope — Home 
Missionary Societies — Death of Bishop Heistand, and Dewalt Mech- 
lin — Interesting revivals — Church organized in Circleville — Con- 
ferences of 1839 — Death of Andrew Zeller, and others — Charter 
for Printing Establishment. 

Eight Annual Conferences were held this year, 
(1838.) 

The Pennsylvania met in Wormlisburg, Cumber- 
land county, Pa., March 5th. Bishops Heistand 
and Erb presided. Ninety-eight preachers reported 
as members of Conference — nine received on pro- 
bation — one mission added — Wheeling mission. 

At the close of the session, the following ques- 
tions and answers were annexed. 

QuES. Where and when shall our next Conference 
be held ? 

Ans. At Lebanon, Pa., on the second Monday in 
March, 1839. 

QuES. Where and when shall the Allegheny Con- 
ference be held ? 

Ans. At Mt. Pleasant, Westmoreland county, Pa, 
on the last monday in March, 1839. 

Here then, we have the first announcement of an 
Allegheny Conference. Prior to this time, all the 
preachers scattered through Western Pennsylvania, 



1S3S THE L'>Tr£D BRETHREN !>' CHRJST. 255 

belonged to the Pennsylvania Conference. The 
opinion of some of our brethren is. that the Alleghe- 
ny Conference was set off at the General Conference 
of 1S37. But in the Minutes of that Conference. 
there appears not the slightest intimation of said 
Conference being set off — indirect testimony bears 
the other way. 

By a resolution of the last General Conference, 
the number of delegates for each Conference, accor- 
ding to their strength, was fixed for the succeeding 
General Conference. The eight Conferences then 
represented, were all named * and the number for 
each given, but not a word about the Allegheny 
Conference. One year after the General Confer- 
ence, the preachers all met together in regular Con- 
ference ; consequently we conclude that the Penn- 
sylvania Conference set off the Allegheny, by 
mutual consent of its members, there being at that 
time, no discipline forbidding such a course This 
course appears to have been adopted by the Indi- 
ana Conference in setting off the Wabash in 1834t 

Virginia Conference met March 21st. Bishop 
Heistand presided. Twentv'-five preachers reported. 
Three candidates for the ministry received. Wm. 
R. Coursey and Jacob Bechtel. Presiding Elders. 

Muskingum Annual Conference met April 16th, 
Jacob Erb Bishop, presided. Thirty-six preachers 
reported — seven candidates for the ministry receiv- 

* See proceedings of General Conference, page 252. 
f See page 241. 



256 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1838 

ed — two charges added, Warren circuit and Mohe- 
gan mission. A. Biddle Presiding Elder. 

At this Conference, a Missionary Society was 
formed, for the purpose of more effectually extend- 
ing the work within the bounds of said Conference. 
A constitution was adopted, and suitable officers 
appointed. 

Sandusky Conference com^nenced its session April 
25th. Jacob Erb presided, J. Baulus assisted. 
Thirty-six preachers reported — Michigan mission 
added. 

Scioto Annual Conference met at Winchester, 
Fairfield county, Ohio, May 8th. Bishop Kumler, 
Heistand and Erb, all present. Fifty-nine minis- 
ters reported. 

At this Conference, seven individuals entered the 
ministry on probation — six were consecrated to 
the work, by the imposition of hands. 

For many years the want of some efficient plan 
by which to extend the word of life, to destitute 
portions of this Conference district, was very 
deeply felt ; consequently at this session, a Home 
Missionary Society was formed, for the purpose of 
raising funds for that object. A constitution was 
adopted, and officers appointed. 

During the past year, there was a great excite- 
ment on the subject of American Slavery ; and 
that excitement of course, found its way into 
the columns of the " Religious Telescope." On 
the 8th of November, E.. P. Lovejoy, of Alton, 
Illinois, was shot down for being an abolitionist ; 



1838 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 257 

and this circumstance with other things, had caused 
a general excitement. Many of the readers of the 
Telescope were opposed to the course it had taken on 
this subject, and thought that discussion on the sub- 
ject of Slavery should be left out of the paper. The 
Telescope being under the control of the Scioto 
Annual Conference, in the intervals of General Con- 
ference, the subject was brought up and the follow- 
ing resolutions passed. 

" 1st. Resolved, That we regard with painful abhorrence, any at- 
tempt to justify Slavery from the Bible, thereby making it a divine in- 
stitution, and consequently God the Author of robbery and blood-shed; 
and that we believe the Christian Church, while it neglects the bond- 
man of this land, opposes its own interest and morals, 

2d. Resohed, Therefore, in view of the Bible, Religion and our Dis- 
cipline — that the columns of the Religious Telescope, be, and remain 
open for the discussion of Slavery, as well as Intemperance, Sabbath- 
breaking and every other evil of the land. 

3d. Resolved, That all persons writing for the Religious Telescope, 
either on moral or religious subjects, be, and are hereby instructed to 
guard against making use of hard expressions, in contradicting each 
other's assertions; but to manifest a Christian like spirit in their com- 
munications-; which is more consistent with the character of our 
Church, as ' United Brethren in Christ.'" 

Miami Conference convened May 22d. H. Kum- 
ler Sen., presided, assisted by J. Hoffman. Fifty 
ministers reported — nine circuits and missions. 
Five ministers received on probation — seven set 
apart to Elders orders. F. Whitcom was elected 
Presiding Elder * 

Indiana Conference convened in Corrydon, la., 
August 29th. H. Kumler Sen., presided, Thirty- 

* This Conference also, organized a Home Missionary Society. 

18 



258 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1838 

seven preachers reported — eight applicants receiv- 
ed — three ordained. Aaron Farmer and John 
Lopp elected Presiding Elders, 

Wabash Conference convened September 11th. 
Bishop Kumler Sen., presided, J. Hoobler assistant. 
Twenty-seven preachers reported — three received 
on transfer from other Conferences, and two received 
on probation. 

This year brings our history down to the demise 
of two of our aged and honored ministers, Dewalt 
Mechlin and Samuel Heistand Bishop. 

Father Mechlin departed this life July 30th, at the 
going down of the sun. He had been assisting his 
children through the course of the day, in making 
hay. He ate breakfast, dinner and supper, in usual 
health. After supper he went to his meadow for 
the last time. While in the act of raking, he fell 
as the mown grass before the scythe, and immedi- 
ately expired without a moments warning. He was 
about sixty years old when he died — embraced re- 
ligion about twenty-eight years prior to his death. 
Soon after his conversion, he commenced exhorting 
his fellow mortals, to prepare to meet God. He 
stood as a faithful minister of the Church for many 
years. His peculiar gift was exhortation — scarce- 
ly ever did he take a texit. We have often heard 
him say, that if he had any gift, it was in exhorta- 
tion. It is due to the memory of this good man, to 
say that he was under God, a great blessing to the 
Church — having labored and traveled much, with- 
out any pecuniary reward whatever. The Lord had 



1838 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 259 

blessed him with a reasonable share of this world's 
goods ; consequently he felt like giving the Church 
his labors free of charge. 

Next in the order of time, was Samuel Heist and, 
much beloved and lamented by all his acquaintances; 
departed this life October the 9th, in the fifty-sev- 
enth year of his age. Near six years prior to his 
death, he was elected Bishop, and remained in that 
relation until death. 

He moved from Virginia to Fairfield county, Ohio, 
in the 23d year of his age, and was married four 
years afterwards, to Margaret Raudebaugh — em- 
braced religion about thirty-two years prior to his 
death — was a minister in the Church twenty years. 
Bishop Heistand was a man of deep piety, a faith- 
ful and efficient expounder of the Holy Scriptures ; 
by no means an orator, but a very close and practi- 
cal reasoner. No man could be in his company, 
without feeling that in him were sweetly blended 
the true characteristics of a friend, a christian and 
a divine. 

During the year 1838, there were some interesting 
revivals in the Church, both East and West. Bro. 
George Bonebrake of the Miami Conference, in 
speaking of a camp-meeting, says: 

" Mourners poured forward to the anxious bench- 
es, it was supposed, to the number of one hundred 
or more ; and it appeared as fast as the Lord 
healed the broken-hearted, the arrows of conviction 
fastened on others. Seventy-three joined Church. 
During the meeting, a conversation among the wick- 



260 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1838 

ed, was overheard by one of the Brethren. While 
all were astonished at the work, one of the number 
proposed to the company, that they would go up 
to the altar, and see what was going on ; another 
observed that they had better stay away; for says he, 
* the preachers were so well skilled in their business 
that their voice had an electrifying influence, and if 
people got near them,- they would be so shocked, 
that they would be sure to fall,' so they all agreed 
to stay away." 

Brother Goodrich from Preble county, O., writes: 

" The walls whichvvere broken down, have been 
repaired, and the work of reformation is going on 
gloriously. There were one hundred and eighty 
members on this circuit, when this Conference year 
commenced, and seventy-nine have since been add- 
ed — fifty-four of whom, joined at camp-meeting. 
Surely the set time to favor Zionis come." 

In Indiana there were many good revivals. In 
Abington, a good work broke out. Some thirty 
added to the church. At a camp-meeting in Wayn« 
county, between fifty and seventy-five canversions, 
and fifty accessions. On Flat Rock circuit, there 
were rising two hundred accessions. During this 
year, the work was pretty general in la. In West- 
ern Pennsylvania^ under the labors of Jacob Ritter, 
there were interesting revivals of religion, and much 
opposition to contend with; especially were many, 
even of the members, opposed to class meetings and 
the mourner's bench. 

With the close of this year, commenced the great 



1839 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 261 

revival in Circleville, which resulted in the organi- 
zation of a Brethren Church, of about one hundred 
members. We have never, on any occasion, wit- 
nessed greater displays of divine power. Sinners 
were found on the streets, inquiring with anxious 
solicitude, for the United Brethren prayer-meetings, 
and perhaps as soon as they would enter the enclo- 
sure of a meeting, would fall upon their Imees, and 
beg for an interest in the prayers of God's people. 

1839. This year, nine Annual Conferences were 
held. 

The Virginia met February 25th. Bishop Erb 
presided. W. R. Coursey and Jacob Bechtel, elec- 
ted Presiding Elders. 

The Pennsylvania held its session in Lebanon 
county Pa., March 11th. Bishop Erb presided. 

Allegheny commenced its first session at Mount 
Pleasant, Westmoreland county Pa. Bishop Erb 
presided. Twenty-nine preachers belonged to this 
new Conference — four applicants also, were receiv- 
ed — in all, thirty-three. Five circuits embraced at 
this time. J. R. Sitraan elected Presiding Elder. 

Muskingum met at Union Meeting House, Harri- 
son county, Ohio, April 2d. J. Erb presided, A. 
Biddle chairman . A. Biddle elected Presiding El- 
der. 

Sandusky met April 11th. J. Erb Bishop, presi- 
ded, J. Baulus chairman. M. Long, J. Braver, 
A. Spracklin and Jacob Newman, wero ordained by 
the imposition of hands. 

Scioto met at Pleasant Run Meeting Hv£use,,Eair- 



26^ HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1839 

field county, Ohio, April 23d. Bishops Kumler and 
Erb presided. Nine applicants were received into 
the ministry — four ordained . E. Vandemark and 
.John De Witt Presiding Elders. 

At this Conference, the writer was appointed 
Editor of the Religious Telescope, in place of Wm. 
R . Rhinehart, resigned . 

The deaths of Bishop Heistand and Dewalt 
Mechlin, were announced, and entered upon the 
Conference Journal, with very deep emotions by all 
present. Wm. Leist was appointed Trustee of Tel- 
escope Office, in place of John Coons, resigned. 

Miami convened at Germantown, Ohio, May 21st. 
H. Kumler Bishop, and J. Hoffman chairman. 

On the 4th day of the session of this Conference, 
Andrew Zeller, an aged minister of the Church, de- 
parted this life in Germantown, about 10 o'clock A. 
M., while Conference was in session. He died in 
great peace, in the 84th year of his age. He was 
an aged and honored minister of the Brethren 
Church ; one among the early fathers — ■ was elected 
Bishop in 1815, when our discipline was first form- 
ed ; and continued in that relation, until the Gene- 
ral Conference of 1821, a term of six years. 

Six brethren were received into the ministry at 
this Conference, and three ordained. 

Indiana convened in Franklin county, la., August 
27th. H. Kumler Sen. Bishop, M. Eottenburg 
chairman. Six brethren were received into the 
ministry, and four ordained. 

Wabash convened at the house of Bro. Wm. 



1839 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 263 

Bakers, la. , on the 5th day of September. Bishop 
Kumler Sen., presided, F. Kenoyer chairman. 
Five ministers received on probation — ■ three re- 
ceived by transfer from other Conferences. 

Several other ministers were called home during 
the last Conference year. In addition to the one 
already named, were Michael Cover, George Hoff- 
man and R. Duncan of the Miami Conference, and 
A. Farmer of Indiana Conference, the latter well 
known as an efficient pioneer of the West ; and the 
former loved and esteemed by their brethren of the 
Miami Conference . 

There were also many interesting revivals during 
this year, but the length of the present chapter, pre- 
cludes a detailed account of them. 

A charter was obtained under date of March 
16th, 1839, for "the Conference Printing Estab- 
lishment of the United Brethren in Christ," at 
Circleville, Ohio, with succession for thirty years. 



264 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER VII. 



FROM JANUARY 1840, TO JANUARY 1842. 



Conferences of 1840 — Great revivals — Death of Brs. Key, Frey 
and Light — Conferences of 1841 — GeneraljConference — Salary 
of preachers raised — Foreign Missionary Society ™ Revivals. 

Nine Annual Conferences convened this year. 

The first in the order of time, was the Virginia^ 
which convened on the 2d day of February, 1840. 
Bishop Erb presided, George Patterson chairman. 
Twenty-eight preachers reported — nine circuits 
and missions. Wm. R. Coursey and Jacob Bech- 
tel Presiding Elders . 

Pennsylvania met in Baltimore, Md., on the 4th 
of February. Bishop Erb presided, John Russel , 
chairman. Sixty preachers were reported as mem- 
bers of Conference — nine circuits. J. Light and 
John Fohl elected Presiding Elders. John Russel 
stationed in Baltimore. 

Allegheny convened February 24th . Bishop Erb 
presided, H. Ow, assisted. Thirty-one members of 
Conference reported — eight charges. Geo. Miller 
Presiding Elder . 

Muskingum met at Crooked Run, on the 4th day 
of March. Bishop Erb presided, A. Hetsler assis- 
tant. Forty-one preachers reported — eight cir- 



1840 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 265 

cuits — four received on probation, and five were 
ordained by the imposition of hands. 

Sandusky met March 1 1th . Bishop Erb presided, 
J. Baulus assisted. Twenty-six members reported, 
and seven circuits . H. G. Sp ay th. Presiding El- 
der. 

Scioto met in Bethel Church, Fairfield county, O., 
March 16th. Bishop Erb and Kumler Sen., pres- 
ent. Sixty-five ministers reported — fifteen char- 
ges — eleven applicants were received — four or- 
dained. E. Vandemark elected Presiding Elder. 

Miami met in Butler county, Ohio, April 21st. 
Bishop Kumler Sen., presided, Jos. Hoffman assis- 
tant. Fifty-four ministers reported — twelve char- 
ges. Jos. Hoffman and H. Kumler Jr., elected 
Presiding Elders. E. Hoff*man, J. H. Kemp, An- 
di'ew Hetsler and Samuel Herren, were ordained. 

Indiana met at Corrydon,Ia., the first Friday in 
May. From some cause, none of the Bishops 
reached this Conference. M. Bottenburg w^as cho- 
sen Bishop pro tern, and H. Bonebrake assistant. 
Forty-four ministers reported — ten circuits . Wm . 
Steward and J. Mc Allen elected Presiding Elders . 

Wabash met at John Fetterhoff^'s, in la., June 3d. 
No Bishop attending, J. Fetterhoff* and Wm. Davis 
elected chairmen. Thirty-eight ministers, — and 
twelve circuits and missions reported. Josiah 
Davis and Wm. Davis, (brothers,) were elected Pre- 
siding Elders . 



266 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1840 

Conferences. Preachers. Circuits. 

Pennsylvania, 60 9 

Virginia, 28 9 

Allegheny, 31 8 

Muskingum, 41 8 

Sandusky, 26 7 

Scioto, 65 15 

Miami, 54 12 

Indiana, 44 10 

Wabash, 38 12 

Total for 1840, 387 90 

Total for 1835, 293 56 

Increase in 5 years, 94 34 

During this year, there were many interesting 
revivals of religion in various portions of the work. 

In the fall of 1839, a work commenced in Lewis- 
burg, Ohio, and continued some months. Francis 
Whitcom, in speaking of the revival, says: 

" Our altar was crowded with mourners, and ma- 
ny were converted. Some were converted also, at 
their homes, some in the woods, and in almost every 
direction, the cries of the distressed were heard. 
Seventy have been received into the Church, and the 
work is still going on." 

In the city of Baltimore, during the session of 
Conference in February, a very interesting work of 
grace was in progress. From twenty to thirty per- 
sons were forward each evening for prayers — fifty 
united with the Church. 



1840 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 267 

On Wills Creek circuit, Muskingum Conference, 
Ohio, a great work broke out. James McGavv speak 
ing of this work, says: 

" The meeting continued eight days, during which 
time eighty souls were happily converted to God. 
Seventy of this number joined Church." 

In the vicinity of Boonsboro, Md., there was a 
very interesting revival. The ministers were cloth- 
ed with a power, surely not their own. Bro. G. A, 
Shuey, in speaking of this work, says: 

" A number were brought to yield to the heavenly 
influences of the Spirit of God. Fifty-seven joined 
Church during this meeting." 

In Virginia, there were seasons of great grace. 
Brother D . S . Spessard, in speaking of a camp- 
meeting held in that State, says: 

" God was in the camp day and night, from the 
commencement to the close of the meeting. We 
had the pleasure of seeing sinners awakened, mour- 
ners converted, backsliders reclaimed, and believers 
sanctified." 

In Pennsylvania there were many outpourings of 
the Holy Spirit. In Liverpool, on the banks of the 
Susquehanna, and in the surrounding country, a 
gracious work broke out, under the labors of Bro . 
Wm. Beighel. J. E. Murry speaks of this work, 
thus: 

" The Methodist had preached here for several 
years, but had forsaken it last spring on account of 
wickedness, and seeing no prospect of good. Since 
Bro. Beighel came here, things have changed 



268 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OP 1841 

We now have a society of thirty respectable mem- 
bers . Thirty individuals also united with the Church 
at a meeting seven miles below this place, Bro. 
Beighel says you publish a paper in Circleville ; I 
am anxious to read it." 

During this year, three Missionary Societies were 
formed. One by the members of the Allegheny 
Conference, one by the Virginia Conference, and a 
third by the Otterbein Church in Baltimore, Md. 
The object of the two former, is to extend the work 
more effectually in the bounds of the Conference dis- 
tricts respectively ; that of the latter is to send Mis- 
sionaries among the Germans in America. These 
Societies are destined to do much good if faithfully 
conducted. 

Three ministers w^ere called away by death during 
this year, to wit: C. D. Key, Henry J. Frey and 
Felix Light. Bro. Crasey D. Key, was a member 
of the Indiana Conference; died February 19th, in 
the forty-seventh year of his age. He was said to 
be useful and highly esteemed. Henry Joseph Frey 
was a member of the Miami Conference, died May 
24th, in the sixty-eighth year of his age — a preach- 
er in the Church nearly thirty years ; first in Virgin- 
ia and then in Ohio. He was very diligent in the 
service of the Lord. 

Felix Light was a member of the Pennsylvania 
Conference ; of the particulars of his labors and 
death, we have no account, see page 187. 

1841. Nine Annual, and one General Conference 
were held this year. 



1841 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 269 

The Virginia met in Frederick county, Md. , Feb- 
ruary 22d . Bishop Erb presided . 

Pennsylvania met in Lancaster county, Penn., 
March 1st. J^ Erb presided. Sixteen preachers 
received on probation. 

Allegheny met in Bellfonte, Pa., March 15th. 
Bishop Erb Presided. Eight candidates v^^ere re- 
ceived into the ministry . 

Muskingum met at Weimer's Church, April 20th. 
Bishop Erb presided. Three new circuits added, 
viz: Beallville, Coshocton and Bethlehem. 

The Minutes of the Sandusky Conference are 
not at hand. 

The Scioto convened at Otterbein Church, Picka- 
way county, Ohio, May 3d. Bishops KumlerSen. 
and Erb, present. Four candidates were received 
into the ministry . 

The Miami Conference met May 25th, at Lewis- 
burg, Ohio. H. Kumler Sen., and H. Kumler Jr., 
(father and son,) Bishops . Eight ministers received 
on probation, and two by letter. 

Indiana met June 3d, at Bethel Church, Decatur 
county, la. H. Kumler Jr., Bishop. Nine appli- 
cants were received into the ministry . 

The Minutes of the Wabash Conference for this 
year, are not at hand . 

The General Conference of 1841, convened at 
Dresbach's Meetingrhouse, Pickaway county, Ohio, 
May the 10th. The following delegates were pres- 
ent, and took their seats: 

Henry Kumler Sen. , Jacob Erb, Bishops . 



270 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1841 

Pennsylvania Conference — J. Russel, Jacob Roop. 

Virginia Conference — J . J . Glossbrenner, W . 
R. Coursey. 

Muskingum Conference — A. Biddle, James Mc- 
Gaw. 

Sandusky Conference — H. G. Spayth, G. Hiskey. 

Allegheny Conference — Jacob Ritter, G. Miller. 

Scioto Conference — Wm. Hastings, John Coons, 
J. Montgomery, E. Vandemark. 

Miami Conference — Henry Kumler, F. Whit- 
com. 

Indiana Conference — Henry Bonebrake, Jos. A.. 
Ball, J. G. Eckels. 

Wabash Conference — Josiah Davis, Wm. Davis.. 

George Bonebrake from Miami Conference, wa& 
absent, in consequence of ill health. J. Montgom- 
ery and J . Slonaker, v^ere elected Secretaries . 

After many preliminaries, and some regular Con- 
ference business had been attended to, the subject 
of a constitution vi^as brought up. Much discussion 
was had for and against. Finally a vote was taken 
in favor of constitution; and a committee of nine 
appointed to draft one, and present it to Conference 
for action. The committee's report was made, and 
the proposed constitution carefully read, section by 
section, and finally adopted by a large majority * 

At this Conference, the salary of preachers was 
raised from one hundred and sixty dollars for a mar- 
ried man, to two hundred dollars and house rent ; and 

* The constitution will be found on page 198, part first. 



1841 THE UNITED BRETHREN ES" CHRIST. 271 

that of a single man, to one hundred dollars mstead 
of eighty. With such salaries, it must be apparent 
to all, that a traveling preacher must remain, all his 
days, a poor man . Truly, the motive of a lucrative 
business, will prompt no one to become a traveling 
preacher in the Brethren Church ; but the want of a 
competent support, has driven many a promising 
man from the itinerancy . It is but just, however. 
to remark that the support of traveling preachers is 
becoming more and more adequate to their wants ; 
and provisions are made to meet extreme cases of 
large families, or expensive locations in towns and 
cities ; and also for moving the minister from one 
charge to another . But after all, a traveling preach- 
er, who is exclusively devoted to his work, and has 
nothing to depend upon but his hire, as a servant 
of the Church, may expect to go down to the grave 
a poor man ; though thank the Good Being, he may 
be rich in faith, and the knowledge of our Lord Jesus 
Christ. 

George Dresbach, Jonathan Dresbach and Wm. 
Leist, were elected Trustees of the Telescope Office . 
Wm. Hanby was elected Editor for the ensuing 
four years. 

At this Conference, a Parent Missionary Society 
was formed, for the purpose of extending the gospel 
on our frontiers and among the heathens in Foreign 
lands. 

It was also resolved to establish a German Print- 
ing Office in Baltimore, Md., and accordingly, John 
Russel, Cornelius Staily and Henry W^eighand, were 



272 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1841 

appointed Trustees — to be governed by the same 
rules by which the English Press is governed ; and 
that the German Press be under the control of the 
Pennsylvania Conference, in the interval of Gene- 
ral Conferences. 

Jacob Erb was appointed Editor and general 
agent of the German Press. 

The German Paper wa^ to bear the title, " Die 
Geschaeftige Martha. "^^ (The Busy Martha.) 

Conference next proceeded to the election of four 
Bishops, which resulted as follows, to wit: 

H. KUMLER Sen., I JOHN COONS^ 
JACOB ERB, I H. KUMLER Jr, 

John Russel was appointed to travel as a general- 
agent, to solicit subscribers for the Telescope, the 
German paper, the Pledge List, and to advance the 
interests of the Parent Missionary Society. 

With regard to the Pledge List, the reader is here- 
by informed that, during the year 1840, an enter- 
prise was gotten up to relieve the Telescope Office 
from embarrassments, and also to establish a Ger- 
man paper in the Church. The plan adopted, was 
to secure five hundred persons who would pay ten 
dollars each, for the very desirable object. The 
object was not fully realized, yet very considerable 
relief from debt was found through this medium; 
and considerable done towards establishing the Ger- 
man Press. 

After a pleasant session of some ten day&, the 
General Conference adjourned, to meet in Circle- 
ville, Ohio, the second Monday in May 1845. 



1841 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 273 

There were some interesting revivals during this 
year, though not as great as some previous years. 
In the Virginia Conference, there were some inter- 
esting seasons. In the Scioto Conference, Ohio, 
there were some revivals also. On Pickaway cir- 
cuit, under the labors of W. K. McCabe and P. 
Brock, there was a good work. At two appoint- 
ments, nearly one hundred souls were converted and 
added to the Church. In the city of Cincinnati also, 
there was an interesting revival. 

Christian Strickler, minister of the Pennsylvania 
Conference, died July 20th, in the 36th year of his 
age. 

19 



274 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER VIII. 



FROM JANUARY 1842, TO JANUARY 1844. 



Conferences of 1842 — Revivals — Twelve ministers died — Confer- 
ences of 1843 — Miller excitement — Two ministers died. 

During this year, (1842,) there were, as usual, nine 
Annual Conferences held. 

The first was the Pennsylvania, which met in 
Dauphin county, January 24th. J. Erb presided, 
assisted by J. Fohl. Nine applicants were received 
on probation. 

Allegheny convened March the 7th. No Bishop 
being present, George Miller was elected Bishop 
pro tern ; J. Ritter to assist. Two applicants were 
received on probation. 

Muskingum met at Mt. Carmel Church, Tusca- 
rawas county, Ohio, March the 14th. No Bishop 
present. A. Biddle and S. Long, elected chairmen. 
Seven candidates received into the ministry. Three 
new circuits were added, to wit: Middletown, Berlin 
and Nimishillin. 

Virginia convened in Augusta county, Va., April 
the 11th. Bishop Erb presided, assisted by J. J. 
Glossbrenner. Two candidates received. The death 
of George Geeting was entered on the Journal. 

Sandusky met in Lucas county, Ohio, April 11th. 
H. Kumler Jr., Bishop, J. Baulus and H. G. Spayth 



1842 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 275 

chairmen. Three candidates received into the min- 
istry. This Conference constituted a Home Mission- 
ary Society, for the purpose of extending the gospel 
more effectually within its own bounds. A consti- 
tution was adopted, and officers appointed. 

Scioto met at Winchester, Ohio, May 2d. Bish- 
ops J. Coons and H.' Kumler, Jr., were present. 
Nine persons were set apart to the ministry, by the 
imposition of hands. Two new circuits were add- 
ed, viz: Hillsborough and Chester. 

Miami met at Liberty, Montgomery county, Ohio, 
May 17th. H. Kumler Sen., and H. Kumler Jr., 
Bishops, were present. D. Kumler and A. S. Deck- 
er were elected Presiding Elders. 

Indiana met in Andersonsville, on the 25th day of 
May. H. Kumler Jr., Bishop, presided, assisted by 
J. A. Bail. W. Steward and H. Bonebrake were 
elected Presiding Elders. 

Wabash met at Jefferson, la., June 8d. Bishop 
Kumler Jr., present. A. W. Hedges and J. Villers 
were ordained. Wm. Davis, J. Fetterhoff, Wm. 
Brown and Josiah Davis, were elected Presiding 
Elders. 

This Conference is becoming quite too large — 
embracing in its territory. Northern Indiana, all of 
Illinois, a work in Iowa and also a Mission in Wis- 
consin. Seven years ago, it held its first session, 
with only twelve members belonging, and six charg- 
es. This year, fifty members are reported — twenty 
circuits and missions, and thirteen applicants receiv- 



276 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1842 

ed. Surely, God is doing much for the Brethren in 
the West. 

Many very interesting revivals took place during 
this year. In Germantown, Ohio, many precious 
souls were brought to the Saviour. Eighty united 
with the Church. 

Jesse Bright of Brush Creek circuit, writes: 

" Nine classes have been formed within the last 
year, and two hundred and twenty have joined 
Church." 

In the town of Etna, Ohio, sixty united in Church 
fellowship. Bro. T. P. Jones says, that within the 
compass of forty-five miles on the Miami Valley, 
within the last four months, upwards of three hun- 
dred have been added to the Church, most of whom 
gave evidence of sound conversion. 

Brother C. W. Witt, in speaking of a great work 
in Abington, Indiana, says: 

" For deep humility, for heart-rending soul-con- 
verting and reviving power, for fervent praying and 
sound gospel, heart-felt, pointed preaching, I never 
saw an equal. Over sixty have joined, and twenty 
have been baptized by immersion. Brother T. P. 
Jones of Cincinnati, was the principal instrument 
in this meeting." 

Twelve of our ministers were called from the walls 
during this year. 

The first in order of time, was George A. Geeting-* 
He departed this life in great peace, in Washington 

* This was a son of George A. Guething, or Geeting, who was ca- 
temporary with Otterbein, and died in 1812, see page 129. 



1842 THB UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 277 

county, Md., on the 5th day of February; aged 61 
years. Father Geeting entered the ministry when 
twenty-six years old, and continued faithful until 
called home. 

David Fleck of the Allegheny Conference, died ; 
of the particulars of his death, we have no account. 

Next was Christian Knegy, of the Muskingum 
Conference, died while on a visit to his friends in 
Western Ohio. An aged veteran of the cross, lov- 
ed and esteemed by all who knew him. His meek 
and venerable appearance, spoke favorably upon 
the minds of all who beheld him. The precise day 
of his death is not given. 

Also, Felix Boicourt of the Indiana, and A. 
Sparks of the Wabash Conference, died during this 
year. 

John Crider of the Pennsylvania Conference, de- 
parted this life, June 17th, in the seventy-seventh 
year of his age. He embraced religion forty years 
previous to his death; and stood as a minister thirty- 
five years. 

Brother Stephen Lillibridge of the Sandusky Con- 
ference, a young, pious and very useful minister, 
was in the morning of life, called away. But few 
young men promise fairer than he did ; but the Lord 
in his wisdom, took him. 

Next, we find the death of John Hufter of the 
Virginia Conference, recorded. He died in the sev- 
enty-second year of his age. He entered the min- 
istry twenty-seven years previous to his death, and 



278 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1843 

was said to be a faithful servant of the Lord. The 
precise day of his death is not given. 

John Sands of the Muskingum Conference, depar- 
ted this life August 27th, in the 29th year of his 
age. Had traveled two years, and was a faithful 
youth. 

Peter Bonebrake departed this life, September 
16th, in the forty-eighth year of his age. He was a 
member of the Miami Conference. 

Henry Metzger of the Allegheny Conference, 
departed this life December 10th. Adam Noon also 
died February 26th, in peace. 

This year, 1842, has been one of great mortality 
among the preachers of the Brethren Church. 
Twelve have been called away; some in the morn- 
ing of life, and others far advanced in years. We 
now enter upon the year 1843. 

The Virginia Conference met at RohrersviHe, Feb- 
ruary 14th. Bishop Erb presided, J. J. Glossbren- 
ner chairman. 

Pennsylvania met in FetterholF's Chapel, Frank- 
lin county. Pa. J. Erb presided, assisted by Samuel 
Hoover. 

Allegheny convened at Liverpool, Pa., March 3d. 
Bishop Erb presided, assisted by J. R. Sitman. 

Muskingum met in New Rumley, Harrison county 
Ohio, March 10th. Bishop J. Coons presided, as- 
sisted by A Biddle. 

Scioto convened in Ross county, Ohio, April 3d. 
Bishop Coons presided, assisted by E. Vandemark. 

Miami met in Germantown, Ohio, April 15th, 



1843 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 279 

Brs. Kumler senior and junior, Bishops, presided. 

Sandusky met April 28th. Bishop Kumler Jr., 
presided, Jacob Baulus assistant. Fifteen appli- 
cants were received into the ministry at this Confer- 
ence. 

Wabash Conference met in Millford, Warren 
county, Indiana, May 12th. Bishop Kumler Jr., 
presided, F. Kenoyer chairman. 

In the minutes of this Conference, we find the fol- 
lowing statement: 

" There has been a net increase of members in 
this Conference district, during the last year, of 
Two thousand one hundred and forty -four , 

This Conference also passed a resolution, that 
Bishop Kumler should go to Iowa next spring, and 
hold a conventional meeting with the Missionaries 
in that new country. 

Indiana met in Decatur county, Ia„ May 26th. 
H. Kumler Jr., presided, H. Bonebrake assistant. 

During this year, there was a great excitement 
in the nation, known as " The Miller excitement. ''"' 

An old gentleman, familiarly known as "Father 
Miller," had for a year or two past, been publishing 
that the world would come to an end, most positively 
in 1843. The 23d day of May, was the day appoin- 
ted, when the second coming of the Saviour was to 
take place. Hundreds and thousands wxre led 
away honestly, by this delusion — neglecting their 
daily business — distributing all they possessed, 
whether in money or property, to supply the wants 
of the poor ; and pay for the printing and distribu- 



280 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1843 

ting of publications on that subject. Prior to the day 
appointed, hundreds of the citizens of Philadelphia 
and in some other places, tented out upon the com- 
mons and in the groves, to witness the coming of 
Christ. The auspicious morning rolled round, when 
the tried saints were to put on immortal bodies ; but 
lo, the sun arose and set as usual, and the hopes of 
man}^ were very sadly disappointed. As might well 
be expected, some of the members of the Brethren 
Church became Millerites. 

There has been a considerable amount of revival 
influence manifested during this year ; yet perhaps 
not so great as last. At a camp meeting in Virgin- 
ia, there were some reviving times. J. B. Houck 
makes the following remarks: 

" The Lord has visited our camp-meetings. At 
the Rockingham camp-meeting," he says, "upwards 
of fifty were converted, and thirty-six joined 
Church." He adds, " the reason why we do not in- 
crease more rapidly here, is, there are many who 
claini the service of the children of Ham, and we 
have a law that will not admit such in our Church. 
We truly admire that law, and believe it will pre- 
serve the piety of the Church. May God keep us 
free from oppression and injustice." 

Brother J. Ritter, in speaking of a camp-meeting 
in Pennsylvania, says: 

" The converted and reclaimed, amounted to about 
sixty. In various portions of the general work, 
Christ was honored in the conversion of many pre- 
cious souls." 



1843 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 281 

Since the establishment of Missionary Societies 
in the different Annual Conferences, the work has 
been much enlarged. New societies were formed, 
and new circuits added every year. 

The missionaries are penetrating into dark and 
unoccupied portions of the country, where the name 
of United Brethren was never heard of before. 
God is giving the Church favor in the sight of the 
people. 

Two of our aged ministers died this year, to wit: 

George Patterson departed this life, August 22d, 
1843, in the 68th year of his age — was said to be 
a zealous and very faithful minister. 

Jacob Winter, departed this life, October the 
12th, 1843, in the full triumphs of living faith, in 
the 64th year of his age. He was born in Wash- 
ington county, Pa., September 16th, 1780, embraced 
religion in 1801, and received license to preach in 
1808 — was a minister in the Church thirty -five 
years. Father Winter was a pious and useful man, 
and much beloved by his brethren. 

A great contrast is presented in the mortality of 
our preachers, comparing this year with the last. 
Last year, some twelve or thirteen were removed by 
death — a number of whom were in the prime of 
life, and had but just entered the ministry. This 
year God has been very favorable unto Zion in this 
respect ; two only having died. 



'i82 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER IX 



FROM JANUARY 1844. TO MAY 1845,, 



Conferences of 1844 — The work in Iowa — Death of Neiding, Sutton 
Flickinger, Bash and Bowser — Conferences of 1845 — Death of 
Jesse Wilson. 

This year, we shall only have space to give a 
mere sketch of the different Annual Conferences, as 
we did last. To go beyond this, as a general 
thing, would swell the work beyond our prescribed 
limits. Next year, we shall give a more general de- 
tail, with the net increase for the five preceding 
years. 

Nine Annual Conferences were held in 1844. 

The first in order of time, was the Virginia, which 
met at Churchville, Augusta county, Va., February 
6th. Bishop Erb presided, assisted by W. R. Cour- 
sey. Five applicants received on probation. J. B. 
Houck and J. Markwood were elected Presiding El- 
ders. 

Pennsylvania met in Shoop's Church, Cumber- 
land county, Pa., February 21st. J. Erb presided, 
assisted by J. Russel. Conference records the death 
of two ministers, John Neiding and James Sutton. 
Henry Staub, Peter Bitzel and J. A. Sand, were or- 
dained. Ten received on probation C. Light and 
John Russel, were elected Presiding Eiders. 



1844 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 283 

Allegheny met in Mt. Pleasant, Pa., March 4th. 
Bishop Coons presided, assisted by Harmonious Ow. 
Six applicants received on probation. J.. J. Huber, 
J. Crmnling and John Sypher, were ordained. 

Indiana met in Franklin county, Indiana, March 
7th. Bishops Kumler Sen., and Junior, presided. 
Nine received on probation, and seven were ordain- 
ed. J. McCallen, W. Steward andD. Stover, were 
elected Presiding Elders. 

Muskingum met in Rochester, Stark county, Ohio, 
March 21st. Bishop Coons presided, James Mc- 
Gaw chairman. Nine received on probation, and 
five were ordained. 

Wabash met at New Salem, Montgomery county, 
la., March 21st. Bishop Kumler Jr , presided, F. 
Kenoyer chairman. Ten received on probation, 
and seven ordained. 

Scioto met in Etna, Ohio, March 29th. Bishop 
Coons presided, assisted by E. Yandemark. Nine 
were received on probation, and five ordained. The 
death of Jacob Alspach and Jacob Winter, were en- 
tered on the minutes. 

Sandusky met in Sandusky county, Ohio> April 
4th. Bishop Kumler Jr., presided, J. Baulus and H. 
G. Spayth, chairmen. Four received on probation, 
and five were ordained. 

Miami convened in Lewisburg, Ohio, April 18th^ 
H. Kumler Sen., J. Coons and H. Kumler Jr., were 
all present. Nine were received on probation. 
The death of C. Shearer and Jacob Flickinger, were 
entered on the journal. 



284 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1844 

Iowa, branch of Wabash, met in Columbus City, 
Iowa, May 20th. Bishop Kumler Jr., presided. 
M. Garrison, D. C. Barrows and I. B. Ryan, were 
received on probation. 

The great distance that the brethren in Iowa, were 
from the usual place of meeting of the Wabash 
Conference, to which they regularly belonged, made 
it really necessary that they should have a meeting 
among themselves, west of the Mississippi. Indeed 
the year previous, they held a counsel among them- 
selves, and located several missions, and by mutual 
consent, supplied them with laborers. Many breth- 
ren from the Eastern States, had moved west, and 
settled in various portions of the Territory. Their 
calls were incessant for the gospel to be sent among 
them. At this Conference, there were three general 
missionary fields of labor, as follows: 

The southern mission was located between the 
Desmoin and Skunk Rivers. The next upon the 
north, was located between Skunk and Iowa Rivers; 
and the northern mission was located north of the 
Iowa River, and extended some sixty miles up the 
Mississippi, and back into the interior, from forty to 
fifty miles. Christian Troup and John Everhart, 
were to superintend the work. At this time, there 
were seven regular preachers reported as belonging 
to this convention. They were all present, names as 
follows: 



J, Everhart, 
J.Denham, 
D. Shafer. 



C.Troup, 
J. Burns, 



A. A, Seller, 
F. R. S. Byrd, 



1844 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 285 

G. S. Clingan received by transfer, and three ap- 
plicants received as above specified. 

About three hundred members were found scatter- 
ed through the Territory. 

J. Neiding of Dauphin county, Pa., departed this 
life, January 11th, 1844, in the seventy-ninth year 
of his age. 

Father Neiding was a preacher of the gospel in 
the Brethren Church, for fifty-three years. He was 
raised and educated in accordance with the strict 
morality of the Mennonite Society of which he be- 
came a member in early life ; and distinguished 
himself by talent and strict observance to the relig- 
ion he professed. He was, soon after his connection 
with the Mennonite Society, elected by lot, to the of- 
fice of preacher. Shortly after, he was made to feel 
the necessity of a change of heart, and he rested 
not, until he found peace. This state of things soon 
drove him from his old home. He attended, and 
united with the Brethren, at the second Conference 
held by Otterbein and others, in York county Pa., 
1791. His name still stands in the discipline, as a 
member of that Conference. * 

Father James Sutton of the Pennsylvania Con- 
ference, died during this year, though the precise 
day is not given. He was said to be a pious and 
devoted christian. 

Jacob Flickinger departed this life, March 29th, in 
the sixty-third year of his age. He embraced relig- 

* For a more detailed account, see page 75, first part. 



286 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

ion at the age of thirty-two, and shortly after, re- 
ceived license to preach. Was united in marriage 
with Hannah Kumler, eldest daughter of H. Kum- 
ler Sen. This relation continued for thirty years. 
His labors were in the German language. The 
Lord had blessed father Flickinger with much of 
this world's goods, and he proved himself to be a 
faithful steward. His last dying request to one of 
his sons was, that his children " he sure and he good 
to the poor. ''^ 

John Bash Sen., of the Muskingum Conference, 
departed this life, July 23d, in the fifty-fifth year of 
his age. Thirty years a member, and sixteen years 
a preacher in the Brethren Church. 

John Bowser, died August 5th ; aged fifty-seven 
years — died on his birth- day. He stood as a min- 
ister in the Church for twenty-two years. 

Prior to his death, he made provisions in his will, 
for the continuation of the same liberality in the 
support of the gospel which he manifested in life ; 
and gave special direction to his children, to remem- 
ber the poor. Father Bowser's greatness consisted 
mainly, in his goodness . 

The thread of our history brings us down to the 
commencement of the year 1845. 

One General, and nine Annual Conferences were 
held in the spring of this year. 

The time of meeting of five of the Conferences, 
was changed from Spring to Fall — consequently 
there were five more sessions held in the Fall of this 
same year. 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 287 

The Virginia convened at Jerusalem Church, 
Middletown Valley, Md., February 3d. Bishops 
Erb and Kuinler, Jr., were present. Thirty-seven 
preachers reported, and eight circuits. J. Mark- 
wood and W. R. Coursey, were elected Presiding 
Elders . 

Pennsylvania met in Highspii-e, Dauphin county, 
February 12th. Bishops Erb and Kumler presided. 
Eighty-three ministers reported — twenty-one charg- 
es. The death of John Dayhoff was entered upon 
the journal. J. Russel, C. Pefley and John Light, 
were elected Presiding Elders . 

Allegheny met in Shellsburg, Bedford county. Pa., 
February 20th. Bishops Kumler Jr., and Erb presi 
ded. Forty-seven members of Conference reported 

— fifteen charges. James Gibson member of this 
'Conference, died during the year. J. L. Baker and 
J. Wallace, w^ere elected Presiding Elders . 

Muskingum met in Sales ville, Guernsey county, 
Ohio, March 13th. Bishop Coons presided, assis- 
ted by A. Biddle. Sixty-two preachers reported — 
twenty-three charges, consisting of circuits, stations 
and missions. Seven were received on probation. 

Indiana met in Georgetown, Floyd county, la. 
March 13th. Bishop Kumler Jr., presided, assisted 
by Wm. Steward. Sixty-seven members reported 

— nineteen charges, and nine applicants received 
into the ministry. D. Stover and L. S. Chittenden 
were elected Presiding Elders . 

Miami met in Warren county, Ohio, March 26th. 
Henry Kumler Sen., and Henry Kumler Jr., Bish- 



288 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

ops, presided, J. Hoffman assisting. Eighty-two 
ministers reported — twenty-two charges. 

Scioto met in Highland county, April 3d . Bishop 
Coons presided. Sixty-seven members reported — 
twenty charges, including circuits, stations and mis- 
sions. Three were received on probation. Con- 
ference recorded the death of Jesse Wilson, who 
departed this^life the 30th of January last, with strong 
faith in the Saviour of the world. J. Montgomery, 
D. Edwards and M. Ambrose, were elected Presiding 
Elders. 

Wabash met at Concord, Tippecanoe county, la. ^ 
April 11th. Bishop Kumler Sen., presided, assist- 
ed by J . Slonecker. Seventy-five members repor- 
ted — thirty-three charges — eleven applicants re- 
ceived on probation. 

This Conference resolved to hold its next session 
in the fall — say in six months from its present sit- 
ting. 

Sandusky met at Monclovia, Lucas county, Ohio, 
April 28th. There was no bishop in attendance ; 
H. G. Spayrth was elected Bishop pro tem, and 
George Hiskey to assist. Sixty-one preachers re- 
ported — thirteen charges . S . Long and Jeremiah 
Brown, were elected Presiding Elders. 

Ten years ago, there were twenty-five preachers 
and five circuits belonging to the last named Con- 
ference. At the above named session, there were 
sixty-one preachers and thirteen charges. More 
than doubled in ten years 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 289 

RECAPITULATION OF NUMBERS. 

Conferences. Preachers. Circuits, 

Pennsylvania, . .83 21 

Virginia, 37 8 

Allegheny, 47 15 

Muskingum, 62 23 

Sandusky, 61 13 

Scioto, 67 20 

Miami, 82 22 

Indiana, 67 19 

Wabash, .75 33 

Total for 1845,... 581 180 

Total for 1840, 387 90 

Increase in 5 years, 194 90 

Here we have an increase of fifty per cent, in five 

years, in the ministry, and one hundred per cent in 
the circuits c 

20 



290 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER X, 



FROM MAY 1845, TO JANUARY 1846. 



General Conference of 1845 ■ — Four Conferences set off — Conferen- 
ces of 1845 — Revivals- — Holiness. 

We commence this chapter with the proceedings 
of the ninth General Conference of the United 
Brethren Church, which convened in Circleville, 
May 10th, 1845. H. Kumler Sen., J. Coons and 
H. Kumler Jr., Bishops, were the presiding officers. 

The names of delegates were called, and enrolled 
as follows, viz: 

* Pennsylvania Conference — J. Russel. 

Virginia Conference — J . J . Glossbrenner, J . 
Markwood, J. Bechtel. 

Allegheny Conference — J. R. Sitman, Jacob Rit- 
ter, J. Rider. 

Muskingum Conference — A. Biddle, James Mc» 
Gaw, W. W. Simpkins. 

Scioto Conference — E. Vandemark, J. Montgom- 
ery, M. Ambrose. 

Sandusky Conference — H. G. Spayth, G. Hiskey, 
J. Brown. 

Miami Conference — G, Bonebrake, J. Crider, 
F. Whitcom. 

* Simon Dresbach and J. S. Kessler, were absent 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 29l 

Indiaim Conference — Henry Bonebrake, Jos . A . 
Ball, — one absent. 

Wabash Conference — J. Hoobler, Josiah Davis, J. 
Denham. 

H. G. Spayth and J. Montgomery, were elected 
Secretaries ; and Conference proceeded to business. 

A petition from Indiana Conference, was presen- 
ted to the General Conference, remonstrating against 
any change being made in the discipline on the doc- 
trine of depravity. The reader is hereby informed, 
that for the last year, there had been quite a contro- 
versy through the columns of the Telescope, upon 
the subject of depravity. There were a portion of 
the ministers and members of the Church, who held 
to a partial depravity only — that man had still left 
within himself, a portion of ability to help himself 
— to do good ; that children were not depraved — 
they were holy : while a large majority held, that 
man had no ability of his own to do good, at all ; 
that the preparation of the heart and the answer of 
tiie tongue, were from God ; that man left to him- 
self, would in every instance, and under all circum- 
stances, walk in paths of rebellion against his Ma- 
ker ; that having lost the divine image, the feelings 
and inclinations of his heart, were bent on evil, and 
that continually. At this General Conference, a 
test question was gotten up for the purpose of set- 
tling the controversy. It was accordingly moved, 
that the term ^^ depramty^'' on the 19th page of dis- 
cipline, be stricken out. This brought the subject 
pretty fairly before Conference ; and after some 



292 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

considerable debate, the yeas and nays were called^ 
which resulted as follows: 

Yeas, 6, Nays 26. 

This of course, settled the question fully in favor 
of man's utter helplessness within himself; so far 
as the Church is concerned. 

The Telescope Office was reported as being in a 
prosperous condition, with a subscription list of a 
little above three thousand, and net proceeds from 
the last year, of twelve hundred dollars . 

The business of the Telescope Office was next 
considered, and upon mature deliberation, it was 
thought that the interest of the Church, called for a 
weekly issue, instead of a semi-monthly ; con- 
sequently, it was ordered that the paper be changed 
to a weekly issue . 

The Conference re-appointed J. Dresbach, G. 
Dresbach and Wm. Leist, Trustees of the Teles- 
cope Office, for the next four years. D. Edwards 
was elected Editor. 

At this Conference, H. G. Spayth was appointed 
to write a history of the rise and progress of the 
United Brethren Church. 

Conference next went into an election of Bishops 
to serve the ensuing four years. Whereupon, John 
RussEL, J. J. Glossbrenner and Wm. Hanby, were 
duly elected. Officers were appointed for the 
" Foreign and Frontier Missionary Society," as fol- 
:lows: 

•J. RussEL, President. 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 293 

J.J. Glossbrennerj Wm. Hanby, Vice Presidents. 

J. Montgomery, Secretary. 

J. Dresbach, Treasurer. 

Geo. Dresbach, Wm. Leist, E. Vandemark, Mana- 
gers. 

The next General Conference was to be held in 
Germantown, Montgomery county, Ohio, to convene 
the ^^second Monday in May, 1849 ; after a vote 
of thanks to the citizens of Circleville, the session 
was closed. 

East Pennsylvania, Illinois, St. Joseph and Iowa 
Annual Conferences, were set off, and a provision 
made for Indiana to be divided, if the members 
thought best, at their next meeting. The Iowa, Il- 
linois, Wabash, St. Joseph and the Scioto all met in 
the fall of this same year. This measure (of a fall 
session,) was adopted on account of the great incon- 
venience of traveling in the West in the spring of the 
year. The muddy roads and high waters, were 
very often great hindrances to a western traveler. 

Accordingly, the Iowa Conference held its first 
regular session at Wm. Thompson's, Louisa county, 
Iowa Territory, August 14th, 1845. Bishop Russel 
presided. There were present at the organization, 

Christian Troup, I A. A. Zeller, 
F. R. S. Byrd, Jacob Miller, 

George S. Clingan, D. C. Barrows, 

LB. Ryan. 

MEMBERS ABSENT. 

J. Everhart, | John Burns, 

D. Shafer, Moses Garrison. 



204 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

The work was divided into two Presiding Elder 
districts, and nine missions . 

Illinois Conference held its first session at Lexing- 
ton, McLean county, 111., August 28th. Bishop 
Russel presided, assisted by J. Denham. Eleven 

members present at the organization eight were 

received on probation. This Conference was divi- 
ded into three Elder districts, and fifteen circuits and 
missions . 

Wabash Conference met in Vermillion county, Ia.> 
September 5th. Bishop Russel presided, J. Davis 
chairman. Fifty ministers were still reported as 
belonging to this Conference ; and twelve charges, 
consisting of circuits and missions. J. Hoobler 
and J. P. Shuey^ were elected Presiding Elders. 

St. Joseph Conference held its first session in 
North Manchester, la., September the 18th. On 
account of Bishop Russel's illness, he was not able 
to get to this Conference; consequently, J. M. Her- 
shey was elected Bishop pro tem, and E. H. Lamb 
to assist. There were nineteen preachers belong- 
ing to this Conference at its organization. Two El- 
der districts, and twelve circuits and missions. 

This Conference at its first session, organized a 
" Home Missionary Society," — adopted a con- 
stitution, and appeared to be determined to labor 
faithfully to cultivate Immanuel's land. 

The reader will bear in mind, that the Iowa, Illi- 
nois and St. Joseph Conferences, were all set off 
from the Wabash Conference at the General Con- 
ference in May last. Ten years ago, the Wabasb 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN EN CHRIST. 295 

Conference held its first session. Thirteen preach- 
ers belonged at that time, and six circuits were under 

its care. Now the four together, which have all 
grown out of the one in ten years, number ninety- 
nine preachers, and forty-eight charges. Surely 
God is with us in mercy and great goodness . 

Scioto Conference met at Otterbein Chapel, Per- 
ry county, Ohio, October 9th. J. Russel and Wm. 
Hanby presided. It being only six months since 
this Conference held its last session, there was no 
very important business transacted. Lewis Davis 
and J. Montgomery were elected Presiding Elders. 
There has been no deaths in the ministry in any of 
the ^ve Conferences held this fall — there being a 
great amount of sickness in the West, notwithstand- 
ing. 

This year was replete with revivals of religion in 
almost every portion of the Church. With this year 
too, may be dated a very interesting reformation in 
the Church. Many prominent members and minis- 
ters, had felt for years, the necessity of higher 
attainments in a divine life. They longed for a per- 
fect deliverance from the carnal mind — a perfect 
victory through", the merits of Christ, over a natu- 
rally selfish and corrupt heart. True, all prayed 
for the perfection of their natures, to be cleansed 
from all unrighteousness ; but while they thus pray- 
ed, they did not have definite faith to believe, that 
God was just as ready to give them the great bless- 
ing tioiw, as at any future period. They prayed to 
be sanctified — but that work was to be performed 



296 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

gradually ■ — perhaps just before death, God would 
come and complete the work. But few really enjoy- 
ed a glorious fullness, in an entire consecration to 
the will of God. We repeat it, there were but few 
who professed a full, a present and a perfect victo- 
ry over sin and self. Surely, if it is our privilege to 
pray for victory over any one besetting sin, and ex- 
pect success, it is equally our privilege to pray for 
victory over every sin, and expect a satisfactory an- 
swer. If the work is to be accomplished by works, 
then may we well work on ; but if it is by faith in 
the merits of Christ, these merits are as available to 
day, as at any future period ; and as faith is made 
the condition, why not as well exercise faith now, as 
at any future time ? But while we thus speak, it is 
but just to say, that the doctrine of holiness may be 
traced back to the early fathers in the Church. We 
will give one or two quotations from Father New- 
comer's journal: 

" So I went on alternately, sometimes happy, at 
other times not so ; at times full of spirit and cour- 
age, at other times disheartened ; but whenever I 
had a longing desire to find Jesus precious to my 
soul, he would manifest himself to me, by blessing 
me ; then I was ready to do and suffer for Jesus' 
sake all things. * * * In this manner I went 
on for some time, believing it to be the will of God 
concerning me, to enter the Kingdom of Heaven 
through severe trials and manifold tribulations ; how- 
ever, my opinion was soon changed on this point, for 
reading, ' The kingdom of God is not meator drinkj 



1845 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 297 

but righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost.' 
I concluded with the poet: 

" Why should the children of a King, 
Go mourning all their days?" 

So I determined by grace divine, to obtain that per- 
fect love which casteth out fear ; and is able to rejoice 
in tribulation, and say, ' Although thou slay me, yet 
will I praise thee.' " — Journal, p. 12. 

" This morning my poor soul is draw^n out in pray- 
er to God, for sanctifying power. ! Lord, impart 
into my soul, thy nature and thy perfect love . " — 
page 232. 

From these two passages, it is very evident that 
Father Newcomer, his well known piety notwith- 
standing, longed and prayed for a deeper — more 
thorough and glorious work of grace in his heart. 
He reached forward with anxious faith for the prize 
of perfect love. He desired to be enabled to rejoice 
always^ and in everything to give thanks: 

At the close of 1844, and during the year 1845, 
many of our people professed to have obtained this 
glorious rest — this freedom from selfish and anx- 
ious cares ; and to be able to feast as bountifully at 
a table spread with bitter herbs, as though it was 
spread with the dainties of earth . 

The author cannot close this chapter, without en- 
tering his own testimony, experimentally, to the 
truth of the above position. For some fourteen 
years of the early part of his christian experience, 
his path was rough and very thorny. Some times 



298 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1845 

up, and sometimes down ; sometimes miserable, and 
sometimes very happy ; sometimes very willing to 
preach and suffer all the will of God, and sometimes 
very unwilling to do either ; sometimes felt as though 
he could preach pretty well, and at other times so 
discouraged in view of his feeble efforts, that he 
would be tempted never to try to preach again. In 
the fall of 1844, after about three months hard strug- 
gling with head and heart, (being hitherto a disbe- 
liever in the doctrine of sanctification,) he by sim- 
ple, naked, living, child -like faith, consecrated his all 
to God. Since that time, he has enjoyed a constant 
peace, a sea of glory unknown before. May all 
who love the Lord Jesus, enter into this rest : Amen. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 299 



CHAPTER XL 



FROM JANUARY 1846, TO JANUARY 1847. 



Conferences of 1846 — Otterbein University — The German Teles- 
cope — Great Church trial in Baltimore — An anecdote concerning 
J. Russel. 

Twelve Annual Conferences were held during this 
year, 1846. A mere sketch of their sittings, may 
suffice for this chapter, as some other things will de- 
mand our attention . 

Virginia met in Shenandoah county, Va., Febru- 
ary 6th. Bishop Glossbrenner presided. Two 
missions received, Westminster and Lewis. 

Pennsylvania met at Springville, Pa., February 
20th. Bishops Glossbrenner and Russel presided. 
This Conference met in its original form, but sepa- 
ratied before the preachers were stationed in accor- 
dance with the act of last General Conference. 
The two Conferences will hereafter be known, as 
Pennsylvania and East Pennsylvania Conference. 
The East Pennsylvania Conference had nine charges, 
with C. Pefley and C. Light Presiding Elders. The 
Pennsylvania Conference had thirteen charges, and 
J. Russel Presiding Elder. 

Three ministers of this Conference departed this 
life since last session — John Light, John Wenger 
and J. Snider. 



300 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1846 

Indiana met in Bartholomew county, la., February 
30th. Wm. Hanby presided, J. A. Ball to assist. 
This Conference in accordance with a provision of 
the General Conference, divided itself into two por- 
tions North and South. The Southern portion to 
retain the name of Indiana, and the Northern por- 
tion to be called the White River Conference. D. 
Stover and W . W . Richardson were Presiding El- 
ders of the North, and L. S. Chittenden of the 
South. 

Allegheny met in Mifflin county. Pa . , March 2d . 
Bishop Glossbrenner presided, J. R. Sitman chair- 
man. Peter Swarts, a member of this Conference, 
died this year. 

Miami met March 5th. Wm. Hanby presided, 
assisted by fathers Kumler and Hoffman. I. V. D. 
Robertson died during the past Conference year. 

Sandusky met near Melmore, Ohio, March 13th. 
Wm. Hanby presided, assisted by S. Long. This 
Conference reports for the first time, two thousand 
six hundred and twelve members belonging to the 
Church. S. F. Hadley died during the past year. 

Muskingum met at the Crooked Run Meeting- 
house, on Monday, March 23d. Wm. Hanby pre- 
sided, assisted by A. Biddle. Two members of this 
Conference died. S. C. Briggs departed this life 
December 21st, 1845 ; aged sixty-two years — was a 
professor of religion forty-two years, the greater 
part of which time was spent in the ministry. The 
same week he left for the land of glory, he preached 



1846 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 301 

five sermons . Joseph Matheny died : aged forty 
six years . 

Iowa met at Columbus City, Iowa Territory, Au- 
gust 31st. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, J. Ever- 
-hart assisted. 

Illinois met at Spring Grove, Green county, Wis- 
consin Territory, September 14th. Bishop Gloss- 
•brenner presided, J. Denham assisted. 

Wabash met in Vigo county, la., September 28th. 
Bishop Glossbrenner presided, J. Hoobler chairman. 
David Fawcett and Alexander Long, departed this 
: life during the past Conference year. 

St, Joseph met in Kosciusko county, la. , October 
12th. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, F. Whitcom 
assisted . 

Scioto met at Bethlehem Church, Pickaway coun- 
ty, Ohio, October 26th. Bishop Glossbrenner pre- 
sided, E. Vandemark assistant chairman. 

For many years, the Church had deeply felt the 
necessity of having schools of good and religious 
character established, to which the youth might go 
and receive a thorough education, blended with mor- 
al and rehgious training, under the influence and in 
accordance with the doctrines and usages of the 
Brethren Church. The want of some such places, 
had caused many of our young people, to seek an 
.education without the pales of the Church ; and un- 
der such circumstances as rendered the education 
thus obtained, a curse rather than a blessing ; for be 
V it known, that education like the influences of the 
blessed gospel itself, will prove a blessing or a curse. 



302 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1846 

While it is a source of great good, it may be the 
instrument of great harm. This want had been 
deplored by many — brethren had talked and writ- 
ten on the subject — Conferences had passed reso- 
lutions favorable, and a large portion of the Church 
was very desirous to see some efficient action. 

At the last session of the Scioto Annual Confer- 
ence, a delegation from the M. E. Church at Wes- 
terville, Ohio, attended, and proposed to sell to the 
United Brethren, " The Blendon Young Men's Sem- 
inary," located in the above named village. A com- 
mittee was appointed to consider the propositions 
made, and report to Conference. Said committee 
reported favorably, and advised the appointment of 
three Trustees, clothed with authority to purchase 
the establishment. The buildings consisted of one 
three story brick building, 28 by 66 feet, the two 
lower stories finished ; the other a two story frame, 
well finished, 26 by 44 feet, with a bell — the 
whole standing on a beautiful square of eight acres 
of rich soil, together with a library of three hun- 
dred volumes, (fee, all of which was offered upon very 
reasonable terms. The Conference appointed Wm. 
Hanby, Jonathan Dresbach and Lewis Davis, Trus- 
tees for the purchase of said property, and at the 
same time, respectfully solicited the co-operation of 
Muskingum and Sandusky Annual Conferences, in 
the purchase and supporting of said institution. 

We will here anticipate the chronological order 
of our history, and trace this school beyond the 
present period. 



1846 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 303 

In November following, the Trustees appointed, 
closed a bargain with the Trustees of " the Blendon 
Young Men's Seminary," by taking a bond and 
giving obligations for the payment thereof. On the 
25th of April, 1847, the Trustees met, and made the 
first payment on the property, and made arrange- 
ments to commence school in the fall. The name 
was changed to '' Otterbein University." Septem- 
ber the 1st, the first session of the Otterbein Uni- 
versity commenced with eight or nine students only. 
W. R. Griffith Principal, Lewis Davis Resident and 
General Agent. The school has been in progress 
up to the present time, 1851. Some years it quit 
expenses, and others it fell short considerably. At 
the present time, its prospects are more flattering 
than at any previous period. We should have re- 
marked, that the Sandusky and the Muskingum 
Conferences, have both united, and are in connection 
with the Scioto Conference, the joint owners of the 
school. We shall now return to the regular order 
of our history as to time. 

A German Paper. — On the first day of October, 
1846, a German Paper was issued at the Telescope 
Office, Circleville, Ohio, bearing the title, " German 
Telescope," a semi-monthly publication, at $1 per 
annum. N. Altman Editor. 

It is proper to remark here, that this was not the 
first eff*ort made by the Church, to publish a paper 
in the German language. 

In the spring of 1840, J. Russel, resident for the 
time being, of the city of Baltimore, en<}ouraged by 



304 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1846 

many of his friends, issued a semi-monthly sheet, 
with the title of " Busy Martha," the first number 
bearing date of March 7th, 1840. For some 
cause unknown to the author, its publication was 
suspended May 20th, 1841. The General Confer- 
ence of this same month and year, resolved to es- 
tablish a German paper in the city of Baltimore, 
Md., and accordingly appointed J. Russel, Cornelius 
Staily and H. Weighand, Trustees, and Jacob Erb 
Editor. By this arrangement, a transfer of the 
Martha was made to the Church. Its publication 
was again renewed, under, what was then supposed 
to be, favorable auspices ; the first number of sec- 
ond volume, bearing date of July 1st, 1841. This 
effort was also short-lived — the paper being dis- 
continued again, on the 22d of June, 1842. Its 
Editor making the following declaration as to the 
causes of its discontinuance. He writes as follows : 

" With pain, I am compelled to notify the readers 
of the Busy Martha, that I have no prospects which 
would justify me in continuing its further publication 
in this place; for it appears to me, as if almost 
everything that could be a hindrance, has been raised 
to prevent the publication of a third volume of the 
Busy Martha. 

1st. It appears to me, that the Trustees who 
were elected by General Conference, care nothing 
about the matter . 

2d. The printer is not disposed to print the Mar- 
tha any longer. 

3d. A considerable number of subscribers have 



1846 THE UNITED BRETHBEN IN CHRIST. 805 

not paid for the second volume, which in justice, 
should have been done," (fee. Hence the enterprise 
was abandoned for a time, though not without much 
dissatisfaction upon the part of the German mem- 
bers of the Church : for many of them, as well as 
English, had contributed liberally towards the con- 
cern, and now that it should die so soon, was a mat- 
ter of regret. 

The next effort that was made in this enterprise, 
was to get the concern moved to Circleville, and 
start a paper there. Various pledges were given by 
the different Conferences, as to the number of sub- 
scribers that would be raised, if the Trustees of the 
Religious Telescope would take hold of the matter. 
The Trustees on their part, w^ere unwilling to start 
the paper again, short of one thousand subscribers. 
Finally, as has been intimated already, " The Ger- 
man Telescope made its appearance on the first 
day of October, of this year, (1846,) w4th about six 
hundred subscribers, edited by N. Altman." 

Here we will anticipate the regular order of 
our history, and notice some farther particulars 
connected with the German Telescope, which will 
present a concise view of it to the reader, from its 
rise to the present time. In May 1847, David Strick- 
ler from Eastern Pennsylvania, took charge of the 
Editorial department, and continued in that relation 
to the present time, 1851. At the General Confer- 
ence of 1849, in accordance with the wishes of some 
of the Eastern friends, its name was again changed 
to that of " Busy Martha," and provisions made for 

21 



306 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1846 

its removal to Pennsylvania, provided the Confer- 
ences of that State desired such removal. Such 
desires, however, have not as yet been intimated, 
consequently its publication is still continued at 
Circleville, and its patronage far indeed beneath 
vi^hat it really should be. Perhaps at the present 
time, there are nearly eight hundred subscribers . 
We have thus sketched out the whole matter con 
nected with the German paper, that the reader 
might take a general view at once. 

With this year closed the earthly pilgrimage of 
Francis Whitcom. T. J. Babcoke writes as follows 
concerning his death, under date of December 26th, 
1846: — 

" Brother F. Whitcom is dead ! He reached home 
after nearly a month's journey, and took his room, 
and left it no more until his death, which occurred 
on the 16th day of the present month. I saw him 
a few days before his death. He said, 'all is well.'* 
He now lies in a grave-yard within one mile and a 
half of Elkhart village, Elkhart county, Indiana." 

We must now bring up another subject connected 
with the history of Brethrenism in the year 1846, 
before we close this chapter. It is the great Church 
trial in Baltimore, Md. 

That the reader may understand the nature and 
extent of this trial, it may be proper to remark as is 
intimated elsewhere, that Wm. Gtterbein took 
charge of an independent congregation in the city 
of Baltimore, about the year 1774, and continued as 
the regular preacher thereof, until his death ; and 



1846 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 307 

since his death, said congregation has been regular- 
ly supplied with preachers from the Brethren Church; 
though said congregation's corporate name, is 
" German Evangelical Reformed Church," diifering 
from the German Reformed Church, by the term 
*^ Evangelical." 

In February 1840, a petition was filed in the 
Baltimore county court, in the name of J. J. Meyer, 
Jacob Bier and Luther RatclifFe, setting forth what 
they declared under oath, to be true, to the best of 
their knowledge, that the Church above alluded to, 
was, and of right ought to be, a regular German R. 
Church — that Wm. Otterbein was a member of 
said Church, in regular standing, until his death. 
That since the death of Otterbein^ there had been 
an usurped dominion exercised over said congrega- 
tion, by the "so styled Conference of the ' United 
Brethren in Christ.' " The petitioners therefore 
pray that the court by a due course of law, cause 
a regular election of a pastor, to be held bj^^ said 
congregation — that such pastor shall be chosen 
" as the pastor of the German Evangelical Reform- 
ed Church, and subject to the government of the 
German Reformed Church." The petitioners fur- 
ther shew, " That the persons who claim to be El- 
ders and Trustees of the congregation, are Lewis 
Wise, George Kraft, J. Messersmith and G. Sickel, 
Elders; and, G. Rosgaw, E. Wigand, C.Kile and F. 
Kraft, Trustees, and that the said John Russel is 
minister thereof; to all of whom your petitioners. 



^8 HISTORY OF THE CHUECH OF 1846 

pray that these may be issued this court's writ of 
mandamus," * &c.,&c. 

In compliance with the above petition, the court 
on the 27th day of April, 1840, order that the Elders^ 
Trustees and Ministers of the Otterbein Church in 
the city of Baltimore, show cause on Monday, the 
11th day of May next, why the prayer of the peti- 
tioners should not be granted. 

The case was accordingly tried, and resulted in 
the entire failure of the petitioners — they having 
the cost of suit to meet, of course. 

In the Summer of 1842, some two or three mem- 
bers of the vestry were expelled from the Church, in 
consequence of immoral conduct — two or three 
more resigned their office, and left the Church. The 
vacancies thus occasioned, were all regularly filled. 
The German Reformed Church having failed in get- 
ting a preacher placed over Otterbein Church by 
law — a new project was now set afloat. The ex- 
pelled and withdrawn members of the vestry, 
turn round and declare themselves the true vestry of 
the Church — employ Samuel Gutdius, of Get- 
tysburg, Pa., belonging to the German Reformed 
Church — come and break open the Church, and this 
Rev. Gentleman ascends the pulpit to do battle for 
the Lord. Here an out-break took place, — the 
civil authorities interfered, and the house was locked 
up by the Sheriff", and another suit, under a new as- 
pect, was commenced, i. e. to determine which party 
was legally the vestry of the Church. The Church 

* Mandamus. Law. Lat. " We order" — A writ which issues to a 
corporation, commanding them to restore or admit a person to an office. 



1846 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 309 

was locked up October 5th, 1842, and a long and 
yery tedious suit commenced, which lasted until No- 
vember 1846. J. Erb was the regular pastor of the 
congregation during this protracted suit. 

On the 12 day of November, 1846, his Honor, 
Judge John C. Legrant, who presided in the Balti- 
more court, filed his opinion, not granting the pray- 
er of the plaintiff, for several reasons set forth in 
said document, and ordered judgment to be given 
in favor of defendants, — J. Erb and others. On 
the 18th of same month, the long shut doors of the 
Otterbein Church, were once more opened. In the 
language of one of the members, " The sisters and 
some of the brethren, were soon on the spot, clean- 
ing, scouring and sweeping, preparing the church 
for Sabbath services. While in the midst of the 
work, Bro. J. Russel our beloved Bishop, and lady, 
made their appearance in the Church, as if by a 
wink from above. Here was joy upon joy. 

On Sunday morning, the long silenced bells began 
to ring once more, inviting friend and foe, as in days 
gone by, to come to the house of the Lord. This 
was a solemn hour ; as far as the sound of those 
bells could be heard, you could see old and young, 
white and black, standing in the doors, or looking 
out of the windows, gazing towards the spire of 
Otterbein's Church. 

The morning hour was improved by Bro. Erb, 
(who, his enemies said, should never enter the pul- 
pit of that Church, again,) his text was, ' Offer un- 
to God thanksgiving, and pay thy vows unto the 



310 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1846 

Most High ; and call upon me in the day of trouble, 
I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify me.' — 
Psalms 50: 14, 15. Bro. Russel preached at 3 
o'clock, P. M. ' Say ye to the righteous it shall be 
well with him, for they shall eat the fruit of their 
doings,' — Isaiah 3: 10." Thus ended a long and 
tedious trial. 

Before we close this chapter, we will relate an an- 
ecdote, that actually occurred during the progress 
of the above named trial. Prior to the commence- 
ment of the suit, the Church had been thoroughly 
repaired. A new pulpit of modern style and con- 
venience, had taken the place of the old one, which 
was set to one side in the church-yard. The Church 
now being locked up, and quite a jealousy existing 
between the ejected parties ; J. Russel went to the 
city, and announced through the city papers, that 
no preventing Providence, he would preach in 
Otterbein's pulpit the following Sabbath, at a speci- 
fied hour. Excitement was now all on tip-toe ! 
Have the civil authorities opened the Church ? or 
will that stubborn man break it open himself? 
What does this mean? Preach in Otterbein's pulpit ? 
In the mean time, Russel had stationed the old pul- 
pit close to the wall of the church-yard, elevated 
some six feet above the pavement. At an early 
hour on Sabbath morning, crowds gathered around 
the closed Church, wondering what would be the 
result of the published appointment. When the 
appointed hour arrived, the old fox with his long 
and sturdy form, and usually dignified appear- 



1846 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 311 



ance, came moving slowly out of the parsonage — 
ascended the old pulpit, and preached a street ser- 
mon to a large congregation, of very attentive, yet 
much disappointed hearers, 



312 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH 6F 



CHAPTER XII. 



FROM JANUARY 1847, TO JANUARY 1848. 



Conferences of 1847 — Opposition to Colleges — death of Smaltz and 
Kramer — The effects of the Mexican war — A Church constituted 
in Philadelphia, Pa. 

This year, fourteen Annual Conferences were 
held. 

The first in the order of time, was Indiana — met 
at Mt. Lebanon Meeting-house, Harrison county, 
la., January 7th. Bishop Russel was detained at 
Dayton, Ohio, in consequence of high water, and 
did not reach the Conference. J. Lopp was elected 
Bishop pro tern, and B. Abbott to assist. 

White River met in Washington, Wayne county, 
la., January 18th. Bishop Russel presided, D. Sto- 
ver to assist. James Witt, member of this Confer- 
ence — a faithful and devoted minister, departed 
this life during the last Conference year. 

Miami met at Lewisburg, Preble county, Ohio, 
January 26th. Bishop Russel presided, assisted by 
H. Kumler Sen. 

Allegheny met at Mt Pleasant, Pa., February 
4th. Wm. Hanby presided, assisted by John Wal- 
lace. J. Sypher and J. Zumbro, members of this 
Conference, died during this year. This Conference 
at the present session, resolved to locate an institu- 



1847 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 313 

tion of learning somewhere within its bounds, as 
may be hereafter designated. A committee of five 
was appointed to make the location, subject to a 
decision of Conference J. Ritter was appointed 
traveling agent, to solicit funds for said school. 

Sandusky met February 8th. Bishop Russel pre- 
sided, S. Long assisted. This Conference agreed to 
co-operate with the Scioto Conference in sustaining 
the Blendon Young Men's Seminary, and appointed 
D. P. Hurlbut, J. Berger and P. Flack, Trustees ; 
J. Berger was appointed traveling Agent, to collect 
funds for the school ; Wm. L. Smith, Ezra Crary and 
Lawrence Easterly, died during the last year. 

Virginia met in Mt. Hebron Church, Washington 
county, Md., February 18th. J. J. Glossbrenner 
and Wm. Hanby, Bishops, present. R. Nyhizer and 
J. Gibbons, deceased daring last year. Conference 
awarded to them the praise of having been pious 
and gifted — they died, it was said, in great peace. 
This Conference passed a resolution, to take into 
consideration, the propriety of publishing within its 
own bounds, a religious paper — the Telescope con- 
taining so much abolition doctrine, that it did harm 
rather than good, in the bounds of the Virginia 
Conference. Nothing since, however, has been done, 
unless it was merely to consider the matter, 

Muskingum met in Union Chapel, Stark county, 
Ohio, February 18th. J. Russel presided, A. Biddle 
to assist. Jacob Stambaugh died during the last 
year, in full assurance of a glorious rest above. 
C onference sympathized with his afiiicted family. 



314 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1847 

East Pennsylvania met in Lebanon county, Pa., 
March 4th. Wm. Hanby presided, assisted by C. 
S. Crider. 

Pennsylvania met at Hershe's station, March 1 1th. 
Bishop Russel and Hanby were both present. I. 
Potter and J. B. Resler of the Allegheny Confer- 
ence, attended this Conference, for the purpose of 
securing the co-operation of the Pennsylvania Con- 
ference, in establishing and sustaining a Sem- 
inary to be located in the bounds of said Allegheny 
Conference, in view of which the following resolu- 
tions were passed: 

" Resolved, That this Conference is not only op- 
posed to erecting an institution of learning in the 
Allegheny Conference, but also opposed to the 
Blendon Seminary." 

'■'■Resolved, That this Conference is also opposed 
to the institution of learning contemplated by the 
Virginia Conference." 

These resolutions we insert, that in future years 
it maybe seen, what opposition existed in portions of 
the Brethren Church against colleges ; and yet it is 
due to this Conference to say, that the members did not 
wish to be understood as opposing education ; but 
they regarded the spiritual death and formality of 
many of the Churches extant, as the legitimate re- 
sult of a collegiate education in the ministry ; and 
they feared that the same results would be manifest 
in the Brethren Church. However unsound we 
conceive this position to be, yet the members of this 
Conference, were doubtless honest in their senti? 
ments. 



1847 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 315 

Iowa met in Louisa county, Iowa, August 26th. 
Wm. Hanby presided. 

Illinois met at Lexington, McLean county, 111., 
September 9th. Wm. Hanby presided. R.P.Wil- 
lis died during the last Conference year. 

Wabash met in Otterbein Church, Coles county, 
111., September 23d. Wm. Hanby presided, assisted 
by J. Hoobler. The death of John C. McNamer 
was entered upon the Conference journal — died in 
November last — aged sixty-seven years. He en- 
tered the ministry when young ; and was for many 
years a faithful and talented expounder of the word 
of the Lord. He was regarded as a man of strong 
powers of mind in the days of his manhood — 
though quite broken down and worn out for a num- 
ber of years prior to his death. 

St. Joseph met in Berrien, Michigan, October 7th. 
Wm. Hanby presided, E. H. Lamb chairman. F. 
Whitcom's death was entered upon the journal.* 

Scioto met in Cynthian, Pike county, O., October 
28th. Wm. Hanby presided, E. Vandemark chair- 
man. 

Three of the ministers of the Scioto Conference 
were called to rest from their labors, during this 
year. The first in the order of time, was John 
Smaltz, who departed this life July the 1st, in the 
seventy-first year of his age. He was one of the 
German pioneers of the West — had labored in the 
ministry for thirty five years — was successful in 

* See notice in last chapter. 



316 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1847 

winning souls to Christ, — honored his profession, 
and died in peace. 

Also, Johial Conn, died Angust 28th, in the tri- 
umphs of living faith. Bro. Conn had labored but 
a few years in the ministry — was cut down in the 
meridian of life. 

Lewis Cramer died September the 17th ; aged 
sixty-nine years. He labored thirty-five years in 
the ministry as opportunity served. Like many of 
the German Fathers, he labored and traveled much 
without pecuniary reward for his services. The 
Lord blessed him with a goodly share of worldly 
goods, and he proved himself a faithful steward. 
Notwithstanding, he labored free of charge, he was 
always ready with his means, to assist the poor and 
needy. His house always proved a home to the way- 
worn pilgrim. Many of our traveling preachers 
will long remember the kind treatment received in 
his hospitable dwelling He rests from his labors. 

During this year, the whole nation was immersed 
more or less, in the spirit of war. A bloodly war 
was kept up between the United States and Mexico, 
in which harder battles were fought, and perhaps 
more lives lost, than in the American Revolution. 

This state of things affected materially the interests 
of Zion. Recruiting officers were found in all the 
towns and villages from Maine to Georgia, on week 
day and Sunday, beating up for volunteers. The 
Church, to a very great extent, drank in the same 
spirit. Many church members, and even officers, 
such as leaders, exhorters, stewards, &c., volunteered 



1847 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 317 

to go to the field of carnage. Iii one or two instan- 
ces, preachers of the Brethren Church volunteered, 
and actually went. One of them fell in the field of 
battle. In view of this state of things, it may well 
be imagined, that this year was not replete 
with the out-pourings of the Holy Ghost. There 
were some few revivals in the Church ; but compar- 
atively, they were few, and not very extensive. The 
sph'it of war, and the weekly news from the scenes 
of deadly strife appeared to absorb all other in- 
terests. 

With this year, dates the commencement of Breth- 
renism in Philadelphia, Pa. A gentleman in the 
above named city, by the name of Norcross, became 
acquainted to some extent, with J. Emrick, then 
stationed in Cincinnati; a correspondence was com- 
menced, touching the doctrines and usages of the 
Brethren Church — connected too, in this corres- 
pondence, was the name of J. W. Bonewell, then 
pastor of a small congregation in the city, of Amer- 
ican Primitive Methodists. This flock with its pas- 
tor, was desirous of finding some christian denomi- 
nation, with doctrines and government in accord- 
ance with their own, with whom they might unite. 
Brother Emrick forwarded them a discipline of the 
Brethren Church ; and this little silent missionary, 
was handed around from one to another, and read 
with interest and delight. Accordingly, Bro. Bone- 
well attended the Pennsylvania Conference, and for 
himself and in behalf of the Church, requested that 
the Church with its preacher, might be received into 



318 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1847 

the Brethren connection. Conference appointed 
George Miller, to visit and hold a few meetings with 
the preacher and his people, and if in his opinion, 
they were found worthy in walk and doctrine, he 
should receive them, and proceed at once to organ- 
ize a United Brethren Church in the city. The fol- 
lowing is Bro. Miller's own report touching that 
visit: 

" According to the act of Conference, I went to 
Philadelphia — started on good Friday, in the after- 
noon — was kindly received at the cars, by brother 
Bonewell ; stayed with the very kind friends until 
the following Wednesday morning. I tried to preach 
several times, and organized a Church of thirty-five 
members. Brother Bonewell has charge until next 
Conference. To the honor of God, and his cause, 
I must say, I think he has at least a little flock in 
this city." 

At the ensuing Conference, J. S. Kessler was ap- 
pointed to the city. His labors have been blessed 
in the conversion and accession to the Church, of 
many souls. There has been a good church-house 
erected, and prospects fair for the Church, in the 
city of brotherly kindness. 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 319 



CHAPTER XIII. 



FROM JANUARY 1848, TO JANUARY 1849. 



Conferences of 1848 — Death of W. Hastings, and J. Lehman — Re- 
vivals of religion — City of Nauvoo — Opposition from secret com- 
binations. 

Fourteen Annual Conferences convened this year, 
five of which changed to a fall session, and met again 
this fall. 

First in the order of time, was the Miami, which 
held its session in Miltonville, Butler county, Ohio, 
January 6th. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, assis- 
ted by Henry Kumler Sen. David Kiser, member 
of this Conference, died within the last year. 

Virginia met at Churchville, Augusta county, Va., 
January 27th. Bishop Russel presided, assisted by 
H. Burtner. 

Indiana met in Orange county, January 20th. 
Bishop Glossbrenner presided. Wm. Foot died 
during the last year. 

White River met at White Chapel, Madison coun- 
ty, ia. , February 3d. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, 
J. A. Ball elected assistant. 

Sandusky met at Bretz's Church, near Melmore, 
Ohio, February 17th. Bishops Glossbrenner and 
Hanby were present — Glossbrenner having charge. 
This Conference resolved more than ever, to unite 



320 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1848 

its energies in raising funds, soliciting pupils, and 
using all laudable means to promote the interests of 
the Otterbein University. It reports 169 classes, 
458 net increase, and 2907 communicants within its 
bounds. 

Allegheny met in Jefferson, Cambria county, Pa., 
and was opened and conducted by Bishop Russel, 
J. R. Sitman elected chairman. It was resolved, 
that the committee go forward to build a good plain, 
brick building, for a seminary, to be erected at Mt. 
Pleasant, Pa. 

East Pennsylvania met at Millerstown, Lebanon 
county, Pa. J. Russel Bishop, presided, assisted by 
C. Pefley. This Conference passed important res- 
olutions in favor of Sabbath-schools and missionary 
operations. Sermons were to be preached, and 
collections taken for the latter, and every laudable 
effort put forth to promote the former. 

Muskingum convened at Connotton, Harrison 
county, Ohio, March 3d. Bishop Glossbrenner pre- 
sided, J. Todd assisted. Conference resolved with- 
out a dissenting vote, to co-operate with the Scioto 
and Sandusky Annual Conferences, in sustaining 
the Otterbein University, and three Trustees were 
appointed in behalf of this Conference. 

Pennsylvania met at Littlestown, Adams county. 
Pa., March 2d. J. Russel Bishop presided, J. Erb 
appointed to assist. 

Iowa met at J. Shiveley's, in Henry county, Iowa, 
September 1st. Wm. Hanby presided, C. Troup as- 
sisted. The Conference resolved itself into a mis- 



1848 THE UNITED BRETHREN EN CHRIST. 321 

sionary society, and appointed H. S. Denham Treas- 
urer ; and made it the duty of each traveling 
preacher, to preach missionary sermons, and take 
up annual collections for missionary purposes. 

Illinois met in Fulton county, 111., September 8th. 
Wm. Hanby presided, J. Denham assisted. 

Wabash met at Cross Roads Meeting-house, Ver- 
million county, la., September 21st. Wm. Hanby 
presided, J. Griffith chairman. 

St. Joseph convened at Jefferson, Clinton county, 
la., September 28th. Wm. Hanby presided, J. 
Fetterhoff chairman. 

Scioto met at Pleasant Hill Church, Fairfield 
county, Ohio, October 19th. Wm. Hanby presided, 
assisted by E. Vandemark. 

Having sketched out the regular sessions of the 
fourteen Annual Conferences for this year, we shall 
briefly notice the sessions of five of the above 
which were changed from spring to fall, and 
consequently had two sessions this year. This 
change was made in tjonsequence of high waters 
and bad roads — usual in the spring season, and 
which often prevented members from getting to 
Conference. 

Miami met in Farmersville, Montgomery county, 
Ohio, September 20th. Bishop Glossbrenner presi- 
ded, assisted by H. Kumler Sen. 

Indiana met in Zion Chapel, Dearborn county, la., 
September 28th. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, H. 
Bonebrake . assisted. This Conference prayed the 
22 



322 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1848 

next General Conference, to establish a mission in 
Oregon. 

White River met at Kingdom Chapel, Shelby 
county, la., October 6th. J.J. Glossbrenner presid- 
ed, D. Stover assisted. 

Sandusky met October 20th, in Lucas county, O. 
Bishop Glossbrenner presided, J. Davis chairman. 
This Conference prayed the next General Confer- 
ence, to establish a mission in Oregon. Numbers 
196 classes, 451 net increase, and 3250 members. 

Muskingum met in Stark county, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 2d. Bishop Glossbrenner presided, J. S. Todd 
chairman. 

With this yearj closed the earthly pilgrimage of 
two aged ministers of the gospel, of the Scioto An- 
nual Conference, to wit: Wm. Hastings and Jacob 
Lehman. 

The first in the order of time, was Father Has- 
tings. He died in peace, on the 17th of February, 
1848, in the seventieth year of his age. He was a 
native of New Hampshire — married at the age 
of twenty-four, and settled in Vermont, where he 
embraced religion ; and though he joined no Church,^ 
he would often hold religious meetings, and exhort 
the people to repent and be religious. In 1813, he 
emigrated to Ohio, and some years afterwards, join- 
ed the Methodist Church, in which he sustained for 
some ten years, the relation of member and minister. 
Some twenty years prior to his death, he joined the 
Brethren Church, and traveled a, number of years 
in the itinerant ranks, until age and infirmity com- 



1848 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 323 

pelled him to locate. As a distinguished and talent- 
ed minister. Father Hastings will long be remem- 
bered by those with whom he labored and worship- 
ed. He became the father of Brethrenism in his 
own neighborhood; and stood as a pillar in the 
Chm^ch. He possessed a sound and well matured 
judgment, and his counsel among the brethren, was 
highly appreciated. 

During his last illness, he was often heard to 
complain of himself, for not having preached more. 

On one occasion, he said — " If I had my life to 
live over, I would preach as long as I could speak ten 
minutes at a time." At another time, he said — '' O 
Royal," addressing his son, " let not the love of the 
world prevent you from preaching the gospel-" 

He bequeathed one hundred dollars to the Home 
Missionary Society, and the interest of one hund- 
red for ten years, to support Brethren preaching 
nearest to his residence. 

Jacob Lehman died May 30th, in full assurance 
of a blessed immortality, in the ninetieth year of 
his age. He was for many years a minister in the 
Brethren Church — of unimpeachable character — 
possessing at all times a full assurance of the prom- 
ised inheritance. He was a man of a very strong 
constitution, and did not appear to have any par- 
ticular disease when he died. The lamp of life ap- 
peared to burn weaker and weaker still, until it finally 
went out, and permitted the spirit to soar to other, 
and more heavenly regions. 

During this year j there were some interesting re- 



324 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1848 

vivals of religion in various portions of the Church. 
In the West, the work was much enlarged — doors 
were opened in every direction for our Western 
Missionaries. In Illinois, Wisconsin and Iowa, 
there were many souls born into the kingdom of 
grace. The spirit of war, by which the nation and 
the church too, had been so much excited, was now 
beginning to subside . The dreadful consequences 
of a bloody war, were now beginning to react up on 
the nation generally, and many bereaved families 
particularly. Hundreds of bereaved ones at home, 
who had in vain been looking for the return of be- 
loved friends, who had gone to fight a distant foe, and 
whose bones were now being bleached by the rains of 
heaven, turned their hearts to a fruitful source of 
joy and gladness. They sought — they found the 
Saviour. In other States too, God was sought 
and found to the joy of many hearts. In the Miami 
Valley especially, there were interesting revivals of 
religion. J. Coons writing from this region of 
country, in speaking of a protracted effort says: 

" It seems to me, that I never did see a better 
meeting, for deep convictions, bright conversions 
and unwavering perseverence on the part of the 
preachers and members. They reminded me of the 
motto of the Spartans in their wars, which was 
" victory or death." These brethren seemed bound 
to push the battle to the very gates of the enemy. 
The number of conversions I cannot give. The 
number which have united with the Church in the 



1848 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 325 

last few weeks, is one hundred and two. May the 
Lord bless and keep them faithful until death." 

The Mormons having been dispersed from the 
city of Nauvoo, after the death — the unwarranta- 
ble death of their prophet Joseph Smith, quite a 
door of usefulness for the brethren, was opened in 
that desolated city. Emigration thitherward for the 
time being, was almost without a precedent. Hun- 
dreds of well finished houses were found in the city, 
free of any other rent, than that of merely taking 
care of the premises. The author visited this city 
during this year, and found quite a society, which 
had, under the labors of Bro. J. Terrel, bfeen very 
recently formed. During this year, however, a sad 
misfortune befel the city, in the destruction by fire, 
of the great Mormon Temple. This was the work 
of an incendiary, and has resulted in the destruction 
of the Mormon city. There was nothing left to at- 
tract public attention. Churches, to a considerable 
extent, went down, — business men left the place, 
and public enterprise was prostrated. This was an 
unfortunate event. The Temple might have been 
converted into one of the finest college edifices in 
the United States. 

In and near Carlisle, Pa., there was a great re- 
vival of religion. The work become general ; va- 
rious churches having participated. 

On Huntingdon circuit, Allegheny Conference, 
there was considerable of revival influence. Bro. 
Stephenson writes, that at a protracted effort, there 



326 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1848 

were forty hopeful conversions. Bro. Benjamin 
Stickley of the Virginia Conference, writes: 

" In the latter part of October, I commenced a 
meeting, which lasted five days, and resulted in the 
conversion of twenty souls, and the organization of 
a new class of the same number. One hundred 
and twenty have been added to the Church since I 
came on Franklin circuit." 

During this, and also last year, our Society has 
been made to feel deeply the influences of persecu- 
tion, on account of the stand the Church for many 
years had taken in relation to secret societies. Ma- 
sonry, in its original aspect, never, to any extent at 
least, condescended to persecute the Church for the 
conscientious stand it had taken in reference to 
worldly associations ; but an association called 
" The Sons of Temperance," shielding all the justly 
objectionable features of secret combinations, be- 
hind the laudable enterprise of promoting temper- 
ance, were by no means sparing in their denuncia- 
tions of the Brethren Church, as " being opposed to 
temperance.^'' This move connecting as it did, a 
cause loved and cherished by the pious and the 
good of all christian churches, with secret grips, 
counter signs and pass words, all of which features 
are more characteristic of war, than a universal 
brotherhood; and justly opposed by respectable 
portions in all communities, has proved fatal to the 
cause of temperance. The Brethren Church was 
a temperance Church before this order had a being, 
and it will still be a temperance Church when the 



1848 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 327 

Sons will be numbered with the things that are past. 
The Brethren Church had grown grey in the cause 
of temperance, long before the Sons were born. 



328 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 



CHAPTER XIV, 



FROM JANUARY 1849, TO JANUARY 1850. 



Annual Conferences of 1849 — General Conference of the same year 
— Discussion on Slavery — Discussion on Secret Societies — 
Election of Bishops. 

Fourteen Annual, and one General Conference 
were held in the year 1849. We shall briefly sketch 
the Annual Conferences first, or rather those which 
were held in the spring. 

Allegheny met in Johnstown, Cambria county, Pa., 
January 4th. Bishop Russel presided, assisted by 
J. R. Sitman. Nathaniel Black was elected traveling 
agent for the contemplated institution of learning. 

Virginia met near Hagerstown, Md., January 25th. 
Bishop Russel and Glossbrenner were present, Rus- 
sel having charge. 

East Pennsylvania convened in Myerstown, Leb- 
anon county. Pa., February 14th. J. Russel presi- 
ded, assisted by C.S. Crider. 

Pennsylvania met in Franklin county. Pa., Febru- 
ary 28th . Bishop Russel presided, J. Erb assistant. 
The Baltimore German Missionary Society, donated 
to this Conference, eight dollars per month, the 
coming year, for missionary purposes. There has 
been quite a religious interest manifested during the 
winter and spring of this year, upon the part of the 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 329 

membership; and quite a general awakening among 
the unconverted. The ministers have made mani- 
fest improvement in the promotion of missionary 
operations. Upon the whole, there appears to be a 
more systematic state of things in all the operations 
of the Church. 

Having sketched briefly the Conferences which 
held their sessions in the spring of this year, we are 
brought in our connection, as to time, to the Gene- 
ral, which claims our attention next, after which we 
shall notice the rest of the Conference sessions. 

The tenth General Conference of the Church of 
the United Brethren in Christ, convened at German- 
town, Montgomery county, Ohio, May 14th, 1849. 
J. Russel, J. J. Glossbrenner, and Wm. Hanby, Bish- 
ops, were present. Conference was called to order 
by Wm, Hanby, who opened the same, by reading 
a chapter, and addressing a throne of grace. J. 
Russel addressed the Conference in German, and J. 
J. Glossbrenner in the English. The names of the 
following delegates were called, and took their seats, 
to wit: 

Pennsylvania Conference — J. Erb, Geo. Miller, J. 
Fohl. 

East Pa. Conference — C. Pefley, J. Roop,D. Gin- 
gerich. 

Virginia Conference — H. Burtner, J. Bechtel, 
J. Markwood. 

Allegheny Conference — J. B. Resler, J. R. Sit- 
man, Wm. Beighel.] 



330 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

Muskingum Conference — S. C. Steward, A. S. 
Wade, J. Todd, 

Scioto Conference — J. Montgomery, D. Edwards, 
M. Ambrose. 

Sandusky Conference — A. Spracklin, H, G. Spayth, 
J. C. Bright. 

Miami Conference — W. R. Rhinehart, W. Davis,. 
H. Kumler Jr. 

Indiana Conference — Henry Bonebrake, L. S, 
Chittenden, John Lopp. 

* Illinois Conference — Josiah Terrel. 

Wabash Conference — J. Hoobler, J. P. Shuey, J.. 
Griffith. 

White River Conference — Daniel Stover, W. W.- 
Richardson, C. W. Witt. 

St, Joseph Conference — J. Thomas, J. M. Her- 
shey,E. H. Lamb. 

The election of Officers for the Telescope Office,, 
was next gone into, with the following result: 

Trustees — Jonathan Dresbach, Geo. Dresbach 
andWm. Leist. 

Editor of Busy Martha — David Strickler. 

Editor of Telescope — Wm. Hanby. 

Publishing Agent — Nehemiah Altman. 

The Conference, after attending to considerable 
business not of any interest to the General reader, 
next went into an election of Bishops, which resul- 
ted in the choice of Jacob Erb, J. J. Glossbrenner 
and David Edwards. The next subject which is of 

* Two delegates absent from this Conference. 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHREN Df CHRIST. 331 

any special interest to the reader, was a very inter- 
esting and quite excited discussion on secret combi- 
nations, and perhaps we cannot better give the 
views of the Church, than by copying the arguments 
as furnished by the reporter, and giving the descisive 
vote of that body. Here they are, they may speak 
for themselves . 

" Br. C. W. Witt, chairman of the committee on se- 
cret combinations, presented the following report. 

'• Free Masonry, in every sense of the word, 
shall be totally prohibited, and there shall be no 
connection with secret combinations ; (a secret com- 
bination is one whose initiatory ceremony is a secret,) 
and any member found connected with such societ}', 
shall be affectionately admonished by the preacher 
in charge, twice or thrice, and if such member does 
not desist in a reasonable time, he shall be notified 
to appear before the tribunal to which he is amena- 
ble : and if he still refuses to desist, he shall be ex- 
pelled from the Church."' 

Upon a motion to adopt the above report, the fol- 
lowing arguments were presented: 

Bro. Bechtel opposed the passage. He might be 
alone in this matter ; this was no difference to him. 
He had reasons for opposing the measure : he was 
no milk and water man, and neither afraid nor 
ashamed to advance his sentiments He said the 
report included all secret orders . He W8.s not much 
if at all, opposed to Masonry — could not, and 
would not turn a man out of the church, or refuse 
him admittance into the church on account of his 
being a Mason. The Odd Fellows are of ancient 



332 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

origin, instituted in the days of Julius Caesar, a 
branch having broken off, were styled the I . O . of 
O . F. He could not turn them out or reject them. 
The object of the Sons of Temperance is noble, 
grand and benevolent. They put down distillation, 
and have done much good. The poor " Sons," 
have much opposition, by grogsellers, distillers, 
moderate drinkers, and ministers. Their secrecy 
was no ground of objection. We must have se- 
crets between confidential friends, families, &c. 
The disciples had secrets — warriors had secrets, 
(the countersign,) — the church had secrets — an- 
nual conferences have secrets — sometimes it was 
necessary to have secret sessions of conference, and 
ought to have more such. Those societies must 
have secrets . It is urged against these societies, 
that it is wrong to unite with the wicked. The 
apostle uses the command, " come out from among 
the wicked ^^^ in a qualified sense, we must not unite 
in lying, swearing, &c. They were doing good in 
Virginia, many drunkards were reformed. 

Bro. Witt was in favor of the resolution. If he 
thought it necessary, he would enter into the moral 
bearing of the question, but he thought it unneces- 
sary. The constitution and resolution were in per- 
fect accordance. If the interest of the church (^r 
cause of God should demand it, he would adduce 
arguments . 

Bro. Markwood thought, that until we were con- 
vinced that Secret Societies looked at the violation 
of intellectual, spiritual, moral, physical or civil 
law, to any extent whatever, we had no right to leg- 
islate in regard to them. Upon which he dwelt 
more particularly than upon any other thing. 

Bro . Thomas understood Brs . Bechtel and Mark- 
wood to be satisfied with our discipline as it is, and 
yet they urge that we have no right to legislate on 
this matter, because we knew nothing about Secret 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHEEN IN CHRIST. 333 

Societies. This, in his opinion, was a prime reason 
why we should legislate upon it. If there is any 
good in them, they will not allow us to investigate 
that good, until we join them — for his part he was 
unwilling to risk burning his fingers . As world- 
lings they were welcome to enjoy the privileges of 
those Societies, but it was unsafe as christians. 
Look at the result in other branches of the church ; 
they were rent in pieces. We had no dissensions, 
but were at peace from shore to shore. He related 
an anecdote of a person who said, " the United 
Brethren were the strangest people he ever saw ; 
they opposed every thing but religion.''^ The United 
Brethren from their infancy, took their peculiar 
stand — let the world have their institutions, but 
let us stand to the old land-marks . 

Bro. Miller said, our church had been misrepresen- 
ted, he hoped unintentionally. The church had 
been represented as a Secret Society. We had no 
secrets such as referred to, and he did not want the 
church misrepresented. 

Bro. Hanby gave his definition of Secret Societies 
as being " any Society that cannot live when its 
password or secret is divulged." Take away all 
our secrets as a church, (if we have any,) and we 
still live and prosper. At the expiration of two 
years, it would be easier to legislate on this matter 
than now ; and it was easier now than two years 
ago. They^ (the Secret Societies) will of them- 
selves fall to the ground. They have taken the dry 
rot. It is urged that we should not oppose them, 
from the circumstance that we are ignorant of their 
secrets, &c. Strange logic! Must we receive an 
applicant into the ministry because he is a stranger 
and refuses to give his views on theology ? It had 
been asserted that we were afraid to legislate in re- 
lation to matters now under consideration. He re- 
pudiated the assertion; the United Brethren need not 



334 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

be ashamed to promulgate their principles any where. 
It was said, the object of the Sons of Temperance 
was a laudable one; it was not so much the object 
we oppose as the modus operandi of obtaining that 
object. The Temperance cause had become wed- 
ded to di, prodigal '■^ Son .^^ Benevolence had been 
claimed for the Order. It was very selfish benevo- 
lence. It shuts the doors against the proper object 
of benevolence, and deprives the poor, the maimed, 
the halt and the blind from its fostering protection . 
They must pay the money in, before they can draw 
it out. The influence of these combinations were 
deleterious to the cause of Christianity. The 
church member belonging to them, leaves his class 
room to join in conclave or procession, with the Mo- 
hammedan, the Jew, or the Infidel. That tie binds 
him more closely than Christianity . Paul exhorts 
us not to be unequally yoked together with unbe- 
lievers ; yet the christian and infidel are here recog- 
nized as true yoke-fellows, and they pass by the 
place of worship to attend the lodges and process- 
ions . He had been informed by ministers of sister 
churches, that these institutions were robbing the 
very vitals of their Christianity . A member present 
of talent, piety and veracity, has withdrawn from 
conscientious scruples from one of these societies, 
inconsequence of its deleterious influence. Why 
was this if it was a good institution ? 

Bro. Kumler was strongly in favor of the resolu- 
tion . He would assume new grounds . His start- 
ing point was, that the church of God is adapted to 
the entire wants of man everywhere and at all times 
— in it dwells the Divine presence — the pillar of 
cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night — a 
wall on either hand while passing through deep 
waters — bread while traveling through the wilder- 
ness — the covenant between God and man — the 
shew-bread — manna — Aaron's budding rod — and 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 335 

God's ministry to reform the world . In the church 
are the influences to convert the world. But it was 
objected that the church had become corrapt. If 
so, the institutions of Ahab and Jezebel will only 
make it worse . He went for the resolation because, 
1st, Secret Societies divert the mind from the church 
and defeat its designs (1) in reference to the time 
demanded in attendance at the lodges . (2) in refer- 
ence to the money which must be expended. (3) in 
reference to stealing away the affections . He felt 
in this matter ; it came near home. His own rela- 
tions were affected by it . They used to be punctual 
in their attendance at divine worship ; now they 
passed it by to attend the lodges, they had their best 
and strongest affections. His 2nd argument in fa- 
vor of the resolution and against secret combina- 
tions, was, they cause prejudices in the church. 
He supposed a case : — He was the father of seve- 
ral boys, these boys every day go into a secret 
chamber at a particular hour ; my suspicion be- 
comes excited. I enquire, "boys, what are you 
doing in secret every day ?" They report, "noth- 
ing of any harm, father." Have I not reason to 
suspect something wrong ? But I see their enemies 
and mine, regularly in attendance with them, have I 
not still greater reasons to fear that all is not right ? 
Such is the case with members of the churches in 
connection with infidels and universalists . There 
is danger. Let us sound the tocsin of alarm. 
These Societies create an unnatural climate for 
the christian. Remove him from his proper cli- 
mate, and he cannot grow. It removes him too far 
north, and the climate is too cold. It makes him 
worldly-minded, and we have too much of that spir- 
it now. The Bible forbids secret combinations. 
They acknowledge they are not even auxiliaries to 
religion, and yet they carry the Bible in their pro- 
cessions. What solemn mockery ! In Mohamme- 



336 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

dan countries they would carry the Koran. What a 
spotted leopard it is. The world loves Secret Soci- 
eties, and the world " will have its own.^'' Let chris- 
tians stand aloof. 

Bro. Wade, had tried calmly to weigh the argu- 
ments on both sides ; he would not throw a straw in 
the way of his opponents. He felt that it was a 
subject of thrilling interest to every good citizen, 
and especially to christians. Was acquainted with 
the by-laws of the Sons of Temperance ; had been 
a firm temperance man for 16 years, but had no 
connection with secret combinations. Those who 
charged us with opposition to temperance, because 
we opposed the order, were ungenerous. It was 
untrue. He thought there was more assumed in 
taking the name than merely temperance. Secret 
Societies had become very unpopular, and they had 
to append the popular phrase, " temperance," to 
draw in the unsuspecting, and give character to 
their disguised Masonry. The Washingtonians had 
in a great measure, been instrumental in the reform, 
and the " Sons" were running away with the credit. 
It reminded him of a prophecy (the original design 
of which he would not now stop to inquire,) in 
Isaiah 4: 1; " In that day seven women shall take 
hold of one man, saying, we will eat our own bread 
and wear our own apparel, only let us be called by 
thy name, to take away our reproach." Thus Ma- 
sonry disguised, proposes to take the endearing 
name of Temperance, to take away its reproach. 

Bro. Bonebi-ake — did not rise with the hope of 
converting any one, or to place anathemas upon 
those who dissented from him. We had as good 
rules in favor of temperance as the Sons. We pro- 
hibit the distillation, vending and use of ardent spir- 
its, and are consequently as good a temperance 
society as they — and better ^ in that we demand no 
initiating fee — we listen to the claims of the aged, 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHREN Cs CHRIST. 837 

the infirm and the indigent. Benevolence was a 
heavenly word — it was an unoriginated attribute 
of God. Their benevolence was not the benevo- 
lence of the Bible. It goes no farther than their 
own fraternit^^ It conflicts with the requirements of 
our holy religion, and therefore no follower of the 
meek and lowly Jesus, who was benevolence itself, 
should stand in connection with them. 

Bro. Chittenden — was opposed to admitting 
members of secret orders into the church, from sev- 
eral considerations ; one of the principal of which 
was, that it was a species of infidelity. By joining 
them we tacitly admit that the church is incompe- 
tent to our reform and safety ; — this implies fallibil- 
ity of the precepts of religion, and consequently ap- 
proximates infidelity. 

Bro. Montgomery — had no fears of the result of 
an investigation of the subject. Good had already 
been done by the discussion, and he was willing to 
add his mite. He was astonished to hear a mem- 
ber from the other side of the house say, " he would 
receive a Mason into the chm-ch!" The resolution 
was the very spirit of United Brethrenism. We 
were told that we had no right to legislate in the 
matter. It was immoral in its tendency, and there- 
it was our imperious duty to keep it out of the 
church. He had the admissions of the Rev. Mr. 
Howe, a Presbyterian minister, who was a Son of 
Temperance and a Mason, that they come in con- 
tact with his religion. As a scriptural evidence 
against secret societies, he quoted Ephesians 5th 
chapter, 11th and 12th verses: — " Have no fellow- 
ship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rath- 
er reprove them ; for it is a shame even to speak of 
those things which are done of them in secret." 
Doctor Clarke says, " it was a secret society into 
which members were admitted b}' a pledge." They 
claim benevolence as one of "fceir cardinal principles. 

23 



338 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

Let us see. This is a gospel requirement. The 
Good Samaritan attended to the case of the neces- 
sitous, while the proud Priest and Levite passed by 
on the other side. Whether the Priest and Levite 
belonged to a secret association, he would not pre- 
tend to say, but perhaps the invalid was poor, and 
had failed to pay his weekly dues. The benevolence 
of the Sons lasts only while the money lasts. 

Bro. Ferrel had not intended saying anything, but 
he wanted his constituency to know that he had lift- 
ed his warning voice in favor of the resolution and 
against the admission of secret combinations. 

[ The balance of Bro. Ferrel's speech, the reporter did 
not hear, being necessarily absent.] 

Bro. Davis — conceived that the resolution would 
not change the discipline in its present form, as it 
now prohibited all secret associations — it only add- 
ed a clause of merciful dealings with offenders. 
The assertion that the " Sons" were instrumental 
in reforming those who were beyond the reach of 
other institutions, was untrue. When he traveled 
in this (Montgomery,) county, he became acquaint- 
ed with an inebriate whose age precluded him from 
joining the order. He used means for his reforma- 
tion, and by the blessing of God it was accomplish- 
ed. The resolution was on gospel ground. Peter 
says, " No prophecy of the scripture is of private 
interpretation." This refers to the scriptural in- 
struction. The " order" conflicts with God's na- 
ture. The Bible says " God is light ;" and the 
apostle says, " whatsoever makes manifest is light." 
This " Order" is darkness, and conflicts with the na- 
ture of God. We are told that we know nothing 
about them. Strange indeed! We have their Con- 
stitution and By-laws, and to say we know nothing 
of them, is to say that these works are untrue. 

Bro Spayth would vote for the resolution, al- 
though he did not approbate much that had been 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 33^ 

said on the affirmative. He would have preferred 
leaving the discipline as it is, four years longer. The 
lever was working admirably. He feared that the 
zeal of some would furnish the intemperate with 
weapons. He could vote for the resolution because 
it recommended mercy to the offender. 

Bro. Edwards thought enough had been said. 
His views had already obtained publicity through 
another medium. He had heard nothing from any 
member that would militate against the temperance 
cause, and would go in favor of the adoption of the 
resolution. 

Bro. Mark wood — once more in the struggle of 
the contest having obtained the floor, said, that he 
had with breathless anxiety waited to find himself 
convinced, by some at least, of all the things which 
were being said as in his position taken, and defend- 
ed in his first speech, but up to the present time, he 
remained where he had been from the beginning of 
this discussion. He thought that the arguments il- 
lustrative, and of other character, produced from 
the sacred Scriptures, were wholly irrelevant ; and 
the efl'ort entirely failing in the use of the Scrip- 
tures what remained as to the other argument, it pre- 
tended to say what he thought was not known at all. 
Here he produced facts in his possession, to show 
the truth of his last assertion. Being told that his 
time was about expired, he hastened to a close. 

Bro. Rhinehart thought many of the remarks were 
uncalled for. We have some among us whom we 
believe are pious, and would it be justice to turn 
those persons out of the church. If there was a 
bad bargain, it was when they were taken into the 
church. Ofi'enses must come — they had come — 
but wo unto that man by w^hom they come. The 
resolution was ambiguous ; it says a " reasonable 
time.^^ What shall we understand by a reasonable 
time ? It reminded him of the trial of " Scotch 



340 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

John," who had been apprehended on a certain 
charge ; and was privileged to choose his own 
Judges at his trial. He chose Abraham, Isaac and 
Jacob. "You are a fool" said his accuser; "we 
shall never see them till the day of judgment." 
" This is the very time" returned John, " when I 
want to be tried." He asked the privilege to assume 
a neutral position to the resolution. 

Bro. Erb. — The offense came by the Sons of 
Temperance, if an offense there was. We had been 
in opposition to secrecy before the organization of 
the Order, and if they had given the offense, by 
joining us, and would not retract, hang the mill- 
stone about their necks. 

Bro. Bechtel. — We shall be voted down ; but let 
us struggle a little before we die, or are drowned. 
He was still unconvinced. The remarks made he 
conceived foreign to the subject ; the scripture quo- 
tations were inapplicable. The Sons of Temper- 
ance had done great good in Virginia, and been the 
means of making sober men and christians. The 
passage of the resolution would ruin the church in 
Virginia. 

Bro. Hoobler thought one society was enough to 
belong to at a time. If he was not satisfied with 
the rules and usages of the church, he would leave 
it. It had been urged in favor of Secret Orders, that 
they would not let their members go to the poor- 
house. Twenty-eight years experience had con- 
vinced him that no real United Brother had become 
the tenant of a poor-house. 

Bro. Miller said the Ladies had been appealed to 
aid in the Temperance reformation. This could be 
done by becoming " Washingtonians," with as much 
success as by becoming daughters. Christ was our 
example. Would he, if now upon earth, put on the 
regalia, and march in all their processions of music 
and tom-foolery ? 



1849 THE UNITED BRETHBEN IN CHRIST. 341 

Bro. Roop thought no one under the influence of 
Divine grace would join a secret association. The 
Scriptures say, "the spider taketh hold with her 
hands, and is in king's palaces." Why was the spi- 
der there ? He supposed to catch flies. It catches 
the fly — sucks the blood — and lets the shell hang. 
So do the " Sons of Temperance" serve the true 
temperance cause. They catch the unwary temper- 
ance man — get his money — his influence — and 
his energy, and let the true temperance cause sufl'er 
for the want of them. 

Bro. Resler said much credit had been awarded 
Secret combinations, because they would not sufl'er 
their poor to go to the poor-house. No wonder they 
did not. That poor man had paid in the money, 
and it would be unparalleled barbarity. But if 
their benevolence ever reached beyond their order, 
it did so unconstitutionally. A member from Vir- 
ginia feared the ruin of the church. He believed 
there would be twice as much gain numerically, as 
loss. 

Bro. Burtner assigned as a reason why so many 
of the Virginia brethren were connected with the 
Secret Orders, that a resolution upon that subject, 
had been indefinitely postponed by the Virginia 
Conference, and this opened the doors wide, and 
they flocked in like blackbirds into a swamp. 

Bros. Witt and Edwards each made some very 
appropriate remarks in favor of the resolution ; but 
the reporter's energies failed through lassitude to 
dot them down. And having given the reader a 
pretty fair sketch he will close the remarks of this 
day, by giving the vote upon the final passage of 
the resolution : 

Yeas — Russel, Hanby, Peffly, Roop, Gingerich, Erb, 
Miller, Fohl, Resler, Beighel, Stewart, Wade, Todd, 
Spracklin, Spayth, Bright, Montgomery, Edwards, Am- 
brose, Davis, Kumler, Bonebrake, Chittenden, Lopp, 



342 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

Richardson, Stover, Witt, Thomas, Hershey, Lamb, 
Griffith, Hoobler and Terrel— 33. 

'Nays — Markwood and Bechtel — 2. , 

Neutral — Burtner and Rhinehart — 2. 

A resolution was brought up, which re-affirmed 
the doctrine of the Church against Slavery, which 
passed by a majority of 24 to 7. 

After twelve days session, the Conference in the 
afternoon of May 26th, 1849, adjourned with much 
good feeling, and kind regard towards each other. 

Ten Annual Conferences were held in the fall of 
this year. 

Iowa met August 23d ; Illinois, August 30th ; 
Wabash, September 13th ; Indiana, September 27th; 
and Miami, October 11th. Bishop Edwards presid- 
ed at the above Conferences. 

White River met September 13th ; St. Joseph, 
September 27th ; Sandusky, October 5th ; Scioto, 
October 17th; and Muskingum, November 1st. 
Bishop Glossbrenner presided at all of them. 

Benjamin Kiger of Illinois, H. Thurston of St. 
Joseph ; George Brown of the Wabash ; Frederick 
Bonebrake, A, Lambert and John Hoifman of Mi- 
ami ; E. Timmons, W. H. A. Trip of Scioto, and J. 
Naville and S. Cook of the Muskingum Conferences, 
died. 

During this and the previous year, the work ex 
tended to a very interesting extent in Michigan, 
through the labors of the preachers of the Sandus- 
ky Conference. Some four missions were located 
in the State, and a Presiding Elder district set off. 
The Sandusky Conference sustains some eight mis- 



1849 



THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 



343 



sionaries within its own bounds, and sends one- 
fourth of all missionary collections to the Far 
West. 

STATISTICS OF 1849. 

CONFERENCES. PREACHERS. CIRCUITS.* CLASSES. MEMBERS. 

Allegheny, 45 16 2186 

Virginia, 37 11 

East Pa., 45 13 101 2301 

Pennsylvania, . . .48 14 

Iowa,* 25 8 45 519 

White River, 35 12 122 2748 

Wabash, 45 11 91 2240 

Indiana, 38 13 89 2458 

Sandusky, 67 22 293 4157 

St. Joseph, 31 10 81 1589 

Miami, 93 22 168 4313 

Scioto, 71 26 234 5819 

Illinois, 38 13 76 1441 

Muskingum, 61 28 167 4300 

Total, 679 219 1,467 34,071 

We have made use of every effort, to get faithful 
reports of the statistics of the fifteen Annual Con- 
ferences, but have failed in some instances as will 
be seen above ; and some of the reports are for 1849, 
others for 1850, and the two Eastern Conferences 
for 1851. 

From the above, it will doubtless be seen, that 
the supposed number of members in the Brethren 
Church, has been heretofore rated too high alto- 
gether. In an article published in the " He Passa 
Ecclcsia,''^ the supposed number was set down at 

* Including stations and missions. 



344 HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF 1849 

65,000. This was a supposition of our own, and 
proves to be incorrect ; and it is due to the public, 
to correct that error as far as possible. Of the 
Virginia and Pennsylvania Conferences, no reports 
have been received. Should these two Conferences 
contain anything like a fair proportion of member- 
ship, considering their age and extent of territory, 
we may be safe in setting down the whole number 
of members at forty thousand. This of course in- 
cludes the communicants of the Church only ; no 
account is taken of children, or those who are regu- 
lar attendants of Brethren preaching, all of whom 
are numbered by some other branches of the chris- 
tian Church. 

At the commencement of part second, it was an- 
ticipated to sketch the history of the Church 
up to the close of 1850. But this for reasons 
beyond the control of the author, cannot be done 
We are now some twenty four pages beyond 
the number anticipated at the commencement 
of the work, and must therefore close with the year 
1849. 

It is but just to remark, that the history of a peo- 
ple spreading out as the Brethren have done, to be 
given in detail for twenty-five years, cannot be com 
pressed within one hundred and fifty pages ; a 
mere sketch is all that could be expected. In view 
of the time and space allotted to part second, we 
have done the very best we could, and hope that 
with all its faults, our humble efforts will be appre- 
ciated by the true friends of the Church. 



3lf77-9 



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